Indonesian Journal of Oil Palm Research / Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Not a member yet
150 research outputs found
Sort by
Validasi Marker Infeksi Dini Ganoderma pada Kelapa Sawit di Tiga Lokasi Endemik Ganoderma
Full text linkA serious disease that affects the viability of the oil palm industry is basal stem rot, which is caused by Ganoderma. The current level of disease can be viewed as unmanageable, given that the palms were growing in an unfavorable or unsuitable climate. Today, there are numerous approaches to diagnose diseases early, and one of them using molecular methods. Seven genes for early infection markers were effectively generated by a reference's transcriptome study, including LEUCO, ETHYLENE, CHALCONE, ANTHOCYANIDIN, ETHYLENE, MANNOSE, and SENESCENCE. The purpose of this study is to validate and confirm the presence of Ganoderma infections in three endemic oil palm field in Indonesia i.e. Cisalak Baru, Rejosari, and Bekri plantation. This study conducted real time qPCR of RNA from oil palm roots with four different severities of infection. Manual processing of RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis were carried out, to provide quantification expression level. In addition, gene ontology (GO) analysis was also performed in order to explain the roles of each gene tested. The results revealed that CHALCONE is the only marker that consistently elucidate the Ganoderma's early infection appear in three locations. The drawbacks of the analysis results are tightly correlating to the age of oil palm as well as endemic location. GO results declare that seven genes function related to the response of infection. This work was successful in confirming early infection in three places, elucidating the variables influencing the efficacy and sensitivity of molecular detection, and revealing the function and importance of particular genes for detection.Penyakit yang memengaruhi kelangsungan hidup industri kelapa sawit adalah busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma. Tingkat serangan Ganoderma saat ini tidak dapat dikendalikan, disebabkan oleh iklim yang tidak menentu bagi kelapa sawit. Saat ini, terdapat banyak pendekatan untuk mendiagnosis Ganoderma secara dini, salah satunya menggunakan metode molekuler. Tujuh gen marka infeksi dini pada kelapa sawit dihasilkan dari kajian transkriptomik sebagai referensi, yakni LEUCO, ETHYLENE, CHALCONE, ANTHOCYANIDIN, ETHYLENE, MANNOSE, dan SENESCENCE. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memvalidasi dan mengkonfirmasi keberadaan infeksi Ganoderma di tiga lahan endemik kelapa sawit di Indonesia yaitu perkebunan Cisalak Baru, Rejosari, dan Bekri. RT-qPCR dilakukan dari RNA akar kelapa sawit dengan empat tingkat keparahan infeksi yang berbeda. Isolasi RNA dilakukan manual dan dilakukan sintesis cDNA, untuk menganalisis dan mengkuantifikasi tingkat penyandian gen. Selain itu, analisis ontologi gen (GO) juga dilakukan untuk menjelaskan peran masing-masing gen yang diuji. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa CHALCONE adalah satu-satunya marka awal infeksi Ganoderma yang secara konsisten muncul di tiga lokasi. Perbedaan dari hasil analisis tiap kebun sangat erat kaitannya dengan umur kelapa sawit, tingkat keparahan infeksi, serta lokasi endemik. Hasil GO menyatakan bahwa peranan tujuh gen tersebut terkait dengan response infeksi. Studi ini berhasil mengkonfirmasi infeksi awal pada tiga kebun, menjelaskan variabel yang memengaruhi efikasi dan sensitifitas deteksi molekuler, dan menjelaskan fungsi dan pentingnya gen tertentu sebagai marka
The Potential of Fumyco (Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi) in Increasing The Growth of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Seedling in Nursery
