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XX A. PIRMOSIOS PUSĖS AUKŠTADVARIO APYLINKĖS LIETUVIŲ IR KITATAUČIŲ ETNIŠKUMO SAMPRATA RENKANTIS GYDYMOSI PRAKTIKAS
Full text linkIn the 19th and the first half of the 20th century, an opposition between official medicine and folk medicine, partly based on ethnic aspects, formed in Lithuania. The article analyses the alternation in the ‘self-other’ opposition in the choice of treatment. Folk medicine traditions existed alongside standard medicine in the town of Aukštadvaris, which was characterised as multi-confessional in the first half of the 20th century (despite the tensions, Lithuanians, Poles, Jews and Tartars lived together harmoniously). Faith healers with extraordinary qualities or powers were classified as ‘other’. So the choice of treatment reveals two aspects: the concept of ethnicity, and mythical perception (when dealing with those engaged in other activities). Studies have shown that in a disaster or illness, the ‘self-other’ opposition declines. An opposition between official medicine and folk medicine did not form in the Aukštadvaris area.Key words: ethnicity, ‘self-other’, folk medicine, official medicine, faith healer.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rh.v26i0.205
Preface
Full text linkScientific journal Tiltai / Bridges / Brücken published by Klaipėda University (established in 1991) is devoted to the issues of social sciences, and seeking academic dialogue, also to other human and society functioning-related humanities and biomedical sciences, with expand and interpret different social phenomena and current issues from an interdisciplinary perspective. The publications attempts at analysing and solving actual problems of economy, management, demography, social geography, geopolitics, political sciences, history, education, religious, regional planning and land use, other social problems. Science has no borders. Therefore scientific cooperation is one of the most important elements in the progress of world’s community. Scientists from different countries of the world are kindly invited to write for and contribute to the journal
The Integration of National Minorities in Finland and Estonia during the Interwar Period (1918–1939)
Full text linkIn the interwar years, Finland and Estonia were characterised by the fact that in both countriesexceptionally broad linguistic and cultural rights were given to national minorities, comparedwith the situation in the rest of Europe. There were several factors behind this. One was therelationship between ethnic groups from a historical perspective. Another was each country’sinternal debate on the kind of social order in general that was to be built. The third was howpolitics in Finland and Estonia was influenced by international trends and theories on hownational minorities should be treated. The article analyses how national minorities were takeninto account in the Finnish and Estonian constitutions which held true in the period betweenthe two world wars, and why account was taken precisely in a certain way. At the same time, itconsiders what kind of views in this regard were presented by different political parties, whatkind of debates were held in the parliaments of both countries, and how the matter was dealtwith by other significant interest groups.Key words: Finnish legislation, Estonian legislation, national minorities, national relations
INCOME INEQUALITY, FISCAL POLICY AND LIFE SATISFACTION IN THE BALTIC STATES
Full text linkIncome inequality has received widespread attention in the scientific literature. Income inequality has a significant impact on the health and education levels of the population, as well as increases social tension and crime rates, however there is less research on the impact of income inequality on people`s overall life satisfaction. In Lithuania and Latvia, income inequality expressed by the Gini index of disposable income is among the highest in the EU, whereas in Estonia, income inequality is slightly higher than the average in the EU. Similar results are also found for the Lithuania and Latvia regarding overall life satisfaction, which is among the lowest in the EU, while overall life satisfaction in Estonia is somewhat lower than the average in the EU. The aim of the research is to assess whether income inequality has a negative impact on people`s overall life satisfaction and to evaluate how fiscal policy has affected income inequality and overall life satisfaction in the Baltic States. The results of the research show that income inequality and life satisfaction are negatively correlated, and that fiscal policy has reduced income inequality in the Baltic States, expressed by the Gini index based on market income, on average by 30%.KEYWORDS: fiscal policy, income inequality, life satisfaction.JEL CODES: E62; O15DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v31i2.210
TURKEY’S KURDISH QUESTION: OPPORTUNITIES AND PREDICAMENTS
Full text linkSince the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, the Kurdish question has been the biggest ethnic issue of Turkey which became one of the important subjects in the agenda of Turkey and international organizations. The question has certain impacts on the stability of the country that is today being associated with security and terror issues. Consequently the Kurdish question challenges the state and the country in the aspects of ethnic problems, human rights, democracy, as well as socio-economic and political. The aim of this article is to uncover how the Kurdish question challenges the stability in terms of Turkish state and the Kurds. In this regard, the research engages several objectives; evaluations of approaches toward Kurdish issue, analyzing historical background, and evaluation of the issue in the present time. Research methods of the paper consists of comparative analysis of decision, document analysis on the reports and agreements, descriptive method on the developments, and media analysis to engage relevant news. The main results of the research are concluded on variety aspects of the Kurdish question, such as security, terrorism, minority issue, human rights, and so on. Thus, it creates certain impacts on the stability in Turkey both in terms of state and the Kurds regionally and internationally.Key words: Turkey, Kurds, PKK, Ocalan, AKPJEL CODES: K1, D74, D78doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v31i2.209
Darbas, kaip viena pagrindinių tėvo ir vyro santykį su visuomene bei šeimA keičiančių sąlygų. Moters vaidmuo įsiliejUS į darbo rinkĄ
Full text linkA man living in an ultramodern society is increasingly questioning the meaning of his own existence, which is closely related to the finding of the answer of his own identity and the understanding of his place in the family and the society. In this process the very important place goes to the question of males self-realization in the labor market and to the way how a woman enters in to the labor market. The relationship between these two protagonists – the man and the woman – and the correlation of that relationship is what brings the man or the father to identity crises. The influence of the labor market is one of the most important factors contributing to identity crises in the sphere of been a male and in the sphere of being a woman. In this article we will analyse the changes of the ultramodern society, which have their connection with the transformations in the labor market and their influence on the men and the fathers of the ultramodern society.KEY WORDS: job, labor market, identity crisis, parenting crisis, masculinity crisis, female work, relationship, gender equality
WHY IS IT NOT SO EASY FOR A PRESENT-DAY PHYSICIST TO BE GENUINELY A CHRISTIAN?
