E-Journal Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
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Political Conflict in the Umayyad Era (661-1031 AD)
Get PDFThe study of conflict in the Umayyad era is very important to be studied in more depth. This is because the study never stops being debated. The purpose of this paper is to understand 3 things: First, the paradigm of political conflict in the Umayyad era. Second, internal and external factors that influenced political conflict in the Umayyad era. Third, the positive and negative implications of political conflict in the Umayyad era on Islamic society. The method used is qualitative research with a library research approach. The results found 3 things: First, there are 6 forms of paradigm: (1) Conflict (2) Resistance (3) Struggle (4) Feud (5) Transfer of power (6) Violence and deceit. Second, internally, there are 6 factors that influence political conflict in the Umayyad era: (1) Leadership incompetence (2) Government system (3) Expansion of power (4) Equality of interest (5) Political interests (6) Leadership principles. Externally, there are 2 factors that influence: (1) Political pressure (2) Invasion from other countries. Third, there are 5 positive implications for muslims: (1) Military strength (2) Territorial expansion (3) Administrative institutions (4) Lighthouse of world civilization (5) Official language. Meanwhile, there are 3 negative implications: (1) The collapse of power (2) The growth of Muslims was hampered (3) Fierce debate arose. The conclusion of this article shows that it provides new insights and views on political conflict in the Umayyad era
Nature's Chronicle: Geo-History and Artefacts Distribution in the Economic Patterns of Jayawarsa's Sovereignty (1186-1204 CE)
Get PDFEvery culture develops based on geographical conditions where deepening with historical geography is needed to see the pattern of social life of the community. The social life of the ancient Javanese community formed a structured pattern based on economic, social, political, and religious aspects, one of which was in the Jayawarsa territory. Previous research was only limited to textual contexts such as inscriptions and kakawin so that it has not explored other factors such as geographical conditions and cultural heritage itself in the form of artifacts. This research examines the economic pattern and social life of the community in the reign of Sri Jayawarsa through Geohistorical approach with variables of History and Geography. Based on geographical, archaeological, and inscription interpretation data, this research reconstructs the community structure formed around Sirah Keteng site and Mruwak Village. The historical geography approach highlights human interaction with their environment in building spatial systems, economic patterns and cosmological orientation. The results also show the existence of a community pattern involving people's settlements, the territory of the clergy, and royal land grants. This study can enrich the understanding of the interrelation of spatial and cultural aspects in the development of the social and economic structure of the Jayawarsa period
KEPEMIMPINAN NON MUSLIM DALAM SYARIAH ISLAM
Get PDFLeadership in Islam is an urgent matter. When the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) passed away, the first action taken by his companions was to choose a leader to succeed him—not as a prophet or messenger, but as a caliph to lead the community. The governance of a state in accordance with Islamic law, the enforcement of justice without discrimination, all depend on the leader. Thus, choosing a leader is not a trivial or easy matter, especially when the leader is a non-Muslim or disbeliever, while the majority of the people being led are Muslims. Sheikh Yusuf Qaradawi stated in his Contemporary Fatwas that when someone casts their vote for a leader, they are essentially testifying that the person is qualified to lead the Muslim community. This choice will be held accountable by Allah Almighty on the promised Day of Judgment
MODEL-MODEL HUBUNGAN AGAMA DAN NEGARA
Get PDFThis article aims to provide know ledge and insight into the concept of Islam andthe dif erences between religious law and state law according to various expertopinions. The writing method adopted by this article is library research. The typeof data from this method is obtained from data collections or scientific writingwhich has the aim of solving a problem that occurs through critical and in-depthresearch on relevant library data. Data also comes from other research-relatedsources. This paper uses text approach to determine how the model of political thought possessed by Ali Abdurraziq. In addition, it also used the sociological approach to see the extent of originality of Abdurraziq thought. In the map of the contemporary Islamic political thought, especially in the study of the relationshipbetween religion and the state, is found three patterns of thought; secularist,traditionalists and reformers. Based on this pattern, Ali Abdurraziq thought can be categorized as a secularist thought
