International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine
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Phloretin delays the progression of diabetic cataract by inhibiting lens aldose reductase enzyme and oxidative damage: In vitro and ex vivo experimental approaches
Full text linkAim and objectives: Flavonoids are the most important phyto-biomolecules used in a variety of diseases as an alternative pharmacotherapy, including diabetic cataract. The present study is designed to explore the anticataract activity of phloretin by evaluating aldose reductase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity against ex vivo experimental models in goat lenses. Methodology: For the induction of diabetogenic cataract glucose-induced model was used. In this model, goat lenses were incubated in high concentrations of glucose (55 mM) containing physiological salt solution and phloretin (50, 100, and 200 µg/mL), which was assessed against cataract control lenses. Results and Disccusion: The results showed that phloretin (100 µg/mL) considerably inhibits the DPPH free radical and lens aldose reductase activity. The results of the ex-vivo model showed that phloretin retains lens transparency and reduces cataract maturation. Moreover, the phloretin exposure significantly (P < 0.05) increased the antioxidant activity (CAT, SOD, and GSH) and reduced the malonaldehyde level. Additionally, phloretin exposure significantly (P < 0.05) restored the lens protein content. Conclusion: The results concluded that phloretin showed promising anticataract activity by inhibiting lens aldose reductase and oxidative stres
Acute oral toxicity of herbo-mineral combination: Talisadi yoga in Wistar albino rats
Full text linkTalisadi yoga (TY) has been used as an herbal contraceptive. Before any product is released into the market, the toxicity study parameters are necessary to generate data that is safe for scientific use. An in vivo study was carried out on female Wistar albino rats at the Institute for Industrial Research and Toxicology (IIRT), Ghaziabad. The study aimed to evaluate the acute oral toxicity (AOT) study of TY by following the guidelines of OECD 425: AOT-Up and Down Procedure. Healthy female Wistar albino rats, of body weight 200±20 g, were selected for study and used stepwise according to the guidelines. The study was conducted with a single starting dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. The test sample was administered orally at dose volume of 10 ml/kg to one female rat. The treated animal was closely observed for clinical signs of intoxication during the first four hours of TY administration. Thereafter, the animal was observed periodically at a 12-hour interval for 48 hours. No sign of toxicity or mortality was observed in the 48 h; hence, another two animals were dosed at the same dose level and observed for 48 h and finally for 14 days after the administration of the TY, respectively. Since three animals survived at the tested dose level (2000 mg/kg b. wt.), the TY tested for AOT, was found non-hazardous to Wistar albino rats. According to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), it comes under Category 4 (LD50 > 2000 mg/kg)
Impact of eight weeks of Spirulina supplementation on body fat reduction in overweight young males: A randomized controlled trial
Full text linkSpirulina, a blue-green microalga, is high in protein, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, making it a popular supplement for improving general health. Due to its potentiality for fat metabolism, the study aims to explore the effect of eight weeks of Spirulina supplementation in reducing body fat in overweight young males. Following CONSORT 2010 checklist, eight-week placebo-controlled trial has been implemented involving twenty participants. The experimental group received 5 grams of Spirulina supplementation for eight weeks. The intake frequency increased from 3 days per week in the first week to daily by the sixth week, ensuring controlled adaptation. No significant differences were found in demographic and anthropometric characteristics between the controlled and experimental groups. Spirulina supplementation led to a slight reduction in body fat percentage in experimental group, though the changes were not statistically significant (p=0.75). The reduction of body fat in the supraspinal and subscapular regions was relatively higher in the experimental group volunteers. The findings of the study indicate that providing overweight young boys with Spirulina supplementation for eight weeks did not have a significant impact on reducing body fat or modifying other physical measurements. The absence of significant change in body composition can be attributed to the duration of intervention, dosage and individual variability in response. The synergy of Spirulina supplementation and physical activity could be pivotal in effective weight control. Further research is required to examine the possible benefits of using Spirulina supplementation with other lifestyle strategies to achieve an effective reduction of body fat
The Effect of Medhya Rasayan Ghrita on Senile Dementia – A case report
