International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine
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A Narrative Review on the etiopathogenesis of Primary Dysmenorrhea with reference to Kastartava in Ayurveda literature
Get PDFObjectives: Different dimensions of Primary Dysmenorrhea in Ayurveda literature has been explored and conceptualised it with the available physiological and anatomical understanding. Content: The concept of Primary Dysmenorrhea is better understood upon the basic understanding of Kastartava dating back to the phase of adolescence. 75% of adolescent girls’ experiences problems related to menstruation including delayed, irregular, painful, and heavy menstrual bleeding. Among these, painful menstruation or dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological problem seen in reproductive age group. “Primary dysmenorrhea, one among its two types, is a cyclical lower abdominal or pelvic pain of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day to day activities without any identifiable or evident pelvic pathology”. Ayurveda classics were reviewed to analyse the various aspects of Kastartava and correlated with research papers in terms of evidence-based physiological and anatomical advancements. Databases like PubMed, Scopus were searched using keywords like Shoola, Kastartava, Udavartini, Vatiki Yonivyapat, Dysmenorrhea, Primary Dysmenorrhea AND Ayurveda, Pain measurement, Quality of life, Inflammatory Markers, Prostaglandin theory. Summary: Various aspects of Shoola and Kastartava in Ayurveda from evidence-based advancements in Primary Dysmenorrhea based on recent researches have been put forward for basic evidence in relation with Pathophysiology of Primary Dysmenorrhea. Outlook: Understanding the pathophysiology of pain in Primary Dysmenorrhea with respect to the clinical presentation of Kastartava will give new insights to manage the clinical condition.
Phytochemistry, antioxidant activity and traditional uses of Ipomoea aquatica Forssk among the people of Lower Assam, India
Get PDFNaturopathy has gained popularity in recent years for the treatment of various health diseases, due to the numerous adverse side effects of synthetic medications. Assam in North-Eastern part of India is a great treasure of bio-resources, particularly for plant diversity and animal diversity, and has become a source of hundreds of medicinal herbs. Different tribal and non-tribal inhabitants of this area have knowledge about using of various plants as well as their products to heal a variety of health illnesses. Among these, Ipomoea aquatica Forssk is widely used among the Lower Assam ethnic groups. A survey study was conducted to validate the traditional therapeutic uses of Ipomoea aquatica Forssk in treating various health related disorders among the native people of Lower Assam. Further, an investigation in the laboratory was performed to examine the phytochemical components and the antioxidant activity of Ipomoea aquatica Forssk using standard methods. As the methanolic extract showed the best results, a GC-MS analysis was also performed in attempt to identify the bioactive component of the methanolic extract. This confirms their traditional use as food and medicinal.
Chronic toxicity studies of Tuttha bhasma (CuSO4.5H2O) in Wistar Albino Rats
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Tuttha Bhasma (TB) is an important metal based drug used in Ayurveda. It has widespread therapeutic uses in the treatment of metabolic disorders. Despite of its therapeutic utility there is a lack of data related to its safety. Hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate chronic toxicity of TB in Wistar albino rats. Chronic toxicity study was conducted as per AYUSH guidelines 170 and the parameters such as ponderal changes; biochemical, hematological and histopathological examinations were recorded. Based on the overall toxicity profile significant changes in the serum SGPT was noted in therapeutic and higher dose levels. We could see the serum cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT and albumin levels were significantly elevated at lower dose compared to the control group. Histopathology of kidney showed cell infiltration and sections from liver showed mild to moderate fatty changes at higher dose levels. Histopathology of jejunum revealed there was mild to moderate epithelial erosion and shortening of epithelial layer. However overall toxicity study parameters showed the test drug TB is well tolerated and no dose dependent toxicity symptoms were observed. Based on the findings we could conclude that Tuttha bhasma is much safer to use at therapeutic dose level. However, at higher dose levels there are chances of organ toxicity
Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Commonly Used by Traditional Medicine Practitioners in Sindhudurg Region, India
Get PDFThe traditional healers in Sindhudurg region practice plantbased therapy to manage various health conditions. The present investigation aims to represent the ethnobotanical knowledge of different Traditional practitioners. Sindhudurg is rich in flora and fauna. Traditional practitioners have wide and in-depth knowledge of plants and their medicinal use. They use these plants to treat various ailments. The Present paper provides information on the traditional uses of medicinal plants found in Sindhudurg District.An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to record information on medicinal plants from traditional medical practitioners in Sindhudurg.Traditional Medical Practitioners,the primary informants were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires and open-ended conversations. The survey identified and recorded 100 plant species along with their medicinal uses.
