International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine
Not a member yet
1492 research outputs found
Sort by
Liposomal Hydrogel of Piper longum for Enhanced Antifungal Therapy: Formulation and Evaluation
Full text linkBackground: Fungal and skin infections represent a significant burden on global public health, exacerbated by the emergence of antifungal resistance and the limitations of conventional topical therapies. Piper longum L., a phytomedicinal plant rich in piperine, has demonstrated promising antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. However, its therapeutic potential was not explored for newer or novel drug delivery systems. Aim and objective: To develop, characterize, and evaluate a liposomal-based hydrogel system encapsulating Piper longum L. extract for effective antifungal dynamics. Methods: Piper longum L. was extracted using water:ethanol (3:1) solvent system and incorporated into liposomes (PLL) prepared via the thin-film hydration technique using varying ratios of soya lecithin and cholesterol. The optimized liposomes were integrated into a Carbopol 940-based hydrogel. Formulations were assessed for physicochemical properties (vesicle size, zeta potential, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and homogeneity), skin irritation and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Rhizopus, Actinomyces, and Saccharomyces species. Vesicle characterization was performed using optical microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Results and discussion: The optimized liposomal vesicles displayed a uniform nanometric size distribution (700 nm–3 μm) with a low polydispersity index (<1) and moderate zeta potential (1.2–10.7 mV), confirming colloidal stability. LBH formulations exhibited neutral pH (7.0–7.4), non-irritating properties, and desirable rheological characteristics. Of the tested formulations, PLL2 exhibited the most significant antifungal activity, showing inhibition zones up to 6 mm against C. albicans. Hydrophilic Carbopol 940 matrix facilitated enhanced spreadability and occlusive retention, while liposomal encapsulation ensured sustained bioactive compounds release and targeted epidermal delivery. Conclusion: The Piper longum-loaded liposomal hydrogel represents a scientifically rational, biocompatible and effective nanocarrier system for topical antifungal therapy. The synergistic interplay between vesicular phospholipids, bioactive piperine and hydrogel polymers substantially improved dermal delivery and antifungal performance
Comparative Evaluation of In-House Prepared and Marketed Chaturbeeja Churna
Full text linkThe standardization and quality control of herbs and herbal dosage forms with proper integration of modern scientific technique and traditional knowledge is important. The term \u27standardization\u27 refers to all actions undertaken during manufacturing and quality control to ensure consistent and reproducible product quality. The present study focuses on the comprehensive comparative evaluation of in-house prepared and marketed Chaturbeeja Churna. Chaturbeeja Churna is a classical ayurvedic formulation traditionally used for managing metabolic disorders. The formulation, comprises of four seeds viz. Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek), Nigella sativa (Kalonji), Lipidium sativum (Chandrasura), and Trachyspermum ammi (Ajwain). Each plant material were subjected to rigorous physicochemical, phytochemical, and quantitative estimation of secondary metabolites. These evaluation helps to assess quality, safety, and therapeutic potential of all the four seeds to be used in churna preparation. The in-house chaturbeeja churna was prepared according to the ayurvedic text. Standardized laboratory protocols were employed on Churna to determine parameters such as organoleptic, micromeritics, physicochemical and phytochemical properties. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) profiling was performed to evaluate chemical fingerprinting and ensure batch-to-batch consistency. The in-house formulation demonstrated superior physicochemical properties and a richer phytochemical profile, indicating better therapeutic efficacy. The marketed sample showed variability in certain physicochemical parameters, suggesting the need for stringent quality control practices. This study underscores the importance of standardization and quality assessment in the preparation of Ayurvedic formulations and provides a validated framework for future quality control of Chaturbeeja Churna and similar polyherbal products
Management of Central Retinal Vein Occlusion through Ayurveda: A Case Study
