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Optimizing online hotel ADS: The role of emotional and experiential images and banner placement in capturing visual attention
No full textThis study investigates how the type of image used in hotel advertising banners and their position on the web can influence the attentional capture of internet users. Using eye tracking technology, the visual behavior of a sample of 90 participants was recorded while browsing real websites, created ad hoc, with dynamic banners of different formats, positions and images. The results indicate that both the location and type of image are crucial to maximize the effectiveness of the banner ad. Banners incorporating images with faces of people expressing happiness or conveying positive experiences or feelings attract and retain attention more effectively than those showing conventional images of hotel facilities. In addition, the effect of the image on visual attention appears to be moderated by the position of the banner on the web. This study contributes to the field of tourism marketing by providing empirical evidence on ad design and positioning strategies that help combat the phenomenon of banner blindness. The findings offer valuable insights for tourism marketers, enabling them to optimize the visibility and impact of their online advertising campaign
Five-year thermo-hydro-mechanical and chemical evolution of compacted bentonite: Physical and mineralogical analysis
No full textTo help describe and understand the mechanisms and factors governing the geochemical evolution and mineralogical alteration of compacted bentonite under hydraulic and thermal gradients similar to those experienced by engineered barriers in radioactive waste repositories, an experimental and modelling programme was carried out. Six thermo-hydraulic tests were performed in instrumented cylindrical cells (10 × 10 cm) using compacted Wyoming-type bentonite. The bottom of the cells was initially heated at 90 °C and once the relative humidity inside the bentonite stabilised, hydration of the bentonite was started through the top surface and lasted for different periods of time (1, 2.5 and 5 years of hydration). The top surface was maintained at 20 °C during the whole test duration to induce a thermal gradient. Half of the cells were hydrated with water reproducing saline groundwater and the other half with synthetic dilute glacial water. The temperature of the heater was increased to 110 °C after ∼1 year of hydration. At termination, the bentonite blocks were extracted from the cells and cut into sections to obtain samples for different postmortem determinations. The thermo-hydraulic evolution during the TH tests, final state of the bentonite and its mineralogical and geochemical changes were simulated with a thermo-hydro-chemical (THC) model. After 2.5 years of hydration, full saturation and hydraulic equilibrium had been reached in the cells saturated with glacial water, while the saturation process was somewhat slower when saline water was used. Despite the high degree of water saturation, gradients of water content and dry density along the blocks were observed in all the tests, which is interpreted as a consequence of the irreversibility of the initial swelling deformation. Overall, the bentonite experienced minimal mineralogical changes after the tests, especially when glacial water was used, and the changes were mainly limited to the heater contact and, to a lesser extent, the hydration surface. Precipitation of halite close to the heater was relevant in the tests hydrated with saline water, whereas the amount of gypsum close to the heater decreased in favour of that of anhydrite, irrespective of the kind of hydration water. The montmorillonite layer charge slightly decreased after the TH treatment. This is considered an indication that only minor, non-relevant modifications in the montmorillonite crystal-chemistry took place during the 5-year operation. Comparison between the experimental measurements and modelling results showed an overall good agreement. A companion paper details the geochemical and transport processes experimentally observed and simulated with the THC modelThis research was funded by Posiva Oy, the Finnish agency for radioactive waste managemen
Los nombres populares del cerdo en las lenguas iberorrománicas
No full textLos diccionarios contienen multitud de términos, aparentemente sinónimos,
para denominar al cerdo (SŪS) o a su cría, como puerco, cerdo, cochino,
marrano, guarro o lechón, pero generalmente no indican si estos nombres poseen
alguna restricción geográfica o si, donde conviven, presentan diferencias de significado.
Este trabajo estudia las múltiples denominaciones del cerdo, el lechón y el
semental de la cerda a partir de tres preguntas del Atlas Lingüístico de la Península
Ibérica con el propósito de delimitar la implantación geográfica de cada voz
y las relaciones semánticas entre ellas. Las conclusiones permiten dibujar la configuración
geográfica y semántica de cada base, así como una aproximación a su
evolución histórica, además de demostrar la existencia de patrones evolutivos comunes,
tanto en la dimensión fonética como en la morfológica y la semánticaDictionaries contain a multitude of apparently synonymous terms for
the pig (sūs) or its offspring, such as puerco, cerdo, cochino, marrano, guarro, or
lechón, but they generally do not indicate whether these names have any geographical
restriction or whether, where they coexist, they have different meanings.
