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Investigating Determinants of SMEs’ Green Practices: A Literature Review and Proposed Model
Full text linkThis study aims to identify the drivers of green practices, the types of green practices employed, and the green performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using a systematic literature review approach. Three stages of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analysis (PRISMA) Protocol were carried out, involving 37 empirical-based articles. These articles were selected from a total of 2,662 documents gathered from the Scopus and ProQuest databases based on the objectives of this study. The content analysis method was employed to identify themes related to green drivers, practices, and performance, which were used to develop the model as the study’s proposition. The green drivers of SMEs’ green practices include green entrepreneurship orientation, green market orientation, green regulations, and green relational motives. The implemented green practices encompass green marketing, procurement, operations, logistics and transportation, human resource management, innovation, and product design. Green performance comprises economic, social, and environmental aspects. The proposed model is subject to validation in future research to clarify the drivers of green practice in SMEs that contribute to their sustainable business performance. The results of this study are beneficial for improving a firm’s green performance by implementing relevant green practices within the organization
Unsolved problems in the study of coal formation processes and the manifestation of hazardous properties of coal seams
Full text linkTo establish problems, the solution of which for a specific stage of coal formation will allow a scientifically sound prediction of the occurrence and manifestation of hazardous properties of a specific coal seam during mining operations. The methodology is based on modern concepts of coal formation processes to confirm or establish the discrepancy between the processes occurring at different stages. Hazardous properties of coal seams during mining operations are formed not only at the stage of metamorphic transformations, and their occurrence is genetically associated, to a large extent, with previous processes of accumulation of the source material, which was subjected to successive transformation at the peat, brown coal, coal, or anthracite stages of coal formation. Based on the conducted research, scientifically substantiated proposals have been developed to clarify the general scheme of coal formation, which significantly changes the understanding of the formation of hazardous properties of mine seams and indicates the need to solve a number of urgent scientific problems associated with improving the regulatory framework for safe mining operations and clarifying geological processes at individual stages of coal formation
Determination of antibiotics susceptibility pattern of some Enterobacteriaceae associated with acute diarrhea among children in Kano, Nigeria
Full text linkThe study was aimed to determination of antibiotics susceptibility pattern of some enteric bacteria associated with diarrhea among children in Kano, Northern Nigeria. In the Study, total of two hundred and fifty samples (250) from the study subjects were examined. Enteric bacteria were isolated and identified using conventional methods while the identified isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility testing using agar disc diffusion method. Total of 523 Enterobacteriaceae isolates identified were subjected to multi drug resistance (MDR) test, of which 27 (5.2%) isolates were resistant to four or more antibiotics tested while 496 (94.8%) of the isolates were resistant to less than four antibiotics. E. coli showed high resistant to streptomycin (63.2%) and chloramphenicol (23.8%). Salmonella was resistant to streptomycin (78.3%), gentamicin (61.9%) and erythromycin (33.7%) while Shigella spp were resistant to streptomycin (74.6%), gentamicin (76.6%) and ampicillin (54%). On the other hand, E. coli demonstrated sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (92.8%), tetracycline (92.8%), augmentin (90.7%) and nalidixic acid (94.8%). Salmonella spp was highly sensitive to augmentin (96.8%), nalidixic acid (93.5%), tetracycline (91.3) and ciprofloxacin (93.5%) while Shigella spp was sensitive to nalidixic acid (93.7%), chloramphenicol (93.7%) and ciprofloxacin (83%). The antibiotic resistance exists among enteric bacteria associated with diarrhea in children
Patterns and prevalence of gastroenteritis among children aged 0 – 15 years
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of bacterial gastroenteritis among children aged 0-15 years, the bacterial types involved, the age-range mostly affected and the bacterial load in the children sampled. This study was carried out in selected primary schools in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. The study population comprises of one hundred and fifty (150) Primary School Children within the age range of 0-15 years. Stool samples were examined using standard bacteriological method. Results obtained showed the rate of bacterial isolates from the stool of the children from the various age groups for the population under study is 44%. Out of the samples collected from each of the age range, 9(41%) were positive for age range 0-3, 19(46%) were for 4-7 years, 17(49%) for 8-11 years, and 21(40%) for 12-15. Age 12-15 years have the highest bacterial isolates followed by age 4-7 years, 8-11 years and 0-3 years. Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Streptococcus faecalis were isolated from the study population. The bacterial load of bacteria gastroenteritis is high so also the individual loads of the bacterial types apart from Streptococcus faecalis. Therefore, the isolation was enough to cause problem to the children
Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) from Kangimi Dam and the national water resources institute, Kaduna, Nigeria
Full text linkThe bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) was evaluated between September and October 2024 in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria. Fish samples were collected from Kangimi Dam and the National Water Resources Fish Ponds, and cadmium concentrations in the gills, kidneys, and livers were investigated using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy–High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (AAS-HPLC). ANOVA was used to determine mean concentrations. In Kangimi Dam fish, cadmium levels were 0.045±0.011 mg/kg (gills), 0.056±0.006 mg/kg (liver), and 0.055±0.012 mg/kg (kidneys). In contrast fish from the National Water Resources Fish Ponds, concentrations were higher: 0.098±0.004 mg/kg, 0.107±0.001 mg/kg, and 0.097±0.006 mg/kg, respectively. The liver showed the highest accumulation, though differences across organs were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Cadmium concentrations remained within the WHO/FAO permissible limit (0.05 mg/kg), suggesting no significant health risk. Further studies on other heavy metals and their bioaccumulation factors in the study area are recommended
Simultaneous optimization and simulation of multi-purpose reservoir operation rule curves under extreme hydrological conditions and complex cultivation patterns using evolutionary algorithms