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Eksploitasi Anak Di Media Sosial
Get PDFThe issue of child exploitation is on the rise, along with the increasing cases of child exploitation on digital platforms. This research aims to analyze the forms of child exploitation that occur, as well as the available legal protection efforts. Based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI), around 60% of cases of sexual exploitation and child labor involve social media, showing that technology can be a means of abuse. (muslem 2022). In the legal context, Law No. 35/2014 on Child Protection regulates children's rights to protection from all forms of exploitation, both economic and sexual. Every child has the right to be protected from actions that are detrimental to their physical and mental development. (harahap 2024). Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) Commissioner Ai Maryati Solihah conveyed KPAI's findings on child victims of exploitation and child labor from January to April 2021. According to her, in 2020 alone the criminal act of trafficking in persons (TPPO) and exploitation reached 149 cases. The details are 28 cases of trafficking, 29 cases of child prostitution, 23 cases of commercial sexual exploitation of children (ESKA), 54 victims of child labor, 11 cases of illegal adoption, and 4 cases of children involved in TPPO. (KPAI 2021) Keywords: Legal Protection, Child Exploitation, Social Media. Abstrakuntuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk eksploitasi anak yang terjadi, serta upaya perlindungan hukum yang tersedia. Berdasarkan data dari Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI), sekitar 60% kasus eksploitasi seksual dan pekerja anak melibatkan sosial media, menunjukkan bahwa teknologi dapat menjadi sarana penyalahgunaan. (muslem 2022). Dalam konteks hukum, Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak mengatur hak-hak anak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan dari segala bentuk eksploitasi, baik ekonomi maupun seksual. Setiap anak berhak dilindungi dari tindakan yang merugikan perkembangan fisik dan mental mereka. (harahap 2024). Omisioner Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI) Ai Maryati Solihah mengungkapkan temuan KPAI mengenai anak-anak yang menjadi korban eksploitasi dan pekerja anak dari Januari hingga April 2021. Ia menyatakan bahwa pada tahun 2020, jumlah kasus tindak pidana perdagangan orang (TPPO) dan eksploitasi mencapai 149 kasus. Rincian kasus tersebut mencakup 28 kasus perdagangan, 29 kasus prostitusi anak, 23 kasus eksploitasi seksual komersial anak (ESKA), 54 anak sebagai korban pekerja, 11 kasus adopsi ilegal, dan 4 kasus anak yang terlibat dalam TPPO. (KPAI 2021) Kata kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Eksploitasi Anak, Sosial media
Marketing Management of Microfinance at Bank Aceh Syariah
Get PDFThis study aims to analyse the marketing management of Microfinance at Bank Aceh Syariah. The research method used is qualitative with interview techniques. The results found that the marketing strategy of Bank Aceh Syariah Samudera Branch on iB microfinance is carried out by providing several alternative channels that customers can choose from to obtain financing, employees who provide good service and are responsive. In addition, the bank provides attractive margins to customers every time there is a promo, displays the superiority of the quality and quality of these products, the varied prices offered to customers, the location or place of the bank which is well arranged for the convenience of customers and a strategic location. Advertising is done through brochures, digital media and other social media, then direct sales-based sales. There are several obstacles in implementing Bank Aceh Syariah's marketing strategy in iB microfinance, namely the cancellation of financing applications by other parties, problematic collateral such as disputed land and building certificates, impatient customers, and lack of vehicles to reach customers who are far away.Keyword: Marketing, Management, Microfinance and Bank Aceh Shari
EFFORT PENGUATAN MUTU MADRASAH SWASTA MENUJU MADRASAH UNGGUL