This paper studies the multiple denominations of pig, piglet, and sow's stallion on
the basis of three questions from the Linguistic Atlas of the Iberian Peninsula in
order to delimit the geographical implantation of each voice and the semantic relations
between them. The conclusions draw the geographical and semantic configuration
of each word, an approximation to their historical evolution, as well as
demonstrating the existence of common evolutionary patterns, both in the phonetic
and the morphological and semantic dimensionsEste trabajo se inscribe en el proyecto «El Corpus Oral y Sonoro del Español Rural (COSER):
edición digital y análisis lingüístico (PID2022-138497NB-I00)», financiado por CIN/AEI/10.13039/
501100011033 y por el FSE
Digital tool as speech and language therapy for patients with post-stroke aphasia
No full textIntroduction: New technologies could play a role in post-stroke aphasia (PSA). Our aims were to develop a digital tool; to evaluate its acceptance and usability by patients and caregivers; and to demonstrate its effectiveness in improving language skills in patients with PSA, applying it from the acute phase. Methods: The study consisted of two phases: development of a digital tool; and an interventional before-and-after study. During the first week of admission, the digital tool, VerbalizAPP®, was installed for use with the help of family/caregivers. PSA was evaluated by a summarised version of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (sBDAE) with 0–64 points. After 3 months of using VerbalizAPP®, the sBDAE and scales to assess user satisfaction were applied. Results: Forty patients (29 men, mean age 68.3 years) were included. Aphasia description: Broca's 12 (15.0%), Wernicke's 13 (32.5%), mixed/global 15 (37.5%) cases. Patients began using VerbalizAPP® 4.8 days (range 2–7) after stroke onset. A significant improvement in sBDAE scores was found after 3 months of VerbalizAPP® use: 35.1 (SD 17.6) versus 51.1 (SD 14.4) points; p <.001. Academic level was the only baseline parameter related to outcomes. Comfort of use scored 8.8, and complexity 2.2 points. Expectations were exceeded in 61.1%, and impression of improvement in 83.3% of cases. No adverse effects were reported, and all participants would recommend VerbalizAPP® to other patients. Conclusions: Our results show the effectiveness of VerbalizAPP® for the treatment of PSA. However, larger prospective validation studies should be conducted to recommend its widespread useThe authors disclosed receipt of financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article from the RICORS network under grant RD21/0006/0012, Spanish Ministry of Health-Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) and the Next Generation EU funds (Recovery and Resilience Plan
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de cardiopatía e hipertensión pulmonar en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina. Fecha de Lectura: 10-03-2025Introducción: El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmune sistémica
que conlleva alta morbilidad y mortalidad, principalmente debido a complicaciones
cardiovasculares y pulmonares como la cardiopatía y la hipertensión pulmonar (HP), las cuales
suelen estar infradiagnosticadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia, los
factores de riesgo y las consecuencias clínicas de la afectación cardíaca y la HP en pacientes
con LES.
Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, observacional y unicéntrico en 201
pacientes adultos diagnosticados de LES según los criterios de clasificación de EULAR/ACR
2019, en el Hospital Universitario La Paz entre diciembre de 2019 y junio de 2021. Se
recopilaron datos demográficos, clínicos, analíticos, inmunológicos y terapéuticos. La actividad
de la enfermedad se evaluó mediante el índice SLEDAI y el daño orgánico con el índice SDI.
Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a ecocardiografía transtorácica para detectar anomalías
cardíacas y signos de HP; la HP se confirmó mediante cateterismo cardíaco derecho cuando
fue indicado. Se emplearon análisis estadísticos descriptivos, pruebas de chi-cuadrado,
regresión logística y análisis multivariante para identificar factores de riesgo asociados.
