International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine
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Shaddharanayoga (SD) Churna in the management of Adhi-rakthachapaya (Hypertension): A Case series
Get PDFPoly herbal Ayurveda medicine Shaddharanayoga (SD) consists six drugs including Plumbago indica L., Holarrhena pubescens L., Cissampelos pareira L., Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell., Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. and Terminalia chebula Retz. Though SD is mentioned in Ayurveda authentic texts for abdominal diseases (Amashagatha vatha), commonly used to treat Hypertension (Adhi-rakthachapaya). Present study focused on literary survey, laboratory tests to analyze physical parameters of SD Churna (powder) and case series to find therapeutic efficacy of SD Churna on ten patients in age group 30-70 years with BP ≥ 140/90mmHg and not taking any medications for HTN. SD Churna was prescribed for six days and BP was measured before and after treatment. Literature survey revealed that SD is prominent with Thiktha rasa (bitter taste), Laghu guna (light property), Ushna veerya (hot potency) and Katu vipaka (pungent final digestive transformation). This helps to reduce pathogenesis of Adhi-rakthachapaya by acting on vitiated Kapha, Vatha doshas and Medo dhathvagni lowering Medovriddhi. After proper identification and authentication, SD Churna was prepared according to drug recipe in Bhava Prakasha and analyzed for physical parameters. SD Churna was a moderately coarse powder having particle size ranging from <500µm - >250µm with an acidic pH of 4.74. Moisture content which gives an idea about shelf life was 0.2817% and Ash value was also tested. Results of case study showed reduction in blood pressure and other abdominal conditions like loss of appetite and constipation. Study will be proceeded to further clinical studies and laboratory investigations to analyze chemical components of SD Churna.
Association of Anaemia & Urinary Tract Infections with Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) – A matched case-control study carried out at Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
Get PDFBackground: Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) is a chronic progressive disease, resulted from the conglomeration of Ama and aggrevated Vata dosha which gets lodged in the small joints followed by large joints. If it is left untreated, may cause various complications in the form of Vataja diseases in which Raktadhatu kshaya (Anaemia) and Mutrakricchra (Urinary Tract Infection) are predominant. But it needs robust evidence to revalidate the same. Aim & Objective: To evaluate the association of Raktadhatu kshaya (Anaemia) and Mutrakricchra (Urinary Tract Infection) with Amavata (~Rheumatoid Arthritis). Materials & Methods: A case-control study was conducted from 18.04.2018 to 09.01.2020, containing 155 cases (patients of Amavata), and 163 controls (healthy volunteers), matching in age (between 18 to 50 years), and sex, selected from Jamnagar district. Health Assessment proforma of TRISUTRA project CSIR-AYURGENOMICS for health assessment, ACR, 1987 Criteria for RA diagnosis were used. Chi-square test was applied to find the association of Raktadhatu kshaya (Anaemia) and Mutrakricchra (Urinary Tract Infection) with Amavata whereas Unpaired or Mann-whitney U test was applied to compare the hematological parameters between case and control group. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the mean values of haemoglobin, total leukocyte count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes, MCV, MCH, MCHC, PCV, total RBC count, and platelet count among both the groups. Microcytic and Dimorphic Anaemia were substantially higher (P<0.0001) in the Amavata patients than in the controls (χ2 value=24.814). The prevalence of UTI (presence of pus cells in the urine) was found significantly more (P<0.0001) in Amavata patients than healthy individuals (χ2 value=45.347). Conclusion: Anaemia and Urinary tract infections are strongly associated with Amavata (~Rheumatoid Arthritis)
Pakshaghata (Hemiparesis) management - Cerebral Vascular Event (CVE) Through Panchakarma, Shamana treatment and Physiotherapy - A Case Report
Get PDFBackground: Cerebrovascular complaint is the third most common cause of death in high-income countries after cancers and ischemic heart complaint and the most common cause of severe physical disability. In India, studies estimate that prevalence of stroke varies from 116 to 163 per population. According to ICMR, stroke is the 4th leading cause of death and the 5th leading cause of disability acclimated lifetime (DALY). Stroke is the most common clinical incarnation of Cerebrovascularcomplaint and results in occurrences of brain dysfunction due to focal ischemia or Haemorrhage. Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH) and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) will be bandied independently since their pathophysiology, clinical instantiations, and operation are distinct from a stroke. Material &Methods: An 83 years old male K/ H/ O HTNwas diagnosed with an AvaranajanyaPakshaghata with a clinical point. There was a loss of function in the left lower and upper limbs. He was not able to stand without proper support. He was having weakness of the left upper and lower limbs. He was treated with Shaman Chikitsa followed by ShodhanChikitsa as SarvanagaAbhyanga, Marsha Nasya, ShashtiShaliPindaSwedana, Shirodhara, AnuvasanaBasti, and NiruhaBasti for 15 days. Result: The patient was assessed with gold standard stroke parameters, i.e., Barthel Index & National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIH-SS), in which scores were turned from 15 & 21 to 65 & 9, respectively. Moreover, significant changes and improvements were observed in clinical features OF Pakshaghata before and after treatment. Conclusion: In this case, there is an involvement of Aama as an Avarana on Vata, which is vitiating the VataRoga and causes Pakshaghat.This first line of Treatment was under the elimination of the Aama involvement from Chief Complaints. It was done by Deepana- Pachana medicine as Shaman Chikitsa. After that, the ShodhanChikitsa was started by gaining the Nirama condition of Doshas. A significant improvement was observed by combining the Shaman and ShodhanChikitsa strategically