Full text linkIntroduction: Neurological diseases are the most life-threatening of all diseases. Among these, senile dementia is a deteriorating condition that affects patient’s memory, thinking ability, and intellectual. Here is a case of mild cognitive impairment was successfully treated with Ayurveda rejuvenation therapy. Here, the patient, who was 67 years old, came to Kayachikitsa OPD with one of his relatives. He used to have difficulty doing daily activities like driving and keeping finances on his own, as well as some memory issues like remembering some past events. The Mini Mental Scale Examination (MMSE) score of this patient was 20, which means mild cognitive impairment. The patient has taken many medicines, but the condition remained the same. This patient was treated with Medhya Rasayana Ghrita for three months. Then, after the completion of duration of 90 days, the Mini Mental Scale Examination (MMSE) score was improved up to 26, which means no cognitive impairment. There was a significant improvement in his orientation, attention, recall and copying skills. Rasayana medicine is, made with Madukaparni, Guduchi, Shankhapushpi, Yasthimadhu and Go Ghrita. Also, quality of life improvement was also present in patient
Nephroprotective effect of the combination of Nisha and Amalaki in Alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic rats
Full text linkBackground: Experimental studies have shown that Nisha (Curcuma longa L) rhizomes and Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica L) fruits possess antidiabetic, antioxidant and nephroprotective activity. Their combination is effective in Type-2 Diabetes. The present study was an attempt to assess the nephroprotective activity of the combination of powder of Nisha rhizomes and Amalaki fruits in alloxan induced hyperglycaemic albino rats. Methods: The in-vivo study was conducted at the facility in Govt. Ayurveda College, Thiruvananthapuram. Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 150-200 gm were induced with hyperglycaemia using intraperitoneal injection of Alloxan monohydrate (120mg/kg). The test drug in the ratio 1:4 (Nisha:Amalaki) was given in three groups in the doses, 0.108g, 0.216g and 0.432g /200g body wt. They were compared with normal control (euglycaemic healthy animals), diabetic control (no treatment hyperglycaemic rats) and standard conventional antidiabetic group administered with Glibenclamide in the dose 0.18 mg/200g body wt. After 30 days, blood, urine and tissue samples were collected and analysed for Morphological, Biochemical parameters and Histopathological changes. Results and conclusion: Statistical evaluation was done using Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney Test. Test drug given in dose 0.108g corresponding to human dose 6 g showed the best results with respect to Morphological and biochemical parameters among all treated groups. Histopathological parameters- glomerular and tubular changes and presence of infiltrative cells- returned to normal in all the treated groups which shows that euglycemia is important for prevention of renal changes in diabetics. The study shows that the drug combination is effective in preventing Diabetes induced renal damages
Therapeutic outcomes of Ayurvedic detoxification and palliative care in Eka Kushta (Plaque Psoriasis): A case report
Full text linkBackground: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder with erythematous, scaly plaques. Conventional therapies often provide symptomatic relief but may cause adverse effects or recurrence. Ayurvedic management integrates detoxification and palliative therapies targeting systemic imbalances. Case: An 18-year-old female presented with widespread blackish and whitish scaly plaques, pruritus, burning, and dryness, unresponsive to long-term corticosteroids. Ayurvedic examination indicated tridoshic imbalance and reduced digestive capacity. Treatment and Findings: The patient underwent sequential detoxification (therapeutic emesis and purgation) following digestive stimulation and internal oleation, accompanied by strict post- procedure diet. Subsequent palliative therapy had well defined regime. Progressive improvement was noted in scaling, itching, erythema, and discoloration, with PASI scores reducing from 72 to 4 and pruritus resolving completely. No new lesions appeared, and systemic symptoms improved. Conclusion: Integrated Ayurvedic detoxification and palliative management effectively addressed the root causes of plaque psoriasis, producing rapid clinical improvement, enhanced quality of life, and sustained remission
Ayurvedic management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) with biochemical and symptomatic outcomes: A case study
Full text linkNon-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized as a metabolic liver disorder linked to a sedentary lifestyle and poor dietary habits. This case study explores an integrative approach to managing Grade 2 NAFLD in a 48-year-old male patient, diagnosed using both modern and Ayurvedic frameworks. The treatment regimen incorporated Phalatrikadi Kwatha, Shankha Vati, and Eranda Haritaki Churna over 60 days, focusing on restoring Agni, reducing Kapha-Meda Dushti, and clearing Srotorodha. Notable improvements were observed in gastrointestinal symptoms, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and ultrasound findings. The Ayurvedic perspective interpreted NAFLD as a Santarpanajanya Vyadhi involving Yakrit Dushti, with participation of three Doshas, primarily Kapha. This case highlights the relevance of Ayurvedic principles of individualized diagnosis, stage-wise treatment, and metabolic correction in effectively managing early stage NAFLD alongside modern diagnostics. It underscores the potential of classical interventions in chronic liver conditions when applied with clinical precision
Effect of Aparajita (Shweta) Clitoria Ternatea roots with ghrita in the management of Galaganda (Hypothyroidism) wrt Garavisha: A case study