No full textAbstractUpaya penguatan mutu madrasah harus terus diintensifkan, berbagai masalah madrasah harus dicarikan solusinya atau penyelesaiannya. Manajemen madrasah harus dilaksanakan secara professional, dan kepemimpinan kepala madrasah harus dioptimalkan, serta mampu menghidupkan wirausaha di madrasah.Tujuan penguatan mutu madrasah harus terus diupayakan, yaitu menjadikan madrasah yang berprestasi dan unggul, dengan indikator prestasi akademik dan non akademik di atas rata-rata, seperti sarana dan prasarana dan layanan lebih lengkap, sistem pembelajaran lebih baik, seleksi penerimaan cukup ketat, mendapat animo yang besar dari masyarakat dan tersedia dana yang cukup.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif, yaitu metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi objek yang alamiah (natural setting). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan mutu madrasah dilakukan dengan manajemen professional, mengoptimalkan kepemimpinan kepala madrasah, dan menumbuhkan wirausaha di madrasah.Kesimpulan penelitian ini meliputi pengelolaan madrasah dengan sistem manajemen professional, kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dan wirausaha madrasah. Kata Kunci : Penguatan Mutu, Madrasah Unggul
JUYNBOLL
Get PDFPenelitian ini mengeksplorasi kontribusi penting Muhammad Juynboll dalam studi hadis, dengan fokus pada metodologi kritis yang dia terapkan. Juynboll dikenal karena pendekatannya yang sistematis dalam menganalisis sanad dan matan hadis, serta perhatian terhadap konteks historis dan sosial yang melingkupi perkembangan hadis. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini menganalisis karya-karya Juynboll dan membandingkannya dengan pemikiran para ulama lain dalam bidang yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Juynboll tidak hanya memperkaya khazanah studi hadis, tetapi juga mendorong pengembangan metodologi dalam penelitian agama secara lebih luas. Temuan ini mengajak peneliti untuk lebih kritis dalam memahami teks-teks keagamaan dan implikasinya terhadap praktik keagamaan di masyarakat.o
HADIS-HADIS KONTRADIKTIF:LARANGAN DAN KEBOLEHAN PENULISAN HADIS
Get PDFThe hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) are the primary source of Islamic teachings after the Qur'an, serving as a guide for Muslims. However, throughout history, contradictions have emerged among various hadiths, leading to debates regarding their authenticity, interpretation, and validity. One of the main issues of discussion is the prohibition and permissibility of writing hadiths. In the early period of Islam, the recording of hadiths was strictly limited, even prohibited, to prevent any distortion or deviation from the pure teachings of Islam. Over time, the documentation of hadiths was allowed under strict conditions and procedures to prevent the spread of fabricated hadiths. The debate over this prohibition and permissibility reflects the Muslim community’s effort to preserve the authenticity of the Prophet’s teachings while also facing challenges in verifying and filtering contradictory hadiths. This abstract discusses the background, factors contributing to the emergence of contradictory hadiths, and the historical and scholarly developments surrounding the prohibition and permissibility of hadith documentation. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the complexity of contradictory hadiths and their implications for religious practices and the advancement of hadith studies
Digitalisasi Konstitusi Dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Get PDFKonstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia hingga saat ini belum terdigitalisasi secara optimal, sehingga masyarakat masih menghadapi berbagai kendala dalam memahami dan mengakses regulasi yang berlaku. Padahal, Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2022 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan (UUP3) telah memberikan dasar hukum bagi pelaksanaan digitalisasi, dengan pengaturan bahwa pembentukan peraturan dapat dilakukan secara elektronik dan memiliki kekuatan hukum yang setara dengan bentuk cetak, sementara tata cara pembentukannya diatur melalui Peraturan DPR, Peraturan DPD, dan Peraturan Presiden. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif untuk menjawab tiga pertanyaan utama: (1) bagaimana pengaturan ideal digitalisasi konstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan, (2) seperti apa desain sistem informasi digital yang sesuai, dan (3) bagaimana implementasinya di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan digitalisasi masih bersifat parsial dan belum menyeluruh, sehingga diperlukan harmonisasi regulasi dan integrasi lintas lembaga. Desain sistem informasi digital yang ideal harus mengedepankan kemudahan akses, antarmuka yang sederhana, serta penyediaan table of contents dan fitur pencarian yang efektif. Implementasi sistem digital ini diharapkan dapat menjamin hak warga negara atas informasi hukum, memperkuat prinsip keterbukaan, serta mendukung pemenuhan hak atas digitalisasi (the right of digitalization). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan revisi terhadap Undang-Undang tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan serta modernisasi sistem digital pada seluruh website resmi pemerintah yang menyediakan informasi peraturan perundang-undangan, agar akses hukum yang adil dan merata dapat terwujud di era digital