Bilingual Publishing Co. (BPC): E-Journals
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Complex PTSD and Forced Migration of Children and Adolescents from Latin America
No full textIn order to provide culturally competent care to children and adolescents that have been subject to forced migration, clinicians must first understand the unique trauma these individuals experienced. Victims of forced migration frequently experience trauma pre-displacement, typically resulting from the same factors that led to the forced migration. They then often experience trauma during the migration itself and post-migration as they settle in a new environment, sometimes without their families if they are unaccompanied minors. An increased risk of developing complex PTSD (C-PTSD) correlates with the number of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) such as those experienced by children and adolescents that experience forced migration. Understanding the nuances of these traumas and their specific manifestations for the individual child or adolescent is critical for effective behavioral health support. Trauma signature (TSIG) analysis offers clinicians a method to understand the relationship between traumatic events and the physical and psychological consequences to best support these victims
Comparative Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Surface Water in Ikoli River and Epie Creek in Yenagoa Metropolis Using Geographical Information System
No full textThe article is the investigation of heavy metals pollution on surface water in Ikoli River and Epie creek in Yenagoa, metropolis, Bayelsa State. Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Fe, Zn was determined and evaluated using Geographical Information System. Zinc concentration was below the permissible limit of 3 mg/L in all the locations sampled. Iron is 77.78% below the limit of WHO 2011 of 0.3 mg/L while other heavy metals examined in Ikoli River and Epie creek are highly polluted. The pollution index for contamination index shows 11.11% sample are high and 88.89% are low while the evaluation of heavy metal index and the pollution index load of the heavy
metals contain 22.11% of the sample are low and 77.78% are high which imply the Ikoli River and Epie creek is polluted. Multivariate treatment of the result revealed a good correlation between the PCA and HCA, which showed activities of natural processes and man influenced environmental sources of the heavy metals which were mainly products of automobiles exhaust, water tank leakages as well as dumping of radioactive wastes and burning. The study investigated successfully the potential use of GIS with
the help of multiple criteria decision analysis to predict and characterize areas of high pollution, medium, and low pollution in the study area
A Preliminary Exploration of the Functional Value Assessment of Ecosystem Services in Aral City
No full textUsing the principles and methods of eco-economics as the research object, Aral City comprehensively expounds the ecological service functions such as ecosystem regulation of climate, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, water conservation and purification environment, and evaluates its economic value.The total value of the estimated 2021 is 1303.65 million yuan. At the same time, the importance of ecological service functions of urban ecosystems, from large to small, is to sequester carbon and release oxygen, purify the environment, maintain soil, conserd water sources, regulate the climate. The ecosystem service function which needs to be paid attention to in the concept of ecological construction and restoration of the next stage of ecological construction in Aral City
Spatio-temporal Changes in the Regime of Rivers in the Pripyat River Catchment and Climate Change
No full textIn work features of a hydrological regime of catchments of the river of the Pripyat in climate change are considered. Researches of meteorological characteristics of the given territory show the tendency to growth, both temperatures of air, and precipitation, evaporation from a surface of water and ground also show the tendency to increase. That is not unequivocally reflected in change of a course of hydrological characteristics waters objects of territory. On a part of pools of the rivers the mid-annual runoff of water in the rivers in time tends to growth, and Change of levels of subsoil waters decreases for parts - on a turn - here, as a rule, tends a course in time opposite to a mid-annual runoff of water in the rivers. Change of the maximal temperature of water in the rivers in time repeats the tendency of a course of a runoff of water in them, i.e. at increase in a runoff of water in the rivers - the maximal temperature increases, and at reduction - decreases. The increase in temperature of a superficial component of a runoff of the rivers occurs because of the general increase in temperature of air in considered territory. Silt charge waters in all territory decreases, despite of increase in quantity of atmospheric precipitation and increases or reduction of a runoff of water in the rivers. The relationship between the water runoff layer and precipitation and soil moisture has a certain time delay. The average annual water temperature over time shows a tendency to increase at almost all stations, while the change in the maximum water temperature in rivers over time has a multidirectional tendency and to a greater extent depends on the change in water depth in the river, a decrease in high water maximums and frequent thaws, etc. The studies carried out show that the preservation of moisture in thick layers of soil (0 cm-100 cm) contributes to an increase in water flow in rivers and in the modern conditions of Polesie of Ukraine this will solve a number of problems with the provision of high-quality water resources for various industries and the population
History and Projection of Hydrological Droughts in the Benin Basin of the Niger River (Benin)
No full textIn the context of a changing climate, the Beninese Niger River basin has been the focus of several research studies for the quantification, planning, and modeling of water and related resources for sustainable use. This research aims to characterize the historical (1976-2019) and projected (2021- 2050) hydrological drought of the Beninese Niger River basin. The study used daily observations of rainfall, maximum and minimum temperatures, runoff rates and simulations of HIRHAM and REMO RCMs from fifteen (15) rainfall stations installed around the basin. It uses standardized streamflow indices (SDI) at 12-month and 36-month time steps. The results show that the calculated SDI indices show, on average, for all the model scenarios used, chronological trends of increase. These increases are not significant (are of the order of 0.00001 per year). The analysis of the SDI indices shows that, on average, the hydrological droughts in the Beninese basin of the Niger River will increase at 36 months and decrease at 12 months of the SDI. In fact, these small variations of hydrological droughts will be accompanied by the increase of their duration and the decrease of their magnitudes. The droughts detected in the Benin basin of the Niger River during the historical period will continue until 2050 in the same range but with more extended drought lengths. It should be noted that most of the changes observed in the calculated and analyzed indices are not significant