Full text linkBackground: Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) is a vision-threatening condition caused by retinal venous obstruction, leading to macular edema and hemorrhages. The patient exhibited a sudden onset of blurred vision in one eye, ranging from moderate to severe intensity. Ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) accounts for approximately 20-25 percent of all CRVO occurrences, while the majority, around 75-80%, are classified as non-ischaemic. This study focuses on a patient with the non-ischaemic variant. The treatment approach for CRVO with various medications remains uncertain. In this case report, we discuss a 55-year-old male who experienced CRVO, presenting with sudden painless loss of distance vision in his right eye, and he was treated with Ayurvedic remedies and therapeutic methods. Conventional treatments like anti-VEGF injections and laser photocoagulation often show variable efficacy. In Ayurveda, CRVO is correlated with Urdhwaga Raktapitta and managed through Shodhana (detoxification) and Kriyakalpa therapies. Methods: A 55-year-old male with CRVO and macular edema in the right eye underwent Ayurvedic treatment for eight months, including Virechana (purgation), Nasya (nasal therapy), and Bidalaka (topical applications) along with oral medications. Clinical parameters were assessed through visual acuity, fundus examination, and OCT. Results: Significant improvement was noted in visual acuity (from 6/60p to 6/9p), reduction in flame-shaped hemorrhages, and decreased macular edema, confirmed by OCT. Conclusion: This case highlights the potential of Ayurvedic management in CRVO, suggesting further research for its integration into ophthalmic care
Efficacy of Guduchyadi Leha along with tongue exercises in Gadgada (stammering) in 6 year old female child: A case study
Full text linkIntroduction- Life of human beings is prestigious as humans can express their limitless opinions and beliefs. There is huge potential and power to express his thoughts in the form of words, syllables converting into speech, which makes him too easy to deal with life. Generally speech develops rapidly in 2 to 5 1/2 age group. In this learning age of speech, child starts repetition in pronouncing consonants, and also few words while speaking. If this condition remains same then may the child suffer from disability of speech or fluency disruption. Stammering is disease related to speech of human beings. Stammering or stuttering is defined as interruption in fluency of speech, facial expressions and spasmodic repetition of and prolongation of sound by fear or anxiety, which leads child to avoid speak for hiding error in speech. Aim- To observe the result of Guduchyadi leha on stammering. Case scenario-A 6 year female child, complaining about unclear speech (Aspashta vaak), blocks and prolongation in pronunciation of words (Avyakt vaak), error-full broken words (Sphuta vaak) was treated by Guduchyadi Leha and changes were noted after assessing the condition of stammering by using Stammering Severity Instrument – 4 (SSI-4) Observation- symptoms like unclear speech, prolongation time, blocks were reduced. Results- Improvement in stammering has been seen as discussed below in the report
Deciphering the Neuroprotective Role of Ksheerabala: Bridging Modern Medicine and Ayurveda Through Reverse Pharmacology
Full text linkKsheerabala Thailam (KB), a traditional Ayurvedic formulation, is widely recognized for its therapeutic potential in managing conditions such as cervical spondylosis, cerebral palsy, facial paralysis, low back pain, sciatica, and osteoarthritis, along with its notable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Employing the reverse pharmacology approach, this study bridges ancient knowledge with modern scientific validation to explore KB\u27s efficacy. The study investigates KB\u27s efficacy by evaluating its antioxidant activity, phospholipase A2-mediated inhibition, calcium channel modulation, and toxicity assessment using zebrafish embryo models. Additionally,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted to identify bioactive constituents.In vitro experiments revealed significant suppression of phospholipase A2 and strong free radical scavenging activity, highlighting its anti-inflammatory effects. KB also reduced voltage-gated calcium channel activity, essential for painful signaling, by suppressing Cacna1b gene expression. Toxicological evaluations in zebrafish embryos confirmed KB\u27s safety at therapeutic doses, showing no notable developmental defects. GC-MS analysis identified bioactive substances that contribute to its analgesic and neuroprotective properties.These findings underline KB as a promising natural therapeutic option for NP. By integrating traditional medicine and reverse pharmacology, the study establishes a foundation for further clinical research into KB\u27s efficacy and safety