No full textKelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan penghasil minyak nabati yang menjadi komoditas unggulan di Indonesia. Pemberian pupuk hayati menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk membantu meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan pupuk hayati mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di Nursery. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktor tunggal dengan 6 taraf perlakuan dan 10 ulangan. Perlakuan pengujian pupuk hayati berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri No.1 Tahun 2019 yaitu Kontrol (A); Pupuk NPK standar (15-15-15) 2,5 g (B); 20 g pupuk hayati (C); NPK standar+20 g pupuk hayati (D); 3/4 NPK standar+20 g pupuk hayati (E); dan 1/2 NPK standar+20 g pupuk hayati (F). Pemberian pupuk hayati mikoriza baik tunggal maupun kombinasi dengan berbagai dosis NPK mampu meningkatkan tinggi, diameter, jumlah daun, bobot kering (BK) akar dan tajuk bibit kelapa sawit umur 12 minggu setelah tanam (MST) dibandingan dengan kontrol dan pupuk NPK standar. Nilai Relative Agronomic Effectiveness (RAE) pada perlakuan 3/4 NPK+20 g pupuk hayati mikoriza menunjukkan hasil yang paling efektif secara agronomi dengan nilai RAE tinggi bibit 504,63%, diameter 758,82%, jumlah daun 504,62%, BK tajuk 378,33%, dan BK akar 291,81%.Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the vegetable oil-producing plantation crops that is a leading commodity in Indonesia. The application of biological fertilizers is an alternative to help improve the growth of oil palm seedlings. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the use of mycorrhizal biofertilizers on the growth of oil palm plants in the Nursery. The study used a single-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatment levels and 10 replications. Biofertilizer test treatments based on Ministerial Regulation No.1 of 2019 were control (A); standard NPK fertilizer (15-15-15) 2,5 g (B); 20 gr biofertilizer (C); 1 standard NPK+20 g biofertilizer (D); 3/4 standard NPK+20 g biofertilizer (E); and 1/2 standard NPK+20 g biofertilizer (F). The application of mycorrhizal biofertilizer either alone or in combination with various doses of NPK can increase the height, diameter, number of leaves, dry weight (BK) of roots and crown of oil palm seedlings aged 12 weeks after planting (MST) compared to the control and standard NPK fertilizer. The Relative Agronomic Effectiveness (RAE) value in the 3/4 NPK+20 g mycorrhizal biofertilizer treatment showed the most effective results agronomically with the result height 504,63%, diameter 758,82%, number of leave 504,62%, shoots dry weight 378,33%, dan root dry weight 291,81%
The use of Oil Palm Mesocarp Serat as a Substitute for Synthetic Serat in the Manufacture of Fiberglass Composites
Full text linkSalah satu produk samping yang dihasilkan pabrik kelapa sawit dan pemakaiannya yang masih terbatas pada bahan bakar adalah serat mesokarp kelapa sawit. Produk samping ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan komposit fiberglass. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa pengaruh variasi serat mesokarp kelapa sawit dan katalis (mepoxe) terhadap kualitas komposit, dan menganalisis komposisi yang menghasilkan kualitas produk paling baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan blok lengkap (RBL) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu pemakaian katalis meliputi A1:0,5%, A2:0,75%, dan A3:1% dan faktor kedua yaitu penambahan serat mesokarp kelapa sawit meliputi B1:7,5%, B2:10%, dan B3:12,5%. Hasil terbaik terdapat pada komposisi katalis 1% dan serat kelapa sawit 10% (sampel A3B2) dengan ketebalan 4,61 mm, nilai kedap air 0,0019 gram, nilai porositas 2,51%, dimana memenuhi SNI No.03-1027-1995 dan pengujian bending maksimal (fM) sebesar 7,07 MPa/mm dan bending break (fB) sebesar 6,62 MPa/mm sehingga sampel tersebut memiliki kelenturan lebih baik diantara sampel lain, tetapi dibandingkan dengan sampel kontrol masih tergolong lemah. Hasil terbaik untuk sampel terkuat didapatkan pada komposisi katalis 1% dan serat kelapa sawit 10% (sampel A3B3) dengan ketebalan 5,37 mm, nilai kedap air sebesar 0,0027 gram, nilai porositas sebesar 2,79%, dan kekuatan kuat beban sebesar 208,7929 N.One of the biggest wastes produced by palm oil mills and their limited use of fuel is palm serat. This waste can be used as a fiberglass composite material. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of variations in palm serat and catalysts (mepoxe) on the quality of composites, and analyze the compositions that can produce the best product quality. This study used a complete block design (RBL) with 2 factors. The first factor is the use of catalysts including A1:0.5%, A2:0.75%, and A3:1% and the second factor is the addition of palm serat including B1:7.5%, B2:10%, and B3:12.5 %. The best results were found in the composition of 1% catalyst and 10% palm serat (A3B2 sample) with a thickness of 4.61 mm, a waterproof value of 0.0019 gram, a porosity value of 2.51% which met SNI No.03-1027-1995 and a maximum bending test (fM) of 7.07 MPa / mm and a bending break (fB) of 6.62 MPa / mm so that the sample had better flexibility among other samples but, compared to the control sample, are still relatively weak. The best results for the strongest sample were obtained at the composition of 1% catalyst and 10% palm serat (A3B3 sample) with a thickness of 5.37 mm, a waterproof value of 0.0027 grams, a porosity value of 2.79%, and a load strength of 208.7929 N