Resultados: La afectación cardíaca estructural se detectó en el 43,8% de los pacientes, siendo
las valvulopatías significativas (26,4%) y la hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (18,4%) los hallazgos
más frecuentes. Síntomas como disnea, dolor torácico, tos y síncope fueron predictores
significativos de enfermedad cardíaca. Los factores de riesgo asociados incluyeron edad
avanzada (≥50 años), hipertensión arterial, hiperlipidemia, sobrepeso (IMC ≥25 kg/m²),
enfermedad arterial periférica, antecedentes de trombosis y eventos cardiovasculares mayores,
positividad para anticuerpos anti-β2 glicoproteína I y afectaciones hematológicas y
neurológicas. Niveles elevados de NT-proBNP (≥300 pg/mL) y troponina I (≥0,2 ng/mL)
mostraron correlación significativa con anomalías cardíacas. La HP se sospechó en el 8,5% de
los pacientes según ecocardiografía y se confirmó en el 2,99% mediante cateterismo; la
hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP) se diagnosticó en el 1,99%. La actualización de las guías
diagnósticas de la ESC/ERS en 2022 incrementó la sensibilidad en la detección de casos
sospechosos de HP en un 33,33%. Los factores de riesgo para HP incluyeron edad avanzada,
duración de la enfermedad superior a 10 años, sobrepeso, presencia de serositis, positividad
para anticuerpos anti-Ro, niveles elevados de NT-proBNP y troponina I ultrasensible, y
alteraciones en las pruebas de función respiratoria. La relación TAPSE/PSAP < 0,55 se identificó
como un marcador ecocardiográfico eficaz para HP (AUC = 0,89). La presencia de HP se asoció
con un incremento significativo en el riesgo de mortalidad durante el seguimiento de 2 años.
Conclusiones: La afectación cardíaca y la hipertensión pulmonar son complicaciones
prevalentes en pacientes con LES y están asociadas con factores de riesgo específicos que
aumentan la morbilidad y mortalidad. La identificación de estos factores es crucial para
optimizar el manejo clínico y mejorar el pronóstico de estos paciente
Distribution and morphological differentiation of native alder taxa (Alnus Mill.) in the Iberian Peninsula
No full textThe riparian environments of Europe host a remarkable richness of plant communities, often dominated by a single tree species. Understanding the identity of this species, including its morphology and distribution, is essential for the effective management and conservation of biodiversity. In Iberian alder forests, Alnus lusitanica Vít, Douda & Madák appears to be more common than Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., which dominates most of western Europe. Previous studies based on limited sampling suggested A. lusitanica was widespread in the western and southern Iberian Peninsula, while A. glutinosa was scattered in the Pyrenees and across the Cantabrian Range. Although some morphological differences have been observed, the two species are mainly differentiated by their ploidy levels: A. lusitanica is tetraploid, and A. glutinosa is diploid. This study aims to document the detailed distribution and morphological differentiation between A. lusitanica and A. glutinosa in the Iberian Peninsula, and determine whether putative hybrids (triploids) exist. Fresh and herbaria samples covering the entire Iberian range of Alnus, plus others from Europe, were collected. Ploidy levels were determined by flow cytometry. A morphometric study was also carried out with 26 variables and ratios. The results indicate that A. glutinosa is more widespread than previously reported and no triploid hybrids were detected. The distinction from A. lusitanica can be made using a set of characters. These are described in a new identification key that successfully identifies 87.5% of specimen
Influence of Pd/AC catalytic properties on the continuous production of hydrogen from formic acid
No full textFormic acid (FA) is a promising liquid organic hydrogen carrier for safe and efficient hydrogen handling. FA dehydrogenation occurs under near-ambient conditions using palladium/activated carbon (Pd/AC) catalysts, but aspects like high Pd loading grand gradual catalyst deactivation remain key challenges. This study investigates how the physicochemical properties of Nanoparticles and support characteristics influence the continuous process performance including FA conversion, evolved gas flow rate, total hydrogen production, and catalyst durability. Pd catalysts were prepared via wet impregnation using various pre-cursors, powdered supports, and Pd loadings and evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor. The findings reveal that Pd/AC catalysts prepared with PdCl2 precursor and nano powdered AC are the most efficient. Strong electrostatic interactions between negatively charged PdCl42− species and the positively charged AC surface during impregnation enhance nanoparticle support interactions, resulting in small (∼2 nm), highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles with a high Pd2+/Pd 0 atomic surface ratio. Metal dispersion is the dominant factor influencing hydrogen production, surpassing the effects of both particle size and electronic state. Higher Pd loadings also increased catalyst durability, reducing regeneration frequency. This study provides valuable insights into the rational design of Pd/AC catalysts, paving the way for efficient FA utilization as a hydrogen carrierThe authors thank the financial support by the Government of Spain through the projects PID2021-125427OB-I00 and TED2021-130312B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). The authors thank the “Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación” (Sidi) of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), and in particular Luis Larumbe from FTIR lab and Josué Friedrich from TXRF lab, the “Centro Nacional de Microscopía Electrónica” (ICTS-CNME) of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), especially to Esteban Urones and the “Servicios Centrales de Apoyo a la Investigación”(SCAI), in particular María Dolores Marqués from Solidos Porosos La
Estudio de cátodos de LixCoO2 crecidos por técnicas físicas con láser pulsado para su aplicación en baterías
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada. Fecha de Lectura: 27-03-2025En esta Tesis Doctoral se investiga las propiedades de cátodos de LiCoO2 crecidos en
forma de lámina delgada, motivada por la aplicación de componentes Li en forma de
multicapas en baterías de ion Li (LIBs). Se emplea la técnica de depósito por láser pulsado
(PLD) para depositar estos cátodos, considerando diferentes parámetros de crecimiento
(temperatura, presión de oxígeno, energía del láser, etc.) y sustratos (rígidos y flexibles),
con el objetivo de ajustar la estequiometría reversible de Li. Los cátodos conformales de
LiCoO2 depositados mediante PLD muestran un gran potencial en esta área, aunque
ajustar la estequiometría reversible del Li representa un desafío significativo debido a su
naturaleza liviana, volátil y altamente difusiva, por lo que se destaca la importancia de
identificar los mecanismos de pérdida de Li, asociados al sistema de crecimiento, para
obtener cátodos de LCO de alta calidad. Para abordar este desafío, combinamos diversas
técnicas de análisis químico y estructural para estudiar la cristalización de LiXCoO2 en
términos de composición y morfología, para su posterior caracterización electroquímica.
