International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine
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In-vitro antioxidant, anticancer, wound healing activity profile on aerial parts of Phyllanthus reticulatus poir.
Full text linkBackground: Antioxidants and anticancer herbs play a major role in preventing and curing current life-threatening disorders due to their cell damage repair properties. Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. is a shrub, growing commonly in tropical areas, aerial parts (PRAP) of which are used for malignancy, wound healing, and as a rejuvenator. Materials and Methods: PRAP was collected, aqueous extract of the Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. leaves (PRL) was screened for antioxidant (free radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay), anticancer activity (MTT assay), and wound healing activity on HEK 293 cell line as per standard protocol. Results: Both free radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay have shown positive results, compared to Vitamin C, in higher concentrations. In the MTT assay, as the concentration of test drug extract increased from lower to higher (1 to 5000 µg/mL), % viability was gradually decreased up to 5.3 %, thus showing better cytotoxic activity. This study proved the efficacy of PRL as an antioxidant, anticancer, and wound healing activity agent. Conclusion: Drugs possessing antioxidant, wound healing, and anticancer activities is the need of the hour to prevent lethal diseases like malignancy. Aqueous extract of aerial parts P. reticulatus has shown promising results in the pre-clinical model, which can be taken for further study
Ayurvedic management of recurrent unilateral central serous retinopathy with neurosensory detachment: A case report
Full text linkCentral Serous Retinopathy (CSR) is a retinal disorder caused by subretinal fluid accumulation leading to serous detachment of the neurosensory retina, often involving the macular region. It usually presents with sudden, painless visual impairment, image distortion, and central scotoma. Major predisposing factors include psychological stress, hypertension, prolonged corticosteroid use, and a type A personality. Conventional therapy such as anti‑VEGF injections, laser photocoagulation, or observation primarily offers symptomatic relief but does not prevent recurrence and may risk retinal damage. In Ayurvedic context, CSR resembles Sannipatika Timir described under Drishtipatalagata Rogas, caused by vitiation of Tridosha affecting the inner ocular layers. A 43‑year‑old male presented with blurred and double vision, central dark spot, insomnia, constipation, and stress for 25 days and was diagnosed with CSR in the left eye. He underwent Panchakarma therapy including Netra Basti and Shirodhara, along with internal medicines—Punarnavadi Kashaya, Gandharvahasthadi Kashaya, and Chandraprabha Vati for 20 days. Following treatment, vision improved from 6/12 to 6/6 with complete resolution of macular edema confirmed on optical coherence tomography. One‑year follow‑up showed no recurrence. The case highlights the potential of Ayurvedic management in promoting retinal recovery and preventing CSR relapse naturally
Protective effects of green tea catechins against diabetogenic cataract by inhibiting lens oxidative stress and aldose reductase activity
Full text linkAim and Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the anticataract activity of green tea catechins like green tea extract (GTE), catechin, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against glucose-induced cataract model in goat lens. Methodology: The goat lenses were incubated in artificial aqueous humor containing a high concentration of glucose (55 mM) with green tea catechins at different concentrations (50, 100, and 200 µg/mL) and after eight hours anticataract activity was assessed against the glucose control group contains a high concentration of glucose only. The antioxidant activity was assessed by using DPPH and hydrogen peroxide assay. The aldose reductase inhibitory activity was performed using an ex-vivo model in goat lenses. Results and Discussion: The results showed green tea catechins considerably retained the lens transparency and reduced the progression of cataract maturation. Green tea catechins significantly restore the lenticular oxidative stress markers (CAT, SOD, GSH, and MDA) and protein contents, when compared to the glucose control group. Moreover, results indicated that EGCG had better anticataract activity than GTE and catechin, which might be due to its potent and better antioxidant and aldose inhibitory activity, which was observed in the study. Conclusion: The results concluded that green tea catechins, particularly EGCG, efficiently prevent or delay cataract development and might be a potential candidate in the future
Formulation and characterization of a micro-transferosomal cream incorporating Uraria picta extract for enhanced topical anti-inflammatory efficacy