Mapping of Leaf Nutrient Content Using Multispectral Imagery in Oil Palm Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Full text linkKecukupan hara merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas kelapa sawit. Umumnya, pemenuhan kecukupan hara dilakukan melalui pemupukan yang ditentukan berdasarkan hasil analisis kandungan tanah dan daun. Pengukuran kandungan hara daun secara konvensional tidak memiliki fleksibilitas, tidak praktis, membutuhkan tenaga kerja intensif, serta perlu waktu dan biaya tinggi, sehingga penginderaan jauh dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengatasinya. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan ekstraksi nilai reflektan setiap saluran serta transformasi indeks vegetasi NDVI dan GNDVI dari 3 saluran kamera multispektal (red, green, near infrared) sebagai variabel bebas (predictor) untuk mengestimasi hara daun blok pengamatan pada perkebunan kelapa sawit. Model regresi polinomial berganda dibangun dari hasil analisis laboratorium daun kelapa sawit sebanyak 35 contoh yang digunakan sebagai variabel terikat. Model prediksi N, P, K, Ca, dan Mg menggunakan regresi polinomial berganda orde 4 menghasilkan nilai R2 berturut-turut 0,986; 0,975; 0,981; 0,970; dan 0,968, nilai Adjusted R2 berturut-turut 0,861; 0,761; 0,812; 0,710; dan 0,690, nilai RSE berturut-turut 0,065; 0,003; 0,076; 0,074; dan 0,036, serta nilai MAPE berturut-turut 5,23%; 3,22%; 10,38%; 13,40%; dan 16,59%. Nilai prediksi kandungan hara daun setiap pohon diolah dan diklasifikasikan secara spasial menghasilkan kandungan hara N, P, dan Ca yang didominasi kriteria sedang masing-masing 95,51%, 100%, dan 80,58%, sedangkan hara K dan Mg didominasi kriteria rendah masing-masing 77,86%, dan 90,39% dari jumlah pohon.Adequate nutrition is one of the critical factors in determining the productivity of oil palm. Usually, to obtain sufficient nutrients for plants, fertilization is performed based on the results of soil and leaf nutrient content analyses. Measuring leaf nutrient content conventionally lacks flexibility, is impractical, is labour-intensive, and takes time and money, so remote sensing can be an alternative to addressing this problem. The study used the extraction of the reflectance values of each band as well as the transformation of the NDVI and GNDVI vegetation index from 3 bands of multispectral cameras (red, green, nears infrared) as an independent variable (predictor) to estimate leaf nutrient on oil palm plantations. A multiple polynomial regression model is built from a laboratory analysis of 35 examples of oil palm leaves used as a dependent variable. Predictive models of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg using multiple polynomial regression of order 4 resulted in R2 values in the succession of 0,986; 0,975; 0,981; 0,970; and 0,968; Adjusted R2 values in the sequence of 0,861; 0,761; 0,812; 0,710; and 0,690; RSE values consecutive of 0,065; 0,003; 0,076; 0,074; and 0,036; as well as MAPE values successive of 5,23; 3,22; 10,38; 13,40; and 16,59%. The predictive value of the leaf nutrients of each tree processed and classified spatially resulted in the content of N, P, and Ca being dominated by average criteria of respectively 95,51%, 100%, and 80,58% of the total tree, while K and Mg dominated the low criteria of 77.86% and 90.39%, respectively
Pengaruh Komposisi Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Bungkil Inti Kelapa Sawit sebagai Pakan Larva Lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermetia Illucens) Terhadap Perubahan Kandungan Asam Lemaknya