A Literary review on Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) - An Ayurveda approach
Get PDFCancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide; however advanced medical diagnostic techniques and medical interventions reduced the mortality considerably. But adverse effects due to chemotherapy decreased the quality of life, Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is such entity as till now no established treatment protocol is not available. Hence, alternative methods of preventing or treating CIPN are necessary. Many studies found that herbal medicines showed potentially beneficial effects on CIPN. Treatment modalities in ayurvedic science should be given to the CIPN and to assess the effectiveness of herbal medicines for CIPN, a systematic review and study is essential in ayurveda to treat Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. CIPN most commonly presents as a pure sensory neuropathy with symmetric symptoms typically including numbness, loss of proprioception sense, tingling, pins and needles sensation, hyperalgesia or allodynia in the hands or feet in a stocking-glove distribution. Occasionally there can be damage to motor fibers resulting in a motor neuropathy. Autonomic neuropathy can be associated with orthostatic hypotension, severe constipation and erectile dysfunction. In ayurveda symptomatology it can be corelated to Aganthuja vata-pitta vikara having alpa-bala-ojokshaya condition. In cancer there is much much reduced Oja, and bala chemotherapy having properties of visha guna and vata-pitta vitiation causes dhatu, upadhatu, mala and indiriya pradoshaja vikara with predominance of vata nature like Gatrasuptata (~numbness), Spandanam (~twitching sensation), Bheda (~splitting pain), Toda (~Excrutiating pain) and Pitta nature like Daha (~burning sensation), osha (~heat feel), Plosha (~Scorching), Dhoomaka (~fuming feel). Moreover, these symptoms are described in vataja nanatmaja and pittaja nanatmaja vikaras
Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Dietary supplement acquired from Kitchen Garden (Parasbag) and Gudharitaki Awaleha in Pandu Roga (Iron Deficiency Anemia)
Get PDFBackround-Panduroga is a Raktapradoshaja vyadhi having pitta dominance. Due to similarity of symptoms it can be correlated with Iron deficiency Anemia. Iron deficiency anemia secondary to inadequate dietary iron intake is caused by consuming a diet low in iron-rich foods. The richest sources of minerals and vitamins are fruits and green leafy vegetables. Growing a variety of crops in the kitchen garden is one of the simplest methods to make sure that everyone has access to a balanced meal that contains enough micronutrients. Aim and objectives-The objective of this study, which is being conducted in association with Mission Samriddhi (MS), is to compare the effectiveness of dietary supplements from Kitchen Garden (Parasbag) and Gudaharitaki Awaleha. Methodology- Total 60 patients were selected and divided in two equal groups. Group A patients were treated with nutritional supplement obtained from (Parasbag) Kitchen Garden along with Gudaharitaki Awaleha whereas group B patients were treated with Gudaharitaki Awaleha for 90 days. Assessment of subjective and objective criteria was done before and after treatment. Result and Discussion- Significant improvement was observed in subjective and objective parameters in both groups. But improvement was observed in more number of patients in group A than group B. Conclusion- Nutritional supplement obtained from (Parasbag) Kitchen Garden and Gudharitaki Awaleha improve Haemoglobin percentage because organically grown vegetables and fruits are rich in nutrients which help in prevention of nutritional deficiencies
Comparative Evaluation of Dashamula saindhavaa Sarpi as Nasya (nasal administration) versus Oral administration in the Management of Ardhavabhedaka (~Migraine): A Randomized Parallel Group Clinical Study
Get PDFArdhavabhedaka is described as one of the eleven types of Shiroroga (headache disorders) in all Ayurvedic classical texts. It is a disease in which there is acute pain in half of the head, laterals of the neck, temporal region, ear and eyes. Based on the similarity in etiology, pathology, symptoms and treatment principles Ardhavabhedaka can be very well connected with migraine. As per the International Headache Society (IHS), Migraine accounts for 16% of all primary headaches. As per WHO, Migraine prevalence and incidence of the attack suggest that migraine attacks around 3000 persons per million populations every day globally. Aim of Study: To compare the effect of Dashmula saindhavaa Sarpi Nasya and Oral in the Management of Ardhavabhedaka wsr to Migraine. Material and Methods: Total of 68 patients of age group 16 to 60 years of either sex were enrolled based on headache as the chief complaint. After screening via a Pre-diagnostic questionnaire (IHS), 24 patients were excluded and 44 patients recruited were randomly divided into two groups, group A received Dashmula saindhavaa Sarpi nasya, 6 drops in each nostril for 7 days, repeated after intervals of 1 week (four cycles) and Group B received Dashmula saindhava Sarpi orally 12 grams/day in two divided doses for 2 months. The assessment was done based on 4 point grading score of Clinical symptoms of Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine). Result: Overall effect of therapy shows that in Group A 05.00% had the complete cure, 50.00% of patients had marked improvement and 40.00% had moderate improvement whereas, in Group B, 05.88% had the complete cure, 35.29% of patients had marked improvement and 35.29% had moderate improvement. Both groups showed highly significant results (p = >0.001) in severity, duration, and frequency and various parameters of Ardhavabhedaka with more percentage improvement in Group A i.e., with Nasya therapy. Conclusion: Clinical assessment of Dashmula saindhava Sarpi nasya and as oral therapy on different parameters of Ardhavabhedaka showed that both are effective and safe.