Full text linkA short description of the relationship between Physics, Philosophy and Theology is: Physics neglects or passes by Natural Realism, which is the origin of Philosophy. In turn, Natural Realism is backed up by Judeo-Christian revelation. Therefore, Physics neglects or passes by Theology. That relationship between Physics and Theology is widely used as a background for exercising an intense pressure on Theology. The defence of Theology should begin by pointing out certain shortcomings of Physics and formulating a philosophical control of these shortcomings. This is tantamount to turning Physics instead of Theology into a “site under construction”. Only a “controlled” Physics and Theology are adequate discussion partners. The author of this article is a Catholic. However, the ideas expressed are, by and large, acceptable for Orthodox and Lutheran Christians as well, with possible differences only regarding natural theology.KEY WORDS: Physic, Christianity, theology
AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF YOUTH (AGED 16 TO 19) IN THE SOUTHERN BALTIC REGION: THE SITUATION IN SCHOOLS
Full text linkThis study presents an internationally (cross-border) representative picture of the school environment, atmosphere and action taken by schools aiming at the involvement of students in their actions. The study was conducted within the framework of the CaSYPoT project (Capacity Building for Strategic Youth Policy and Transnational Cooperation) under the Interreg South Baltic Programme 2014-2020 (Project No STHB.05.01.00-SE-0024/15). The main aim of the CaSYPot project was to encourage young people to get involved in local democracy, and to present youth as a resource in the development of society. Furthermore, for the design and implementation of the southern Baltic youth strategy, it is important to gain an insight into the current situation regarding the environment in schools. One section of this survey was addressed to the situation of youth in schools. The international survey for the CaSYPoT project was conducted among 1,593 students, in six towns in the southern Baltic region, in Sweden, Poland, Russia and Lithuania, from April to June 2017. The project partner’s towns carried out a survey on teenagers aged 16 to 19, identifying their needs and problems in school, and providing comparable data. The questionnaire contained questions addressing young people’s well-being and atmosphere of safety, the climate at school, and their experience in getting involved in the work of the school and their influence on decision making. To sum up, the study describes the current situation in schools, which is essential for the development and evaluation of future policies and actions. The survey covers a wide range of student opinions on school, and begins with a summary of the key findings drawn from an analysis of the survey, and strategic recommendations for the future.KEY WORDS: school, students, youth, education, strategy, CaSYPoT project.JEL CODES: H51, H52, H53, H75DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v30i1.203
GOVERNANCE PRACTICES AND LONGEVITY OF JAPANESE FAMILY FIRMS. AN INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW AND FUTURE RESEARCH
No full textJapanese family firms are distinguished by various interesting yet different characteristics from their counterparts in other countries. Among these characteristics are the governing structure of the ‘ie’ system, the influencing role of ‘codes of merchants’, the adoption of non-blood sons to succeed to the business, and the long-lived phenomenon of century-old family firms. Despite numerous important studies explaining these characteristics, our essential knowledge about the rational logic behind them remains limited. Thus, to further aid our understanding of these characteristics and the logical essence, this article reviews a range of literature on institutional embeddedness, including socio-political history, cultural values, and religious influence on Japanese family firms. The article also proposes a research direction to comprehend better the institutional logics behind Japanese family firms and their behaviour. KEYWORDS: longevity, Japanese family firms, codes of merchants, ‘ie’ system, institutional logic. JEL CODES: M1, D1, L2doi
CAPACITY BUILDING THROUGH KNOWLEDGE ALLIANCES AND COLLABORATIVE CREATIVITY
No full textAcross the social work and social pedagogy educational programmes in Sweden, the nature and process of curriculum designs require engagement with multiple stakeholders within a highly complex context. A number of studies have identified diverse models of academic collaborations derived from various theoretical positions and environmental influences. This article explores collaborative creativity embedded in Swedish national and international Erasmus networking. Research participants consisted of teaching staff, fieldworkers, experts and researchers. This study goes on to propose knowledge alliances as action models for capacity building in social pedagogy and social work professional practice. It is concluded that sharing information and perspectives on, for example, contextual aspects and theoretical viewpoints in which scholars and practitioners operate, provides inspiration for capacity building in social pedagogical educational settings. This article has been prepared within the framework of the project ‘Social Professions for Youth Education in the Context of European Solidarity’ (2019-1-PL 01-KA203-065091).KEYWORDS: collaboration, creativity, social pedagogy, social work, health and society, higher education, IaHDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/tbb.v84i1.213