Gender wise consideration of Anguli Pramana in the present era
Get PDFIntroduction: Anguli pramana is a unique concept in Ayurved. It was stated by acharyas at times when there was no any sort of standardised unit of measurements. Acharyas have mentioned Anguli pramana for various parts of the body. In respect of male and female gender, no separate anthropometric values found to be mentioned. Hence, the present study aimed at gender wise consideration of Anguli pramana. Method: After seeking ethical permission, 770 healthy participants of both gender between age group 18-50 years in Ahmednagar and Nashik region were selected for the study. Measurements were taken for selected body parts. The middle finger width of the right hand at proximal interphalangeal joint was used as a unit for Anguli pramana. Collected data treated with the Student’s t test for inference. Result: Measured values for selected parameters when compared with the standard values stated by acharya in both genders found statistically different except for a few i.e., Pad parinah and Pad vistar. Discussion: Variations in Anguli pramana may be due to evolutionary changes and lifestyle in the present era. The present study concluded that Anguli pramana is not valid in the present era. Its validity was checked according to gender separately. Though the findings are confined to the selected sample size and selected parameters, it could further be extended to arrive at generalization
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Emulgel Loaded with Extract of Cedrus deodara for its In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Get PDFAyurveda is the base of Indian Systems of Medicine. The researchers are greatly interested in discovering the potential of natural bioactive components. Remedial effects are produced by different plant extracts. Cedrus deodara is found in North India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tibet and Nepal. It contains deodarin, cedodarin, taxifolin, myrcene, iso-pimpillin, α-pinene, β-pinene, cedrin, deodarone, sesquiterpene, cedrinoside, dihydromyricetin, matairesinol, atlantone. It is used in treatment of inflammation, ulcer, pain, hyperglycemia, infection, insomnia, skin disorder, blood disorder, apoptosis, fever. Recently in-vivo and in-vitro studies have indicated its anti-inflammatory and analgesic property. The objectives of proposed research work are to formulate and evaluate the herbal emulgel loaded with extract ofCedrus deodara and evaluate for its In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Cedrus deodara heartwood was extracted using hydro-alcoholic solvent. Phytochemical evaluation of extract was done. Six batches of herbal emulgel were formulated. The prepared herbal emulgel was evaluated for pH, spreadability, viscosity, consistency, appearance, color, washability and appearance. In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of extract and formulation were done using HRBC Membrane stabilization assay and protein denaturation assay. The proposed research work concludes that the newly formulated herbal emulgel loaded with extract of Cedrus deodara can be used in future for anti-inflammatory effect
An Appraisal on Antimicrobial Activity of Herbomineral Formulations
Get PDFIn Ayurveda, many herbal, metal-mineral and herbomineral formulations are used as method of treatment in various diseases like Jwara (Fever), Krmi Roga (Microbial Infections), Kushtha Roga (Skin Disease), and Sotha (Inflammation). Microbial infection is now a leading cause of health problem and death. Both the practitioners and people are taking less interest to prescribe and take the modern antimicrobial drug, due to side effect and drug resistance. Recently, the world is looking towards Ayurvedic formulations as a replacement of anti-microbial drugs to counter microbial infection, due to fewer side effects and more compatibility to our body. These anti-microbial activities may be due to specific secondary metabolites or complex of phytomolecules with suitable mineral components. In this review we have studied about some herbomineral formulations that have shown antimicrobial property in experimental studies. The study has included the method of preparation of herbomineral formulations mentioned in authentic classical Ayurveda texts like Rasa Tarangini, Bhaishajya Ratnavali, etc. the experimental methods used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the results of the study against the microbes. In addition to that the study has also included other therapeutic potentiality of these herbomineral formulation. The classical herbomineral formulations used for study in this review are found to be more effective against several microbe as compared to standard modern anti-microbial drug. This review will helpful for the researcher in various approaches of these Ayurvedic herbomineral formulations in the field of microbiology and antimicrobial treatment
Evaluation of antibacterial activity of selected plant species from the State of Punjab, India