Full text linkOil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and Palm Kernel Meal (PKM) are the most abundant by product in palm oil industry. However, the optimal utilization of both substrate has not yet discovered. This is due to high lignocellulosic content in OPEFB contains high lignocellulose content, on the other hand, PKM contains high crude protein content, High lignocellulose content of OPEFB causes this particular substrate to be hard to decompose, while lignin and crude protein content in PKM requires it to be pretreated prior to utilization. Black Soldier Fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) is a natural bioreactor that is able to convert biomass into high value insect protein, fats, and chitin. BSF fats is highly potential to be used as high valued product, such as animal feed and biofuel. However, research that utilize OPEFB and PKM to modulate BSF fatty acid content during its' vegetative state is scarce. This study shows that inclusion of OPEFB as the dominant composition of the BSF feed modulate the synthesis and accumulation of lauric acid. Whilst the feed with PKM as dominant composition tends to modulate the synthesis of n-3 fatty acid, thus lowering the n-6/n-3 ratio of BSF fats. This research confirm the plasticity of BSF fats fatty acid composition depends on both feed fatty acid composition and digestability.Present study shows the potential of BSF utilization to valorize oil palm biomass into highly valuable specific fats sustainably.Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan bungkil inti sawit (BIS) merupakan produk samping biomassa industri kelapa sawit yang masih terbatas pemanfaatannya. TKKS mengandung lignoselulosa yang sangat tinggi, sedangkan BIS mengandung protein kasar yang relatif tinggi. Kandungan lignoselulosa yang tinggi menyebabkan TKKS menjadi sulit didekomposisi, sedangkan kandungan lignin pada protein kasar BIS memerlukan perlakuan awal untuk diaplikasikan sebagai pakan. Black Soldier Fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) merupakan serangga yang mampu mengkonversi lignoselulosa TKKS dan BIS menjadi produk lemak, protein, dan kitin. Produk lemak BSF berpotensi menjadi produk – produk bernilai tinggi, seperti pakan ternak maupun bahan bakar. Namun, pengaruh lignoselulosa dan protein kasar dari TKKS dan BIS sebagai pakan BSF terhadap modulasi asam lemak pada BSF belum diteliti. Riset ini menjelaskan komposisi pakan dengan TKKS sebagai komposisi dominan cenderung meningkatkan komposisi asam laurat pada larva BSF. Inklusi BIS sebagai komposisi dominan pada pakan menunjukkan akumulasi asam lemak n-3 dan menurunkan rasio n-6/n-3 pada lemak BSF. Hasil riset ini mengkonfirmasi bahwa komposisi asam lemak BSF tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kandungan asam lemak pakannya, namun juga dipengaruhi oleh kecernaan pakannya. Riset ini menunjukkan potensi BSF sebagai agen konversi biomassa sawit yang dapat memproduksi asam lemak esensial spesifik
Biofertilizer Application to Enhance The Oil Palm Growth and Productivity
Full text linkManajemen kesuburan tanah yang rutin dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit cenderung tidak memperhatikan kesuburan dari aspek biologi tanah. Penggunaan pupuk anorganik menjadi praktik standar yang umum, akan tetapi dapat mempengaruhi kesuburan dan kesehatan tanah. Produk hayati yang mengandung konsorsium bakteri bermanfaat dapat menjadi alternatif untuk meminimalkan bahaya terhadap lingkungan dan mewujudkan pertanian berkelanjutan. Penelitian pengaruh aplikasi pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas kelapa sawit telah dilakukan dengan sistem demo plot (demplot) pada tanaman menghasilkan TT 2008 yang berlokasi di Sumatera Selatan sejak tahun 2019. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi bakteri secara nyata mengalami peningkatan dan menunjukkan nilai yang lebih tinggi (menjadi >108 cfu/g-1) pada plot aplikasi pupuk hayati. Sementara itu, performa vegetatif tanaman meningkat sekitar 8,5-17,2% (luas daun) dan 8,6-14,9% (berat kering pelepah) terhadap kontrol (100% anorganik). Perlakuan pupuk anorganik (50% dan 75%) yang dikombinasikan dengan pupuk hayati dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan dan menghasilkan produktivitas tanaman kelapa sawit yang tidak berbeda nyata terhadap perlakuan standar (100% pupuk anorganik).The conventional soil management practices employed in oil palm plantations often overlook the critical aspect of soil biology, leading to potential detrimental effects on soil health and fertility, primarily driven by the excessive utilization of inorganic fertilizers. However, there is growing evidence that biofertilizers, comprising beneficial bacterial consortia, hold significant promise as an