Comparative overview of phytoconstituents and pharmacological potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves and seeds
Full text linkBackground: Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as Fenugreek is a plant found extensively in semi-arid regions. In Indian subcontinents, leaves and seeds of fenugreek are consumed as food and spice respectively. Fenugreek plant as a whole have different ethnomedicinal values. Analysis revealed presence of multiple bioactive phytoconstituents in the seeds and leaves of Fenugreek. The scientific knowledge of comparative correlation of phytoconstituents in leaves and seeds of Fenugreek and their traditional medicinal importance is mostly unexplored. Objective: This review aims to compare the phytoconstituent composition and pharmacological activities of the leaves and seeds of Fenugreek. Results: The phytoconstituent present in leaves and seeds differ widely. Seeds are rich in components like Galactomannan, free peptide 4-hydroxy isoleucine and alkaloids like Trigonelline and Fenugreekine. These compounds reduce glucose and lipid absorption and enhanced metabolism, thus showing anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity, whereas the Fenugreek leaves show more potent anti-microbial activity including anti-dandruff, anti-fungal and anti-amebicidal activities due to high saponin content. Both the parts of the plant are safe for topical application and show anti-inflammatory effect and strengthens hair follicle reducing hair fall. Conclusion: Understanding the correlation between phytochemistry and modern Pharmacology of Fenugreek leaves and seeds is crucial for optimizing therapeutic applications and developing targeted pharmaceutical formulations. In future, bio-active derivatization of the phytoconstituents of fenugreek can be carried out to enhance the pharmacological activities of Fenugreek
Differences in oven-drying temperatures change quality and phytochemicals of medicinally potential Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. rhizomes
Full text linkBoesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf., known for its medicinal properties, holds great potential for the development of both medicinal and nutritional supplements due to its various biological and pharmacological benefits. B. rotunda belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, is a rhizomatous perennial herb commonly referred to as "finger root”. The rhizome of B. rotunda is widely used as a food ingredient in various countries. Additionally, it has been traditionally utilized in folk medicine to treat a range of ailments, including rheumatism, muscle pain, fever, gastrointestinal disorders, flatulence, dyspepsia, and peptic ulcers. Drying is one of the most used technologies in the pharmaceutical industry to prevent spoilage and maintain product quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different drying treatments (hot air oven drying at 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 ⁰C) on the quality parameter such as moisture, ash, curcumin, mineral content particle size and phytochemicals like phenol, flavonoid, saponin and tannin of B. rotunda. The result reported that Boiling B. rotunda at 80 ⁰C followed by oven drying at 100 ⁰C showed lowest moisture content. Smallest particle size, ash content, highest elements atomic % and maximum retention of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites like curcumin, phenol, flavonoid, saponin and tannin content were obtained in boiling B. rotunda at 80 ⁰C followed by oven drying at 100 ⁰C. The findings of this study will aid in the development of enhanced techniques for restoring the market-preferred optimal quality of B. rotunda. Additionally, they will help improve methods for preserving the active components of, offering significant benefits to pharmaceutical industries, farmers, and plant breeders
Evaluation of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) extract as a natural alternative to Eosin in histopathological staining