Mechanical and Microstructural Analysis of Waste Ceramic Optimal Concrete Reinforced by Hybrid Fibers Materials: A Comprehensive Study
No full textCombining different types of fibers inside a concrete mixture was revealed to improve the strength properties of cementitious matrices by monitoring crack initiation and propagation. The contribution of hybrid fibers needs to be thoroughly investigated, considering various parameters such as fibers type and content. The present study aims to carry out some mechanical and microstructural characteristics of Waste Ceramic Optimal Concrete (WOC) reinforced by hybrid fibers. Reinforcement materials consist of three different fiber types: hook-ended steel fiber (HK), crimped steel fiber (CR) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and the effect of their addition on the waste ceramic composites’ mechanical behaviour. Furthermore, a microstructural analysis was carried out to understand the waste ceramic matrix composition and its bonding to hybrid fibers. Results showed that the addition of hybrid fibers improved the strength characteristics of the ceramic waste composites. For instance, the existence of PVA-CR increased the tensile and flexural strength of the waste ceramic composite by 85.44% and 70.37%, respectively, with respect to the control sample (WOC). As well as hybrid fiber exhibits improved morphological properties as a result of increased pore filling with dense and compact structure, as well as increased C–H crystals and denser structure in pastes as a result of the incorporation of hybrid fibers into the concrete mix. The present experimental research shows the choice of using steel fiber with PVA as a reinforcement material. The idea of adding hybrid fiber is to prepare the economic, environmental, and technological concrete. Moreover, it offers a possibility for improving concrete’s durability, which is vital. Finally, it was concluded that steel fiber is more durable, and stiffer and provides adequate first crack strength and ultimate strength. In contrast, the PVA fiber is relatively flexible and improves the post-crack zone’s toughness and strain capacity
Thermo-Mechanical Modeling of High-Strength Concrete Column Subjected to Moderate Case Heating Scenario in a Fire
No full textThis paper presents a numerically developed computer model to simulatethe thermal behavior and evaluate the mechanical performance of a fixedend loaded loaded High Strength Concrete Column (HSCC), subjectedto Moderate Case Heating Scenario (MCHS), in a hydrocarbon fire. Thetemperature distribution within the mid-height cross-sectional area of thecolumn was obtained to determine the thermal and mechanical responsesas a function of temperature. The governing two-dimensional transient heattransfer partial differential equation (PDE), was converted into a set of ordinary algebraic equations, subsequently, integrated numerically by usingthe explicit finite difference method, (FDM). A computer program, VisualBasic for Applications (VBA), was then developed to solve the set of ordinary algebraic equations by implementing the boundary as well as initialconditions. The predictions of the model were validated against experimental data from previous studies. The general behavior of the model as wellas the effect of the key model parameters were investigated at length in thereview. Finally, the reduction in the column’s compression strength and themodulus of elasticity was estimated using correlations from existing literature. And the HSCC failure load under fire conditions was predicted usingthe Rankine formula. The results showed that the model predictions of thetemperature distribution within the concrete column are in good agreementwith the experimental data. Furthermore, the increase in temperature ofthe reinforced concrete column, (RCC), due to fire resulted in a significantreduction in the column compression strength and considerably acceleratesthe column fire failure load
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Evaluation of Higher Education Learning Environments
No full textIndoor Air Quality (IAQ), particularly in educational facilities, is gainingconsiderable interest and is a synonymous indicator towards evaluatinghuman comfort. Factors such as CO2 concentration, temperature, andhumidity play crucial parts in determining an acceptable level of IAQ.Many studies have also demonstrated that the indoor air quality ofclassrooms affects students’ concentration and performance. Today withthe threat of a global pandemic, the demand of clean & fresh indoor airquality in education buildings is extremely intensive. This study focuseson investigating IAQ situations and changes in different typical functionalspaces of a higher education building in the UK. CO2, temperature, andhumidity data in various learning environment were monitored via dataloggers during the winter. Associated with data monitoring, a set ofquestionnaires surveys were carried out to evaluate the user’s experience.The results of this study show that temperature and CO2 concentrationin the classrooms was constantly higher than the government guidanceon a daily basis. The analysis also shows that temperature and humidityincreased with CO2 levels, but at a much lower rate. This study hasrevealed poor and concerning IAQ in higher education buildings in the UK,particularly in larger rooms with high occupancy. Along with the findings,this paper also identifies possible impact or factors and proposes solutionsto overcome these issues
Repair and Restoration of the Historical Wellesley Bridge at Srirangapatna: A Case Study
No full textThe Historical Wellesley Bridge, built by the Krishnaraja Wadiyar under the supervision of Dewan Purnaih across river Cauvery at Srirangapatna. Situation of bridge is got when heavy rainfall followed by heavy inflow from Cauvery Catchment area in Kodagu District. At present, the Government of Karnataka has taken measures to do the restoration works using the same previously used materials with slight changes. Hence, in the present investigation the authors are doing a case study on the above structure by testing the ingredients of the materials used for it and also by conducting Non-Destructive Test on the structure to know its strength before and after restoration. Based on the test results obtained, the authors will give a conclusion with respect to durability aspects. In addition to the above, the authors will test for few alternative materials i.e., lime mortar with Cement (i.e. MM2 Grade Masonary mortar). Finally, from the obtained test results here the authors can suggest suitable material for the structures