Evaluation & Comparison of Nicotine quantification in smokeless tobacco products
Get PDFIntroduction: Smokeless tobacco products (STPS) represent a significant health risk and have been associated with oral and pancreatic cancers, oral lesions, coronary artery and peripheral vascular disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. So, the aim of the present study is to perform quantitative determination of nicotine, the main alkaloid of smokeless product (Gutkha) available in Vadodara, Gujarat. Method: Collection of sample was done from local tobacco selling shopkeeper from Vadodara i.e. vimal, RMD, pan vilas, rajnigandha and raag. All the samples included in the study the same products available everywhere in Gujarat. The quantification of nicotine was done by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) using the mobile phase toluene: ethyl acetate: Diethylamine (6:4:0.5). Spectrodensitometric measurement was carried out at absorption maximum 254 nm. Results: Five different smokeless tobacco samples were estimated using HPTLC method. Nicotine content was found to be 2.45% in Vimal, 3.11% in RMD, 2.60%- Pan Vilas, 3.06%- Rajigandha,3.32%- Raag. Conclusion: A considerable variation of nicotine content was found among the five investigated smokeless tobacco product where sample raag revealed the highest amount of nicotine than the other samples. The nicotine concentration of commercially available chewing tobacco products was found to be much lower than that of the smoking form of tobacco, but the higher average daily consumption made it comparable to the smoking form
New validated Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method for Estimation of Quercetin
Get PDFBackground: A new Ultra performance liquid chromatographic analytical method was developed and validated for estimation of Quercetin in bulk powder. The reverse phase chromatographic elution using UPLC was carried out in gradient mode on C-18 column (Phenomenex Luna 5 µm, 150 mm X 4.6 mm) as stationary phase utilizing a mobile phase composed of Acetonitrile: 0.1 % formic acid buffer (50:50 v/v) with a flow rate of 1 ml/min and injection volume of 10µl. The analysis was performed at temperature of 400C and detection of eluent was carried out using photo diode array at 371 nm. The newly developed Ultra performance liquid chromatography method was validated in terms of linearity and range, system suitability, specificity, precision, sensitivity, robustness, ruggedness and accuracy as per ICH guidelines. Results: The retention time of quercetin was found to be at 3.9 min with total run time of analysis is 7 minutes. The linearity was observed between the concentration ranges from 0.5 to 16µg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.999. The precision assays values were found to be less than 2% for both the drugs. The Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantification were 0.47µg/ml and 1.44µg/ml for Quercetin. The mean percentage recovery values were found to be within the range of 90-110 %. Conclusion: The proposed method was found to be simple, specific, precise, sensitive, robust, rugged and accurate and can be used for routine quality control analysis of Quercetin
A comparative Study of Structural Properties and Antacid activity of some commercial samples of Shauktika bhasma
Get PDFBackgroud: Shauktika Bhasma is a traditional ayurvedic medicine which is an excellent remedy for a number of stomach disorders, hyper acidity and ulcers. It is prepared from mother pearl by subjecting the powder of mother pearl to traditional ayurvedic processes. To get a worldwide recognition to such supreme ancient medicine, it is necessary to reinvestigate it on the basis of modern analytical techniques.In the present work a comparative study of some commercial samples of Shauktika bhasma is undertaken to understand the current status of this bhasma and to explore its acid neutralization capacity using back titration method. Materials and Methods: Samples from renowned pharmacies are collected and subjected to chemical and structural investigations using analytical techniques like XRD, IR and UV. Back titration method is applied to find acid neutralizing capacity of these bhasma samples. Conclusion:The study reveals that Shauktika bhasma is chemically calcite form of calcium carbonate. Antacid activity of the samples is reported for these samples using simple titration method which is useful to estimate number of moles neutralized for a quick comparison. The antacid activity of the samples is found to be inversely proportional to the crystallite size of the bhasma