Full text linkIn Ayurveda, a closely related condition known as Galaganda (Hypothyroidism), is described, rooted in vitiation of Kapha-Vata dosha, Agnimandya (impaired metabolic fire), and Dhatudushti (tissue derangement). Modern management largely depends on synthetic hormone replacement, which addresses symptoms but often fails to correct underlying systemic imbalances. This 80-day case study explores the Ayurvedic management of hypothyroidism using Aparajita Shweta (Clitoria ternatea Linn.) root powder administered with Ghrita (clarified butter) A classical Ayurveda combination to combat above condition mentioned in Yogartnakar. The intervention focused on correcting Doshic imbalance, enhancing Agni, and detoxifying Aama and Garavisha influences. A marked improvement was observed in both subjective symptoms (fatigue, swelling, skin dryness) and objective markers such as weight and TSH level, which reduced from 14.47 µU/mL to 7.17 µU/mL. Clinical grading showed significant reduction in neck swelling and associated discomfort. The findings emphasize the herb’s Shothahara (anti-inflammatory), Kanthya (beneficial for throat disorders), Vishaghna (detoxifying), Agnideepana (digestive fire enhancing), and Medhya (nootropic) properties, suggesting a promising Ayurvedic approach for the management of Galaganda(Hypothyroidism), particularly in cases attributed to Garavisha-janya Galaganda.A condition resulting from chronic exposure to artificial or incompatible toxins (Garavisha). The use of Ghrita (Cows ghee) as an anupana (therapeutic carrier) significantly enhances the bioavailability and potency of the herbal formulation. Ghrita possesses Yogavahi karma (its unique ability to carry the properties of the substances it is combined with deep into the tissues without altering their nature) supported by Trikatu and Gandharvaharitaki for Agni enhancement, Ama digestion and Vatanulomana
A community-based study for evaluation of Ayurvedic formulations in the management of Osteoarthritis Knee
Full text linkBackground: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a major public health concern that leads to pain, disability and decreased quality of life. A similar condition has been described in Ayurveda under the name Sandhigata Vata which is caused by vitiation of Vata in the body. Objectives: Evaluation of the effectiveness and tolerability of Yograj Guggulu, Ashwagandha Churna, and Narayana Taila in OA knee. Materials and methods: The study was a prospective, multi-center, non-controlled interventional, community-based study conducted in 10 centres in India. 493 participants of any gender aged between 40 to 65 years & diagnosed with OA knee as per the diagnostic criteria American College of Rheumatology (2012), were enrolled in the study considering selection criteria. Ayurvedic formulations, Yograj Guggulu & Ashwagandha Churna were administered orally along with the local application of Narayana Taila twice daily for 12 weeks. The assessment was carried out on 28th, 56th, 84th and 112th day for any changes in the outcome measures. Results: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score, the WOMAC sub-scores for pain, stiffness and difficulty in physical activity, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for pain and the disease-specific symptoms were significantly decreased throughout treatment and during follow-up without intervention. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the Ayurvedic interventions are well tolerable and beneficial in reducing the symptoms of OA knee
Pharmaceutical standardisation and analytical validation of Herbal formulation capsule - UNEX
Full text linkStandardisation and validation for herbal preparation using modern parameters of analytics are crucial in present era. Capsule Unex is one such formulation useful for renal diseases like urinary tract infections, renal stones, blood purifier etc. The study has been specifically performed on the latest scientific measures to ensure capsules quality standards and validate it analytically. Three batches of capsule Unex were manufactured and tested at Unijules Life Sciences Ltd. Nagpur (MS), India for organoleptic, physicochemical and physical characters, heavy metal, pesticide residue, microbial, fungal and mould limits, along with a chromatographic evaluation. All the parameters were checked against established analytical specifications and batch to batch variation was analysed. The capsule weighs of 500 mg with variation of defined limit ± 7.5 %, disintegration time (NMT 30 min), bulk density (0.71 to 0.81 g/ml), loss on drying (NMT 10 % w/w), pH (4 to 6), percentage total ash (NMT 16.3 %w/w), percentage acid insoluble ash (NMT 5.1 %w/w), percentage water soluble extractives (NLT 26.0 %w/w), percentage alcohol soluble extractives (NLT 11.6 %w/w). Fingerprinting assay revealed Rf values of Gokshura and Punarnava at 254 and 366 nm as described in API. Capsules were observed free from heavy metals like lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury; pesticide namely organochlorine, organo-phosphorous and pyrethroids, microbes like Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli, Samnonella, Staphylococcus, Psedomonas aeruginosa, aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B1+B2+G1+G2 free. Total microbial, yeast and mould count was within the prescribed limits indicating good manufacturing practices. This study reveals the manufacturing of capsule Unex does complies API standards of raw material and in-house standards of capsule Unex specifications and will serve as therapeutically safe and efficacious formulation