Full text linkUraria picta, a medicinal herb traditionally used in Ayurveda, possesses notable anti-inflammatory potential attributed to its flavonoids, terpenoids, and sterols. However, its clinical application in topical therapy is limited by poor solubility and skin permeation. This study aimed to formulate and characterize a micro-transferosomal cream incorporating U. picta extract to enhance dermal delivery and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Methanolic leaf extract was prepared via ultrasonic extraction, phytochemically screened, and evaluated in silico for Cyclooxygenase receptor (COX) inhibition. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities for beta amyrone and rhoifolin, surpassing diclofenac, with favorable toxicity profiles. Transferosomes were prepared using soya lecithin and Span 80, characterized microscopically, and incorporated into cream bases (F1–F6). The formulations displayed uniform vesicles (11–45 µm), stable physicochemical properties (pH 7.2–7.5), smooth consistency, and no phase separation. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity, assessed via protein denaturation inhibition, showed significant efficacy of U. picta extract (IC₅₀ = 0.34±0.22 mg/ml) compared to diclofenac (IC₅₀ = 0.47±0.29 mg/ml). Formulations with optimized vesicle size demonstrated superior spreadability and stability. The results indicate that micro-transferosomal delivery substantially enhances the topical potential of U. picta extract, offering a promising platform for natural anti-inflammatory therapeutics
Mushroom Extracts in the Management of Diabetes: A Systematic Review with Special Reference to Oyster Mushrooms
Full text linkA multifactorial metabolic illness with a significant risk of death called diabetes mellitus is defined by elevated blood glucose levels. The quality of life, the health care system, and the economics of nations are all significantly impacted by diabetes and its persistent problems. There are numerous commercial medications available today that are successful in treating hyperglycemia but have several substantial side effects and are unable to appreciably modify the course of diabetes complications. Mushrooms and their bioactive constituents like polysaccharides and terpenoids, are useful in the cure of diabetes mellitus. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the effects of mushrooms on diabetes. Details on relevant studies were examined using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) norms. Although the mechanism of Pleurotus mushrooms in treating diabetes is still unknown, the anti-diabetic properties of many other species of oyster mushrooms have not been thoroughly researched. More research on edible medicinal mushrooms is required to close the research gap and use their clinical potential to prevent metabolic diseases
Health and Demographic Profile of Scheduled Tribes in Selected Areas of Thiruvallur and Thiruvannamalai Districts, Tamil Nadu: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkThe Scheduled Tribe (ST) population of Tamil Nadu, accounting for approximately 7.95 lakh individuals (1.1% of the state\u27s population), faces significant barriers in accessing quality and affordable healthcare. Limited research exists on their socio-economic and health conditions, underscoring the need for comprehensive data to address their specific needs. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and evaluate the overall health and demographic profile of the ST population in eight ST-dominant Panchayat areas of Thiruvallur and Thiruvannamalai districts. The key focus was to explore socio-demographic determinants and risk factors associated with NCDs in these communities. A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2020 and March 2021 in selected ST-dominant regions. Data were collected through door-to-door surveys and face-to-face interviews using a structured survey format, following informed consent procedures. Information on NCD prevalence, risk factors, and socio-demographic profiles was documented. The study included 7,074 participants from 1,729 households, comprising 50.7% males and 49.3% females. Among adults, 50.27% were illiterate, and 99.86% reported a non-vegetarian diet. Identified risk factors included smoking (13.22%), alcohol consumption (10.70%), and tobacco use (2.43%). The prevalence of NCDs was 8.98%, with conditions such as diabetes, osteoarthritis, stroke, and asthma being common. This study highlights the impact of inadequate infrastructure, unbalanced diets, lack of access to clean drinking water, poor ventilation, ineffective drainage systems, and addiction on the health of the ST population. The findings provide valuable insights to inform targeted interventions and policy measures aimed at improving living conditions and health outcomes in these communities
The Great Conjunction of the Great Kumbh
Full text linkThe Mahakumbh at Prayagraj, held every 12 years, is a massive religious event that draws millions of devotees from around the world. The 2025 edition of the Mahakumbh was expected to surpass 50 crore attendees, making it a global spectacle. However, it has crossed 66 crore. The event, which culminates in sacred bathing rituals at the confluence of the Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati, is deeply rooted in Hindu traditions, with spiritual merit and divine blessings being central to its significance. The Mahakumbh’s grandeur is enhanced by astrological alignments, such as the rare "Amrit Yog," which is believed to imbue the waters with nectar-like qualities. The event has evolved over time, especially since India\u27s independence, gaining international recognition and attracting pilgrims from diverse backgrounds. Additionally, the event has significant economic impacts, with investments in infrastructure, including roads, railways, and airports, leading to an economic boost for Uttar Pradesh. The Mahakumbh serves as a hub of spirituality, culture, and tourism, contributing to the state’s growth while offering devotees an unparalleled opportunity for spiritual and physical purification