Full text linkImplementing appropriate operating rule curves for water resources systems and hydroclimatic conditions significantly reduce damages floods and droughts damages in the downstream area. This paper uses simulation-optimization approach to establish a multi-purpose reservoir's rule curve. The hedging method is utilized for drought, and the multi-stage flood routing method is used for floods. The melody search algorithm is employed as the optimization algorithm. The Karkhe Reservoir is a case study, facing irregular water distribution and hydrological challenges from extensive domestic and agricultural water usage, varying cultivation patterns, and flood susceptibility. The region grows two types of crops - autumn and summer crops. Autumn cultivation is fundamental and strategic, but water use for summer or water-based crops reduces water resources for it. Meeting water demands from September to November is another challenge due to the overlapping water needs of summer and autumn crops. Significant changes in the upstream and downstream areas, including alterations in the shape and water resource utilization of the catchment area, as well as changes in the rivers' morphological condition and water carrying capacity, make it a constant challenge to determine the optimal water level for the reservoir. The results demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the optimized rule curve
Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) is a highly nutritious source of grains
Full text linkThe main objective of this paper is the chemical evaluation of quinoa seeds (Chenopodium quinoa wild). The chemical composition, mineral content, active compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, and tocopherols), vitamins, amino acids, and fatty acids of quinoa seeds were estimated. The results indicate that quinoa seeds are rich in minerals, the most important of which are Ca and K. They are also rich in biologically active compounds that play an effective role as antioxidants, the most important of which are phenolic compounds (455 ppm), flavonoids (245 ppm), tocopherols (505 ppm), and finally vitamins (A, C, and D), which are effective in preventing many diseases. The results also showed that quinoa seeds contain essential amino acids, which amount to 35.78 g/100 g, respectively, so it contains high-quality protein.Also, the main essential fatty acid in quinoa seeds is Linoleic (55.00%), which is known as Omega 6, then alpha-linolenic acid (9.49%).Therefore, quinoa seeds have a distinct composition of important nutritional elements and are considered a high-nutrition alternative to grains. Finally, more studies should be conducted on these high nutritional value seeds and they should be included in many products as an alternative to grains
Times higher education’s administrative influence on tertiary education in Thailand: A comparative content analytical study
Full text linkThis study comparatively investigates the impact of Times Higher Education (THE) rankings on tertiary education administration in Thailand, with a specific focus on the strategic management of higher education institutions. The research aims to understand THE's ranking criteria and their influence on administrative decisions, as well as the implications for university governance and leadership. Ten Thai universities were carefully selected and evaluated based on THE's World University Ranking and Impact Ranking criteria, which assess institutions' performance across teaching, research, industry collaboration, international outlook, and their contributions to the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Data was collected from THE's official website. The findings of this research suggest that: Universities that prioritize research quality and international outlook tend to perform better in THE's World University Ranking; Institutions that focus on SDG-related research and outreach are more likely to excel in THE's Impact Ranking; Thai universities that adopt best practices in educational administration, such as strategic planning and resource allocation, are more likely to improve their THE rankings. By identifying effective administrative strategies, this research can inform policy decisions and support universities in achieving their goals, ultimately contributing to the development of a more competitive and sustainable higher education system in Thailand
Enhancing land use efficiency for tea cultivation: A case study in Quang Binh District, Ha Giang Province
Full text linkThe study aims to evaluate the efficiency of tea land use in Quang Binh district across three aspects: economic, social, and environmental. The study utilized random survey data from 60 tea-growing households, combined with both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Findings indicated that the total tea cultivation area remained relatively stable between 2020 and 2024; however, economic efficiency sharply declined in 2024 due to disruptions in export markets and a significant drop in tea prices. Tea cultivation continues to be highly accepted by local populations, especially among ethnic minorities, owing to its compatibility with traditional practices and its role in ensuring employment and land tenure stability. Additionally, tea cultivation contributes to increasing land cover, maintaining and protecting soil quality, and reducing land degradation. Nonetheless, the declining wages of daily labor and limited market connectivity threaten the long-term sustainability of economic, social, and environmental aspects of tea cultivation. To enhance effective land use, a comprehensive approach is necessary, which includes rational land planning, adoption of sustainable farming techniques, increased application of organic and biological inputs, and strengthened training and technology transfer. These measures support long-term economic and environmental sustainability in tea-growing regions, while also increasing production and improving soil health
An investigation into the teaching challenges encountered in the grade 10 engineering graphics and design classrooms
Full text linkThis study investigates the challenges faced by grade 10 teachers in Engineering Graphics and Design (EGD) classrooms and their impact on learners' performance, particularly related to poor outcomes on the National Senior Certificate (NSC) examination. The study used convenience sampling to select five EGD teachers from two schools offering the subject adopting an interpretivist paradigm and a qualitative research approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore teachers' experiences and perspectives with data analyzed using thematic analysis. The study used the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) theoretical framework to look at how content delivery and teaching strategies are related. The findings reveal a significant lack of basic resources in EGD classrooms which negatively affects teaching and learning processes. Teachers struggle to deliver effective instruction because of inadequate tools and materials, impacting learners' understanding and performance in the subject. The study concludes that addressing resource shortages in EGD classrooms is crucial for improving teaching effectiveness and student outcomes. Learners are deprived, contributing to poor performance in national examinations without adequate resources. Therefore, the study recommends that the Department of Education prioritize the provision of essential resources in EGD classrooms to enhance teaching and learning experiences, leading to improve learner performance