alternative approach for sustainable agriculture while mitigating environmental impacts. Extensive research has been conducted to explore the application of biofertilizers and investigate their impact on the growth and yield of oil palm. In a study conducted on a demo plot of oil palms planted in 2008 in South Sumatra since 2019, a randomized complete block design with five treatments was implemented. The application of biofertilizers yielded notable outcomes, including a substantial increase in the bacterial population, surpassing the threshold of 108 cfu.g-1. This upsurge in bacterial populations signifies a positive shift towards enhanced soil microbial activity and functioning. Furthermore, the application of biofertilizers demonstrated significant improvements in crucial growth parameters. Leaf area exhibited an increase ranging from 8.5% to 17.2%, while dry frond biomass showed a remarkable boost ranging from 8.6% to 14.9%, in comparison to the usage of 100% inorganic fertilizers. Moreover, the combination of inorganic fertilizers with biofertilizers (S75B1, S75B2, S50B1, and S50B2) exhibited enhanced fertilizer efficiency and ultimately resulted in higher oil palm yields compared to the usage of 100% inorganic fertilizers. This valuable finding underscores the potential of integrating biofertilizers into conventional fertilization practices to achieve optimal agricultural productivity while minimizing environmental impact
Social Conflict, Legal and Financial Analysis in the Feasibility Study of Smallholder's Oil Palm Plantation Partnership: A Case Study in the Agrarian Conflict of KKPA Bongkal Malang, Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province
Full text linkEkspansi perkebunan sawit rakyat di Riau tidak hanya berdampak positif bagi perekonomian, tetapi juga diikuti dengan meningkatkan kasus konflik agraria. Penelitian ini mencoba memberikan sumbangan pemikiran dalam upaya mengatasi konflik agraria di perkebunan sawit, khususnya dalam skema KKPA yang masih minim analisis sistematis dari perspektif sosial, legal, dan finansial. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada studi kasus konflik agraria KKPA Bongkal Malang, Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu, Riau, di mana belum ada mekanisme resolusi konflik yang ditemukan hingga saat ini. Temuan penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa konflik agraria KKPA Bongkal Malang dapat dikategorikan sebagai konflik sosial yang kritis dan berskala luas, dengan dampak negatif yang signifikan pada aspek sosial dan ekonomi bagi kedua pihak. Perubahan regulasi menyebabkan ketidaksesuaian legalitas kemitraan KKPA Bongkal Malang dengan ketentuan hukum yang baru, menciptakan ketidakpastian dalam investasi. Konflik yang belum terselesaikan juga menyebabkan kelayakan finansial kemitraan ini menjadi tidak layak untuk dijalankan. Analisis menyimpulkan bahwa melanjutkan kemitraan KKPA Bongkal Malang menjadi tidak memungkinkan, dan penyelesaian konflik menjadi prioritas utama. Resolusi konflik ini memerlukan dukungan politik dan kemauan politik dari pemerintah pusat dan daerah, dengan pendekatan melalui negosiasi-mediasi atau rekonsiliasi-kerjasama dianggap sebagai mekanisme yang paling tepat, dengan memastikan pencapaian solusi yang adil bagi semua pihak yang terlibat.The expansion of smallholder oil palm plantations in Riau has not only had a positive impact on the economy but has also been followed by an increase in agrarian conflict cases. This research tries to contribute ideas in efforts to overcome agrarian conflicts in oil palm plantations, especially in the KKPA scheme which still lacks systematic analysis from a social, legal, and financial perspective. This research focuses on a case study of agrarian conflict in KKPA Bongkal Malang, Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau, where no conflict resolution mechanism has been found to date. The findings of this research indicate that the agrarian conflict of KKPA Bongkal Malang can be categorized as a critical and wide-scale social conflict, with significant negative impacts on social and economic aspects for both parties. Regulatory changes led to a mismatch in the legality of the Bongkal Malang KKPA partnership with new legal provisions, creating uncertainty in investment. The unresolved conflict also made the financial viability of the partnership unviable. The analysis concludes that continuing the Bongkal Malang KKPA partnership is not feasible, and conflict resolution is a top priority. The resolution of this conflict requires political support and political will from the central and local governments, with a negotiation-mediation or reconciliation-cooperation approach considered the most appropriate mechanism, ensuring a fair solution for all parties involved
