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Investigation on the Thermo-Regulating Fabric by Using Phase Change Material for Modern Textile Practical Application
Get PDFPhase change materials (PCM) which can store energy and increased thermal properties of fabric applied on over a narrow temperature range. It is antiphonal to temperature change by absorbing or releasing heat which is potential for human skin. PCM for Thermal Energy Storage (TES) are materials supplying thermal regulation and change particular phase in temperatures by absorbing and emitting medium condition heat. Polyethylene glycol (PEG-1000) is used as PCM in this experiment and we took a 2.5% concentration that was encapsulated by using an in-situ polymerization technique. PEG microcapsules are verified by measuring FTIR analysis and DSC studies. The heat storage capacity of 2.5% PEG coated fabric was determined to be 2842.5120 J/g and for binder coated fabric 1557.8 J/g by DSC analysis and FT-IR analysis of PEG microcapsules exhibited the highest peak at 3400-2400cm−1 this is the characteristic absorption peaks of –OH stretching vibrations and we got average stiffness values for binder coated is 0.49 (warp wise) and 0.57(weft wise) and for 2.5% PEG coated is 0.71(warp wise) and 0.98(weft wise). After that the treated fabrics were characterized with respect to their morphology and the laundering durability testing of 5 and 10 cycles was evaluated for practical use. In this paper we investigated about cooling effect of Fabric by using 2.5%. PCMs via the storage of latent heat by producing microcapsules showed higher thermal energy amount, than the binder coated fabric
The Effect of N,N-dimethylamylamine on the Properties of Reactive Dye Fixing Agent
Get PDFDiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) is very popular cationic monomer that is used to synthesize color-fixing agent. But this kind of fixing agent has some drawbacks. This paper reports to minimize those drawbacks by co-polymerizing with N,N-dimethylamylamine (DMAA). The effect was studied by varying the amount of DMAA with respect to main monomer DMDAAC. Also the effect of APS was observed on the polymer properties. The best polymer was found with DMDAAC and DMAA 61% and 1% respectively where the amount of APS was 0.5%. The synthesized agents were applied according to the industrial procedure on cotton woven fabric dyed with reactive dye. Color fastness to wash, color fastness to dry wet rub, change in K/S, lightness DE and overall color differences DE were observed to evaluate the synthesized agents
Multifunctional Transactivator of Transcription (Tat) Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 as a Potential Drug Target
Get PDFThe HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein plays a pivotal role in the infectious lifecycle of human immunodeficiency virus-1. The objective of this study is to find the degree of conservation of the Tat protein and to detect conserved binding sites, which might be used as target sites for potential anti-Tat drugs. The conservation analysis was based on 3,365 amino acid sequences for Tat protein. The conservation analysis revealed a number of conserved and variable residues. The universally conserved residues identified in this study might be involved in either structure stabilizing or protein-protein interactions. The novel conserved residues which have been identified are Lys88, Lys89, Val91, Glu92, Glu94 and Thr95. Along with conservational analysis, structural analysis revealed novel binding sites, namely Cys22, Cys25, Cys27, Cys30, His33, Cys34, Cys37; Ile45, Lys51, Arg53, Gln54, Arg55; Gly44, Arg49, Lys50; Asp2, Val4, Ile8 and Met1, Pro3, Val4, Ile45, Tyr47, Lys50, Lys51, Arg52, Arg53. The outcome of this study provides the basis for developing anti-Tat drugs which have abridged potential to induce drug resistance through mutations
Caesarean Section with Spinal Anesthesia and Postspinal Headache
Get PDFPurpose: To find out ‘what is the leading cause of postpartum headache in patients undergoing caesarean section with spinal anesthesia under elective conditions?’Methods: Our study was conducted with retrospective, controlled assessment of 304 patients who underwent caesarean section with spinal anesthesia under elective conditions at our institution between 1 June 2012 and 1 November 2012. The patients were assessed in terms of postpartum headache. They were divided into 2 groups: the group with headache versus the group without headache (the latter was the control group). Both groups were compared with respect to age, body mass index (BMI), number of previous pregnancies, indications for caesarean section, the spinal needle used during spinal anesthesia, preoperative and postoperative amount of fluid administration, and mobilization time.Results: None of the factors that are effective in development of headache, i.e. age, multiparity, the indication for caesarean section, BMI, and needle type, was statistically significant in logistic regression analysis. Only the needle type was significantly related to headache in Chi-Square test. All headache episodes were mild and improved with conservative therapy. We did not find any difference between groups with respect to age, BMI, number of previous pregnancies, indications for caesarean section, preoperative and postoperative amount of fluid administration, and mobilization time.Conclusion: In patients undergoing cesarean section with spinal anesthesia under elective conditions the main cause of headache is the type of the spinal needle used
Comprehensive Invasive and Noninvasive Approach to Diagnosis and Management of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Get PDFIn the United States, lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer mortality, with nearly 160,000 deaths estimated in 2014. Of newly diagnosed lung cancers, approximately 85% are non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and NSCLC can often be distinguished based on clinical presentation and imaging findings. When SCLC is suspected, the diagnosis is typically established using noninvasive or minimally invasive means, and treatment is dictated by a dichotomous disease characterization: limited stage versus extensive stage disease
Potential Immunotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guerin Expressing Prostate Specific Molecules