Mahakumbh 2025: A Divine Confluence of Traditions, Rituals, and Spiritual Essence
Full text linkMahakumbh 2025, the world’s largest spiritual congregation, is deeply rooted in the tradition of ritual bathing in the sacred waters of the Ganga at Triveni Sangam. This practice is not only a religious observance but also carries scientific significance. Millions of devotees believe that bathing in the holy river during this auspicious period cleanses sins and paves the path to Moksha. However, modern research also highlights the antibacterial and self-cleansing properties of the Ganga, making this ritual a blend of faith and science. Bathing during Mahakumbh is believed to align with cosmic and environmental factors, enhancing immunity, reducing stress, and promoting mental clarity. Cold water immersion further activates the parasympathetic nervous system, improving circulation and overall well-being. Auspicious days such as Makar Sankranti, Mauni Amavasya, and Maghi Purnima witness the largest gatherings for the Shahi Snan (royal bath), where saints and devotees participate in this transformative ritual. The culmination of the event on Maha Shivaratri marks the final holy bath, symbolizing spiritual renewal. Thus, Mahakumbh 2025 not only upholds ancient traditions but also offers a scientific rationale for ritualistic bathing, reinforcing its positive impact on both spiritual and physical well-being
Acute oral Toxicity Study of Sharpunkhadi granules on Swiss Albino Rats - A novel herbal formulation for Sickle Cell Anemia
Full text linkBackground: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common global monogenic disorders with an autosomal recessive inheritance. It has been estimated that, between 2010 and 2050, about 14.2 million babies will be born with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Hydroxyurea, an essential anticancer drug is one of the most promising drugs for this condition used in present. However, decreased production of platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells are the major known side effects of Hydroxyurea. Objectives: To determine median lethal dose of Sharpunkhadi granules when administered a single dose to rats, followed by an observation period of 14 days. Material and method: Sharpunkhadi granules is a novel self-designed formulation comprised of 8 herbs which possess Anticancer, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidant, Immunomodulator, Analgesic and Hepatoprotective activities. The acute toxicity study of Sharpunkhadi granules was conducted as per the OECD Guideline for the testing of Acute Toxic Class Method No.423. Results: No mortality was observed in all treated rats at the dose level of 2000mg/kg B.wt. Based on the results, single oral administration of sharpunkhadi granules in female wistar rats at a dose level 2000 mg/kg b.wt. did not result in any mortality under the conditions and procedures followed in the study. Hence the LD50 cut off value for the test item was 5000 mg/kg b.wt. or infinitive. Conclusion: It was concluded that the novel herbal Sharpunkhadi granules are safe and might be a potential management option for Sickle Cell Anemia
In-Silico unveiling of Pandanus amaryllifolius as a Cardioprotective Agent in Azithromycin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Full text linkThis study investigates the cardioprotective potential of Pandanus amaryllifolius (pandan) leaf extract against azithromycin-induced cardiotoxicity, utilizing in-silico methods to uncover its key phytochemicals and mechanisms of action. The PubChem online database was used to obtain the 3D structures of all phytocompounds, which were then optimized using the MMFF94 force field. A comprehensive screening of phytochemicals using databases such as IMPPAT identified 94 compounds present in pandan leaves, of which 9 satisfied Lipinski\u27s rule of five, indicating strong drug-likeness. Further target prediction and network analysis revealed that 40 genes were common between the cardiotoxicity-related targets and the active compounds. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted critical signaling pathways, including HIF-1 and PI3K-Akt, as significant modulators of the protective effects. Among the identified compounds, Pandamarilactone-1 and Pandamarine exhibited particularly strong molecular interactions with key proteins such as MAPK1 and PIK3R1. These interactions were validated through molecular docking studies, which demonstrated strong binding affinities, and molecular dynamics simulations, which confirmed stable protein-ligand complexes. The findings suggest that P. amaryllifolius may counteract cardiotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and targeting key pathways involved in cardiac damage. This study positions pandan leaf extract as a promising therapeutic candidate not only for drug-induced cardiotoxicity but also for broader cardiovascular conditions, providing a foundation for further research and development.