Jurnal Puslitbang tekMira (Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara)
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PREPARATION OF NANO SILICA FROM SILICA SAND THROUGH ALKALI FUSION PROCESS
No full textSilica (SiO2) materials play an important role for industries, especially those in micron or even nano-scale size. The later has better properties and improves its quality. Nano silica is applied widely in building material, notably as a mixture of concrete. The material is also promising to be developed into amorphous nano silicon for solar cell materials. Indonesia has a lot of silica sand resources and faces a challenge to increase its quality into high product such as nano silica. Synthesizing silica nano through alkali fusion is a process that includes using the particles along with sodium hydroxide at temperature of 400-1100 °C then recrystalizing the molecules to get materials in nano size. The recrystalizing process was conducted by water leaching and filtration. The derived nano particles (gel) ranged between 40-60 nm. TEM characterization showed that the products are homoge- neous, well dispersed and has specific surface area around 157 m2/g
POTENCY OF MAKING THE CHEMICAL MANGANESE DIOXIDE (CMD) FROM EAST NUSA TENGGARA PYROLUSITE
No full textChemical manganese dioxide has not yet commercially developed in Indonesia. It is supplied by import sector. The fact that Indonesia has manganese resources as many as 60,893,820 tons is inconsistent with above condition. Research on CMD making employed pyrolusite as the raw material with size of - 100+150 mesh. The material was then reacted with sulfuric acid 6% and various concentration of molasses as reductant from 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 %. The manganese sulfate leachate was then purified using sodium hydroxide and then filtered to have a nonferrous manganese sulfate. The Mn was precipitated from manganese sulfate using sodium bicarbonate. The precipitated manganese carbonate was then calcined at 600°C by injecting the air at various flow rates (100, 200, 300, 400 cc/minute) and different calcination time (2, 3, 4 hours) to get manganese dioxide. The best extracted Mn reached 97.58% using 50% of molasses as a reductant. The precipitation of manganese carbonate had produced sodium carbonate as an impurity. The calcination had not yet changed the manganese carbonate into manganese dioxide due to extremely high calcination temperature
MANAGING THE PROBLEMS OF ARTISANAL AND SMALL-SCALE GOLD MINING AT SEKOTONG AREA, WEST LOMBOK
No full textArtisanal and small-scale mining of gold at Sekotong area, West Lombok is conducted illegally. This gold mining is one of the examples of the mining in this country that retains the issue root of social, economic and cultural community. This paper tries to assess the issue and its solution based on the survey result of the current issues team from the R&D Centre of Mineral and Coal Technology. Based on the assessment relating to the policy of regional spatial plan, the gold potential in the area should be allocated partly for the artisanal and small-scale mining (WPR) in accordance with Law Number 4 Year 2009. In the earlier growth, the mining needs guidance, education and training in either capital aspect, business or mining technique. That is why, the role of the regional government is absolutely required
SEVERAL EVALUATION AND ANALYTICAL INDICATORS OF REGIONAL AUTONOMY IMPLEMENTATION IMPACTS IN INDONESIA: ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
No full textIn general, the example of case study of the energy and mining company such as PT Bukit Asam (Tbk) in South Sumatera Province and PT INCO (Tbk) in South Sulawesi Province has positive impact to the regional economy in terms of the community development and economic productivity. Coordination between central and regional governments should set up grand strategy of increasing their in- tensive exploration program to identify the distribution, locality, quality and quantity of their energy and mineral resources in every region to develop its potentials and its mineral base downstream industries so instrumental to development in the near future, especially if they have resource endowments having optimal added value and positive terms of trade (TOT) or TOT greater than 1. In overall, it indicates that the energy and mineral resources (EMR) sector could be used as one of among the catalysts to achieve interregional convergence through “cross fertilization” toward the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita index. All in one purpose is to set up of creating job and income toward a welfare society
PETROGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF COAL SEAMS D (MERAPI) AND E (KELADI), MUARA ENIM FORMATION, SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN
No full textCoal seams D and E belong to the Muara Enim Formation in South Sumatra Basin, which includes to the Middle Miocene to Late Miocene. The research is located at the Air Laya coal mines, PTBA, Tanjung Enim, South Suma- tra. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of coal and coal depositional environments of Seam D (Merapi) and Seam E (Keladi). Observations were done on samples of coal from exploration drilling results from the Air Laya mining pit. The analysis is carried out by a petrographic analysis, which is supported by the results of coal vitrinite refl ectance.Petrographic characteristics indicate that both of seams D and E dominant macerals are vitrinite, the most dominant sub-group of vitrinite is telovitrinite. Inertinite in both seams consists of semifusinite, sclerotinite and inertodetrinite. Pyrite, clay mineral and carbonate are the main mineral in the seams. Vitrinite refl ectance (Rv- max,%) value shows similar rank of sub-bituminous to high volatile bituminous. Based on the results of coal depositional environment reconstruction using four parameters, which are the degree of preservation of plant tissue (TPI), the degree of Gelifi cation (GI), the degree of ground water infl uence (GWI) and vegetation aspects (VI), it is interpreted that seams D (Merapi) and E (Keladi) were deposited in upper delta plain depositional environment with ombrotrophic peat type
DOMESTIC MARKET OBLIGATION (DMO) POLICY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
No full textThe increasing of coal consumption in various industries in Indonesia causes the increasing of coal domestic demand. On the other hand, the sharp increasing of coal production almost 16 times during 17 years is exported (75%) in majority. By using the polynomial quadratic approach, in year 2025, coal production is projected as 741 million tons (176% to National Energy Policy target as 421 million tons), coal exports as 509.3 million tons (275% to National Energy Policy target as 185 million tons) and domestic demand as 236 million tons. This is in accordance with the National Energy Policy (KEN=Kebijakan Energi Nasional) target. The presence of Government Regulation Number 34 year 2009 on the Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) is a breakthrough to solve the above problems. It is a challenge for the government as a regulatory board to implement this policy. Some strategic alternatives to implement this policy is by using the Budget Activities Plan (Rencana Kegiatan Anggaran Belanja = RKAB) instruments optimally, control system effectivity, and punish- ment applying consistency