Get PDFPurpose: The emergence of prostate cancer as a major health issue and the absence of curative treatment for metastatic disease requires the development of new treatment modalities. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) are possible targets for prostate cancer immunotherapy. We have previously shown that PSA and PSMA can be expressed in recombinant bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains.Methods: The in vivo immunogenicity of the prostate-specific proteins produced by this recombinant BCG strain were examined by detection of specific antibody responses and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses in mice vaccinated with these strains. These immune responses were compared with those of control mice vaccinated with phosphate buffered saline diluent or soluble PSA or PSMA.Results: Mice vaccinated with rBCG-PSA developed low levels of anti-PSA antibodies and strong DTH to PSA. Mice vaccinated with rBCG-PSMA developed strong DTH to PSMA and no anti-PSMA antibodies. Conclusions: We conclude that recombinant BCG expressing PSA or PSMA induce strong cellular immune responses to these antigens. We propose that the innate adjuvant capacity of BCG could help stimulate a specific immune response against prostate-specific proteins produced by the bacteria, which in turn, could lead to the eradication of undetected metastatic prostate cancer cells in post-surgical patients
Increasing Jaundice Secondary to an Acute Toxic Hepatitis Induced by Levofloxacin in a 20-year-old Man with a Fibrolamellar Hepatocarcinoma
Get PDFIntroduction: Levofloxacin-induced liver injury is rare and usually mild and transient. Presentations in the form of acute fulminant hepatitis are extremely uncommon.Presentation of the case: We report the case of a 20-year old man with a fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (fHCC), with affected retroperitoneal lymph nodes but no hepatic disease involvement. After receiving levofloxacin for the treatment of a community-acquired pneumonia, he developed hyperbilirrubinemia and abnormal liver function tests in the context of an acute cholestasic toxic hepatitis. In spite of optimal supportive treatment, that included admission in the Intensive Unit Care and extracorporeal albumin dialysis detoxification, the patient developed a rapidly progressive liver failure and died a month after the beginning of the process. The necropsy findings confirmed extensive drug-induced hepatic necrosis. No liver involvement by the fHCC was found in the autopsy.Conclusion: Rarer intercurrent conditions, such as drug-induced hepatotoxicity, should be taken into account in cancer patients with deranged liver function tests, even in those patients with advanced disease.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung Presenting as Unilateral Blindness: A Case Report
Get PDFIntroduction: Lung cancer is the most common cause of death among cancers. Over 55% have distant metastasis at presentation. Intraocular metastasis is a rare site of spread. It is extremely unusual for lung cancer to present primarily with features of choroidal involvement before any respiratory symptoms are manifest.Case Report: A 53 year old lady presented with protrusion of the left eye followed by sudden unilateral painless loss of vision one month later. She was diagnosed to have a left retinal detachment due to a choroidal mass in the left eye. Enucleation was done and showed a metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary. Immunohistochemistry was suggestive of adenocarcinoma with primary in the lung. She had a right mid-lobe lesion for which biopsy was attempted but failed. She also had multiple skeletal metastases and small lesions in the liver. Mutation analysis on the enucleation specimen was positive for exon 19 mutation of EGFR gene and she was started on single agent oral gefitinib 250mg daily and bisphosphonates. Reassessment done 3 months showed reduction in the size of the primary lung lesion with resolution of the liver lesions. Skeletal lesions remained the same.Conclusion: This case of choroidal metastasis presenting with retinal detachment demonstrates a very rare initial presentation of adenocarcinoma of the lung and highlights the need to look for a primary in the lung in cases of choroidal metastasis
Influence of Multi-walled Carbon nanotube on Physical Properties of Epoxy/Cement Nanocomposite
Get PDFThe research effort described in this paper is related to the glycidyl end-capped poly(bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) and white Portland cement nanocomposites. The effect of adding carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the properties of polymer/cement composites was considered. The physical parameters considered were morphology, absorptivity, compressive strength, and compressive modulus of the epoxy/cement‑based nanocomposites. Two type of significant interaction operated in epoxy/MWCNT composites i.e. π‒π interaction and hydrogen bonding. In all the nanocomposites, the absorptivity was incessantly increased with time. One of the most striking features of the absorbent polymer-cement composite was viewed by scanning electron microscopic (SEM). The carbon nanotube was evenly distributed in the epoxy/cement matrix and there was the lack of defects such as air bubbles and cracks. The compressive strength and modulus were affected primarily by the nanotube loading and interaction between polymeric phase as well as MWCNT addition. Moreover, the cement addition in epoxy phase was important to increase the mechanical properties of the materials
Alkaline Protease Bioprocess Optimization through Response Surface Methodology for Alkaliphilic Bacillus subtilis SHmIIIa Mutant Strain from Warangal-Telangana
Get PDFThe present investigations were carried out to enhance the alkaline protease production by a mutant strain Bacillus subtilis SH2 isolated from slaughter house soils of Warangal and improved through two-tier mutagenesis first by UV and then HNO2. Initially three efficient mutants with over production of alkaline protease were identified and among them only one stable mutant SHmIIIa was selected for further improvement through popular Response Surface Methodology of the FFCCD. Only X2 agitation, X6 KH2PO4 and interactive effects of X3*X3 inoculum, X4*X5 glucose and peptone have shown a significant improvement. The maximum alkaline protease production was achieved with the medium containing of X1 pH 9.8; X2 agitation 237.5 rpm; X3, inoculum size 4%; X4, glucose 6 g/L; X5, peptone 4g/L and X6, KH2PO4 2 g/L; under batch fermentative conditions with 33.33 fold increase