En esta Tesis Doctoral se presenta cómo, a diferencia de la deslitiación electroquímica,
la cristalización de LCO, en condiciones no estequiométricas, admite únicamente una
pequeña cantidad de vacantes de Li, lo que lleva a la formación de fases de óxidos de Co.
Particularmente, se enfatiza el estudio del equilibrio y coexistencia de las distintas fases,
las cuales pueden aparecer segregadas o no, según los parámetros de depósito. Con este
objetivo, parte del desarrollo de esta Tesis Doctoral se centra en el diseño y puesta a punto
de un sistema PLD de alto rendimiento, integrando un sistema calefactor que permita
alcanzar altas temperaturas en una atmósfera reactiva, un carrusel de blancos múltiples
que permita el depósito de láminas de forma secuencial y un sistema de movimiento del
haz del láser para minimizar la fatiga en el blanc
Clinical and prognostic differences in diabetic ketoacidosis between type 2 and type 1 diabetes
No full textIntroduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in a Spanish cohort. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study included all cases of DKA between 2010 and 2024 in a Spanish tertiary hospital. Clinical and laboratory variables were collected to identify differences between DKA in T2D and T1D. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate 30-day mortality following a DKA event. Results: A total of 249 subjects (52.2% female) with a mean age of 50.2 ± 19.9 years were included. Eighty-nine patients (35.7%) had T2D, and 160 (64.3%) had T1D. A higher proportion of cardiovascular precipitating events was observed in the T2D group (12.5% vs. 3.2%; P=.005), along with a more favorable blood gas profile, characterized by higher pH, bicarbonate levels, and lower ketone body concentrations (P<.05). However, 30-day mortality was 13.5% in T2D and 1.3% in T1D (P<.001). Logistic regression models identified cardiovascular events, lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores, and higher urea levels as predictors of mortality (P<.05), independent of age and diabetes type. Conclusion: DKA in T2D is associated with a higher risk of mortality due to the severity of precipitating factors, despite a more favorable blood gas profile compared to T1D. Early identification of episodes is essential to prevent complicationsEste trabajo fue financiado por los Proyectos de Investigación en Salud PI19/00584, PI22/01404 y PMP22/00021 (financiados por el Instituto de Salud Carlos III), iTIRONET-P2022/BMD7379 (financiado por la Comunidad de Madrid) y cofinanciado por fondos FEDER a M
Constructing threat through proximization in digital news: A multimodal analysis
No full textThis paper explores the multimodal realization of social polarization in European digital news through the construction of threat. Drawing from both Media and Communication Studies and Cognitive Critical Discourse Analysis, this study investigates how media framing and event-construal operations shape news interpretations through a proximization strategy. For this purpose, a multilingual sample of 73 European newsbites about the attack on Brazilian congress by the followers of Former President Jair Bolsonaro was collected. The analysis reveals several framing devices and construal operations that present the events in Brazil as relevant and potentially threatening to European audiences. Findings indicate that media framing encourages European readers to sympathize with Brazil’s current government under Lula da Silva, while portraying Bolsonaro’s supporters as an imminent threat, thereby reflecting and reinforcing polarization in public perception. These results offer valuable insights for media discourse analysts, cognitive linguists, and researchers examining polarized discours