Get PDFObjective: Evaluation of antibacterial potential of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Solanum nigrum L., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk., Achyranthes aspera L., Sida acuta Burm.f., Justicia adhatoda L. (Syn. Adhatoda vasica Nees), Boerhavia diffusa L. and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal against human pathogenic bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and Methods: Powdered form of the whole plant of each species was extracted in aqueous and ethanol solvents. The antibacterial activity experiment was performed using agar well diffusion method. A dose of 50µl, 100µl and 150µl of each extract (aqueous and ethanol) were tested. Results: Only the ethanol extracts have shown activity against test organisms. The 50µl and 100µl doses of extracts were not much effective against all the bacteria. Thus 150µl volume was selected for further study. The ethanol extract of Adhatoda vasica has yielded maximum zone of inhibition 24±1.7mm and 22±2.1mm against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Type AA3 of A. aspera and SN3 of S. nigrum were the most effective against E. faecalis with inhibition zones 22±2.2mm and 21±2.2mm, respectively. Similarly, B. diffusa has shown maximum inhibition against P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: The present study suggests the use of ethanol extract since none of the aqueous extracts have shown activity against all the tested bacteria. The difference in activity of different plant extracts may be due to variable chemical composition of the plant species. The plant species can be selected based on the bacterial species to be investigated. Further studies can be planned to understand the bioactive molecules responsible for antibacterial activity
Ethnopharmacological study about Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Licorice) based on Ayurveda, An Indian System of Traditional Medicine- A Review
Get PDFGlycyrrhiza glabra L. (GG), also known as Yashtimadhu, is a traditional plant which is widely used in Ayurveda. It is used to treat a variety of ailments including cough, asthma, bronchitis, diabetes, gastric ulcers, skin problems, inflammation, anaemia, premature greying of hair and others. Clinical and experimental research suggests that it possesses anti-inflammatory, antiviral, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and cardioprotective activities. We gathered material on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of Glycyrrhiza glabra published before March 2022 from PubMed, Springer, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Science Direct. To compile this study, we conducted a thorough analysis of the classical Ayurvedic treatises in order to obtain a full account of the qualities, actions, and applications stated in Ayurveda about yashtimadhu in order to demonstrate ancient-modern concordance. GG has been studied for a variety of pharmacological properties, including ulcer healing, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-bacterial, antioxidant potential activity, anti-asthmatic activity, hair growth stimulating activity, and memory enhancing action. Licorice in Ayurveda is generally used in Ayurveda as a rejuvenator and aphrodisiac, as well as for boosting memory, complexion, sound quality, dental health, vision, lactation, and healing cancer, ulcers and wounds. Even though GG is a widely used Ayurveda medicine, there is a lack of evidence regarding the true medicinal potential of the drug. There are innumerable actions mentioned in the Ayurveda classical textbooks. Here, an effort is made to find substantiation for the ancient wisdom through a thorough search with the modern available literature
Randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of Eladi churna in the management of urdhwag amlapitta with special reference to GERD
Get PDFAmlapitta is one of the most common diseases seen in society. The word Amlapitta is made up of Amla and Pitta. Aacharya Kashyapa was the first person who described Amlapitta as a separate disease. Madhav Nidan, Bhavprakash, and Yogratnakara have also described it very well.The disease in which the sour quality of Pitta dosha aggravates and changes to extreme acidic sourness is called Amlapitta. Amlapitta is Annavaha Strotas Vyadhi (gastrointestinal disease), which is caused due to Agnimandya and vitiations of Pachaka Pitta. Urdhwag Amlapitta can be correlated with GERD. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. It is defined on the basis of both esophageal and extra-esophageal symptoms and/or lesions resulting from the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. The sign and symptoms of Urdhwag Amlapitta (GERD) are Avipak (Indigestion), Klama (Tiredness), Utklesha (Nausea), Tikta amla udgar (Sour and bitter Belching), Gaurvata (Heaviness), Hruth Kantha Daha (Heart and Throat Burning), and Aruchi (Anorexia).In the present era, consumption of fast food, junk food, anxiety, and depression are the main causes of Amlapitta.In this clinical study, Eladi churna was used, which is described by Yogratnakar in Amlapitta chikitsa .A total of 70 patients were taken, which were divided into two groups of 35 patients for each group. Group A-Eladi Churna ( Trial)and Group B- Amlapittapinashak yog as a control drug mentioned in Bhaishajyaratnawali.
Analysis of the anti-microbial and probiotic action of Pathyadi churna
Get PDFPathyadi churna is a Herbo-Mineral preparation mentioned in Chakradutta, which is indicated in all types of Ajeerna like Ama, Vidagdha, Vishtabdha and Rasasesha. Pathya, Pippali and Souvarchala lavana are the ingredients of the preparation. This study is conducted to find the action of Pathyadi Churna against microorganisms which causes digestive disorders and which helps in digestion. The antimicrobial study of Pathyadi churna revealed its action against S. aureus, C. albicans, Lactobacillus acidophilus and B. subtilis, but the probiotic action is revealed when the trial drug is given with its Anupana Masthu. Also found that Pathyadi churna doesn’t act against E. coli bacteria. Overall, Pathyadi Churna showed anti-microbial action alone and probiotic action with its Anupana Masthu.