(Effect of Liquid Organic Ingredients from Banana Peel and Rice Wash Water on Oil Palm Seedling Growth (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Pre-nursery)
Full text linkPenggunaan pupuk anorganik yang berlebihan pada pembibitan kelapa sawit dapat diminimalisir dengan menggunakan bahan organik cair. Penggunaan bahan organik cair (BOC) asal kulit pisang dan air cucian beras bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di pre-nursery. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, pada Februari-Mei 2022. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan sembilan kombinasi perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak tiga kali, setiap perlakuan terdiri dari dua bibit. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu kontrol tanpa penambahan bahan organik cair asal kulit pisang dan air cucian beras, serta kombinasi berbagai dosis BOC asal kulit pisang dan air cucian beras. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa BOC dan air cucian beras yang diberikan hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap luas daun bibit kelapa sawit pada 1 BSP dan kandungan klorofil daun pada 3 BSP. Walaupun demikian terlihat bahwa pemberian 25 mL BOC kulit pisang/L air/tanaman yang dikombinasikan dengan 250 mL air cucian beras memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di pre nursery.Excessive use of inorganic fertilizers in oil palm nurseries can be minimized by using liquid organic ingredients. The use of liquid organic ingredients (LOI) from banana peels and rice washing water aimed to determine and study its effect on the growth of oil palm seedlings in pre-nursery. The experiment was carried out at the Ciparanje Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, in February - May 2022. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with nine treatment combinations and was repeated three times, each treatment consisting of two seeds. The treatments tested were control without the addition of liquid organic ingredients from banana peels and rice washing water, as well as a combination of various doses of LOI from banana peels and rice washing water. The experimental results showed that the LOI and rice washing water given only had a significant effect on the leaf area of oil palm seedlings at 1 MAT and leaf chlorophyll content at 3 MAT. However, it was seen that giving 25 mL LOI from banana peel/L water/plant combined with 250 mL of rice washing water has a good influence on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the pre-nursery
Perbaikan Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat TM-1 Dengan Pemberian Kombinasi Pupuk Anorganik-Organik dan Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson Sebagai Tanaman Penutup Tanah
Full text linkCurrently, the area of smallholder oil palm plantations in Indonesia reaches 41.44% and is wider than state-owned oil palm plantations which are only 3.87%. However, the role of smallholder oil palm plantations is still not optimal due to low land productivity and yields, so technical culture management is needed that can maintain land productivity and oil palm yields in a sustainable manner through the provision of a combination of inorganic-organic fertilizers and TPT planting. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of inorganic-organic fertilizers and A. gangetica as TPT in improving soil chemical properties and growth of oil palm TM-1. The study used a factorial randomized design with three replications with two treatment factors, namely a combination of inorganic-organic fertilizers and TPT. The results showed that the interaction of P4T1 (100% inorganic 100%-organic fertilizer combination + TPT) and P3T1 (100% inorganic 100%-organic fertilizer combination + TPT) was able to improve soil chemical properties and growth of oil palm TM-1. Meanwhile, independently the combination treatment of 100% organic 100% inorganic fertilizer and TPT A. gangetica produced the most female flowers and the lowest male flowers.Saat ini luas perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat di Indonesia mencapai 41.44% dan lebih luas dari perkebunan kelapa sawit milik negara yang hanya seluas 3.87%. Namun, peranan perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat tersebut masih belum optimal karena masih rendahnya produktivitas lahan dan hasilnya, sehingga dibutuhkan pengelolaan kultur teknis yang dapat mempertahankan produktivitas lahan dan hasil kelapa sawit secara berkelanjutan melalui pemberian kombinasi pupuk anorganik-organik dan penanaman tanaman penutup tanah (TPT). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk anorganik-organik dan A. gangetica sebagai TPT dalam memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit TM-1. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial tiga ulangan dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu kombinasi pupuk anorganik-organik dan TPT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Interaksi perlakuan P4T1 (kombinasi pupuk anorganik100%-organik100% + TPT) dan P3T1 (kombinasi pupuk anorganik100%-organik 0% + TPT) mampu memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit TM-1, sedangkan secara mandiri perlakuan kombinasi pupuk anorganik 100%-organik 100% dan TPT A. gangetica menghasilkan bunga betina terbanyak dan bunga jantan terendah
Social Sustainability Assessment of Oil Palm Smallholders Business Partnership and Its Relation to The Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals: Case Study in North Sumatra Province
Full text linkStudi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat keberlanjutan sosial kemitraan usaha perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat dan kaitannya terhadap pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB). Studi kasus ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan social life cycle assessment (SLCA) sesuai panduan SLCA UNEP. Batasan sistem yang dipertimbangkan adalah rumah tangga pekebun anggota koperasi Z yang bermitra dengan PT X. Terdapat lima indikator keberlanjutan sosial dan enam parameter kinerja yang diteliti dan kemudian diidentifikasi relevansinya terhadap pencapaian TPB. Studi kasus ini dilakukan di PT X, yang beroperasi di Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan, Sumatera Utara. Temuan studi kasus ini menjelaskan bahwa secara umum kemitraan usaha perkebunan kelapa sawit antara PT X dan koperasi Z memiliki kinerja sosial positif. Secara parsial, sejumlah indikator keberlanjutan sosial telah memenuhi standar kepatuhan, seperti “hubungan dagang yang adil”, “hubungan pemasok”, “pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar”, dan “akses jasa dan input”. Sementara kinerja sosial sedikit di bawah standar kepatuhan ditemukan pada indikator “distribusi kekayaan”. Temuan studi kasus ini juga dapat menjelaskan bahwa tata kelola kemitraan usaha perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat yang baik dapat berkontribusi pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB), meliputi TPB 1, 2, 6, 8 dan 12.This case study aims to assess the social sustainability level of smallholder oil palm plantation business partnerships and its relation to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This case study was conducted using the social life cycle assessment (SLCA) approach according to UNEP's SLCA guidelines. The boundaries of the system under consideration are smallholder households that are members of cooperative Z who partner with PT X. There are five social sustainability indicators and six performance parameters that are studied and then identified for their relevance to achieving SDGs. This case study was conducted at PT X, which operates in South Labuhan Batu District, North Sumatra. The findings of this case study explain that in general the oil palm plantation business partnership between PT X and cooperative Z has positive social performance. Partially, a number of social sustainability indicators have met compliance standards, such as “fair trade relationship”, “supplier relationship”, “meeting basic needs”, and “access to services and inputs”. Meanwhile social performance is slightly below compliance standards found in the indicator of “wealth distribution”. The findings of this case study can also explain that good governance of smallholder oil palm plantation business partnerships can contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDGs 1, 2, 6, 8 and 12