Full text linkBackground: Synthetic dyes like eosin are widely used in histopathology but are associated with health hazards and environmental concerns. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the staining potential of Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) extract as a substitute of eosin in standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Methods: Two techniques were used to slice and stain archival paraffin-embedded tissue samples: the conventional H&E process and a modified variant that substituted an alcoholic extract of turmeric for eosin. The staining quality of various tissue components such as keratin, collagen, muscle, salivary glands and epithelium was evaluated. Stained slides were assessed for cellular outline, cytoplasmic details, nuclear clarity and morphology using a three-tier grading scale (poor, good, excellent). The staining quality scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The turmeric produced a distinct yellow to brownish-yellow cytoplasmic staining with excellent differentiation. Significant differences were observed for collagen (U = 67.5, p = 0.0049) and salivary gland staining (U = 67.5, p = 0.0049) while keratin (U = 112.5, p = 0.0658), epithelium (U = 104.0, p = 0.7238) and muscle (U = 106.5, p = 0.778) did not show statistically significant differences. Although eosin provided superior sharpness in some tissue structures, turmeric demonstrated comparable staining quality across most components. Conclusion: This fining support the use of Turmeric as a natural and non-toxic alternative, making it a suitable option for laboratories seeking sustainable staining methods
A comprehensive conceptual analysis of PCOS in Ayurvedic perspective
Full text linkPolycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, heterogeneous disorder with reproductive, metabolic, endocrine, and cosmetic manifestations, contributing significantly to infertility and long-term lifestyle disorders. Due to its varied clinical and biochemical presentation, PCOS lacks a single precise definition and is commonly diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria. As no distinct disease entity corresponding to PCOS is described in Ayurveda, it is considered an Anukta Vyadhi, requiring interpretation based on clinical features and underlying samprapti. The present study aims to elucidate the samprapti (pathophysiology) of PCOS from an Ayurvedic perspective, conceptualize samprapti vighatana, and propose rational management strategies based on individualized pathogenesis. Data were collected from classical Ayurvedic texts, modern medical literature, journals, online databases, and previous research studies, which were critically reviewed and analyzed. The analysis reveals that PCOS manifests through multiple and interacting sampraptis, predominantly kaphavruta vata, pitta–kapha samsrushta vata, and kevala vata, with involvement of rasa, rakta, mamsa, medo, asthi, and shukra dhatus, along with agni dushti, ama, and srotorodha. These mechanisms closely parallel contemporary concepts of insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, chronic inflammation, and hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis dysregulation. Ayurvedic management based on nidana parivarjana, shodhana, shamana, satvavajaya, and lifestyle modification addresses the root pathology rather than offering only symptomatic relief. Evidence from contemporary experimental and clinical studies supports the effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in improving clinical, biochemical, and sonological parameters of PCOS
Efficacy of Ayurvedic Management in Pravruddha Aamvata w.s.r to Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Report
Full text linkAnkylosing spondylitis(AS) is a form of chronic autoimmune-mediated inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton starting with sacroiliitis. AS in an acute stage can be correlated with Saam Avastha of Vayu i.e. Pravruddha Aamvata while during Niram Avastha, it can be considered as a Vatavyadhi (~vitiated Vata Disorder) i.e., Asthimajjagat Vata (~Aggravation of Vata in bone, bone marrow) along with joints as per symptoms described in classics. A 30-year-old male came to OPD complaining of pain and swelling of the right ankle, stiffness of the spine, inability to walk, fatigue, and anorexia diagnosed as vitiated Vata Disorder. Ayurvedic appetizer, digestive and laxative treatment were administered as the patient came in a State of air element associated with toxic metabolic waste. After achieving a state devoid of Aam pathology, Vata alleviating, strength and bulk-promoting micro channels cleansing and immunomodulatory Ayurvedic drugs were given orally with local Therapeutic Snehana-Swedana and Kala Basti. Clinical symptoms were significantly resolved after the therapy and there was also significant improvement in parameters like Bath indices, Finger to Floor length, ASQoL scale and inflammatory markers. On applying this treatment protocol major pathological abnormalities that occur in AS like gut mucosal barrier disturbance, a higher load of intestinal bacterial peptides, cytokines, erosion of bone, spur formation, and degeneration of disc might have been kept on hold and proper nutrition to affected spines and joints might have been accomplished. In addition to this Ayurvedic management is significantly helpful to overcome certain drawbacks of unestablished modern medicine for this disease