Bilingual Publishing Co. (BPC): E-Journals
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Silt Charge of Water in the River Sluch: Dynamics on Length and in Time
No full textChange silt charge of water in the rivers can negatively be reflected in throughput the rivers beds, stability of coast, change of river structures, dis appearance of boggy places, etc. In work questions of variability silt charge waters in the river Sluch in time and on length of the river are considered. It is revealed that in time average and maximal silt charge waters decrease. While on length of the river change silt charge waters is shown not precise ly, similar on some increase silt charge waters to a mouth of the river. The researches led by the factorial analysis and graphic-analytical method on the basis of long-term materials of measurement of charges of water have shown that, on a part of posts average depth of water in the river grows, and on others - cyclically changes with the general tendency to reduction. Aver age speed in them, accordingly, falls and grows. Stratification of interrela tions of a silt charge with other factors on years is observed. The reasons of reduction of a silt charge are: 1) agrarian and forest meliorative actions on a catchments of the river, hydraulic engineering construction; 2) grassy bed of the river; 3) change of a climate that promotes growth of temperature of a surface of soils and grassy bed of the river. In developed natural-climatic conditions expediently application on reservoirs of the antierosion organi zation of territory of the land tenure including agrarian- forests- meliorative actions that will allow to adjust outflow of a moisture from reservoirs to lower warming up of a surface of the soils, to provide against a high water protection and it will favorably be reflected in manufacture of agricultural production
Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Warburgia ugandensis, Prunus africana, and Piliostigma thonningii against Leishmania donovani in vitro and in Balb/c Mice
No full textLeishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Conventional chemotherapy remains to be the most preferred measure against leishmaniasis despite being associated with high toxicity and relapse rates. They are also expensive and require hospitalization. Plant-based compounds provide a better treatment alternative because they are effective, cheap, and less associated with toxicity and resistance. This study examined the therapeutic potential of Warburgia ugandensis, Prunus africana, and Piliostigma thonningii against Leishmania donovani infection in BALB/c mice. Anti-promastigote and toxicity studies were evaluated by incubating the test compound with promastigotes and Vero cells, respectively. Serum was obtained from the mice for total immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) quantification. For in vivo studies, the mice were infected with virulent Leishmania donovani then treated with methanolic extracts of Warburgia ugandensis, Prunus africana, and Piliostigma thonningii and control drug, pentostam (sodium stibogluconate). Treatment with the plant extracts and standard drug resulted to significant reduction in parasite burden. Outcomes in the mice treated with plant extracts were comparable to those treated with pentostam (P≥0.05). In the promastigote assay, all the test compounds killed more than half of the promastigotes at the highest concentration (500 µg/mL). Warburgia ugandensis, P. thonningii, and P. africana reduced the number of promastigotes from 2.0 × 106 to 7.7 × 103 , 72.0 × 103 , and 5.0 × 103 , respectively. Pentostam had the lowest IC50 (210 µg/mL), followed by Warburgia ugandensis (IC50 of 270 µg/mL). Piliostigma thonningii and P. africana were less toxic with IC50 of 720 µg/mL and 500 µg/mL, respectively. There was low production of IgG antibodies following treatment with the plant extracts and high levels in the untreated control
Screening and Analysis of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Psorospermum febrifugum (SPACH)
No full textPhytochemical components have been reported for various plants but very little information on Psorospermum febrifugum (SPACH). The presence of biocidal activity makes the spach of potential interest for the control of micro-organisms. Methanolic extract of the leaves of spach shows the various constituents (alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, and steroids). Further investigation revealed phytoconstituents of methanolic leaf extract using gas chromatography-spectrophotometric techniques (GC-MS). Result of GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of eight (8) botanical pesticides with valuable biological activities. The GC-MS results revealed that eight (8) biocidal activities were present in spach namely: 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrachloronaphtalene, Permetrin-a, permetrin-b, cyfluthrin-b, cypermethrin-a, cypermethrin-c, and flumethrin-b. The result clearly shows that Psorospermum febrifugum hold phytocomponents species of botanical interest that could still be exploited
Wild Edible Plants Used by the Tribes of Panvel and Uran Tahsils in Alibaugh District, India: Ethnobotanical Application and Tribal Recipes
No full textThe “Indus-Vedic” cultural heritage of India is well-known. Wild edible plants, sometimes known as weeds, are widely consumed in India’s varied areas. Wild edible plants and weeds are essential for tribes’ survival, both as a source of food and as a source of money, such as timber. This study aims to identify wild vegetables collected for ethnomedical purposes and their recipes by the local people, as well as determine the local uses and names of these plants, with the goal of closing the gap in traditional knowledge regarding the utility of wild plant species and tapping the hidden potential resources for proper utilization, exploitation, and nutritive evaluation. A field research study was conducted two years 2020-2021. 34 wild vegetable plant specimens were collected during this time. The names of the plants found in the area, as well as the parts that were used and how they were prepared, were examined and recorded. This type of extensive survey technique could assist aspiring scientists in learning about the health advantages of wild food plants and weeds, which can subsequently be combined to generate successful crop plants. Such a system will benefit in the mitigation of food shortages, the regeneration of infertile lands, and the enhancement of rural economies
Correlation and Path Coefficient Analyses of Yield in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
No full textCacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important commodity tree crop which produces the cocoa bean, a major source of income for most West African countries and many smallholder farmers. Declining yield of cacao is a major limitation to cocoa production in Nigeria. This study aimed at determining the correlations of the phenotypic traits that were related in the yield of the cacao genotypes. Nine cacao hybrids produced from some high-yielding parents in the research farm of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria were evaluated from 2012 through 2017 in Owena (7°11’ N, 5°1’ E), Ondo state, Nigeria. Character Correlations and Path Coefficient Analysis were used in the description of the performance of the genotypes. The study concluded that significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations existed among many of the pairs of the fruit and bean characters with one another and with pod index, suggesting a complex contribution of these characters either positively or negatively to growth and yield in cacao, and that fruit and bean traits are determinants of yield in cacao
Distance Interventions for Children with Sleep Problems: A Review
No full textSleep problems in childhood are frequent and may cause damage to the children and their families; however, parental orientation appears to be effective in its many new formats, such as the distance treatment. This study aimed to review the literature about behavioral intervention performed by distance to sleep problems in childhood and summarize the main characteristics of such interventions. Searches were performed up to November 2021 in BVS Psicologia ULAPSI Brasil, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO, using the key words: sleep problems, insomnia, nighttime fears, behavioral intervention, behavioral treatment, treatment, intervention, sleep, behavior, child, children, infant, mobile phones, smartphone, app, telephone, online, internet, bibliotherapy. We included 14 studies. The main results indicate that interventions were implemented between 2 and 12 weeks, the most reported procedure was pre-sleep routines, and semipresential interventions that required some presential contact were the most frequent. Written educational information about sleep through bibliotherapy and telephone contacts were the most used tools to implement the remote component of interventions. Ten studies indicated improvements on children’s sleep, and secondary results (parental sleep and/or mental health) were also reported among studies. Therefore, our findings suggest that distance interventions for childhood sleep problems are promising, but future research is still neede
The Influence of Parent-Child Relationship on Pupils’ Learning Motivation: The Mediating Role of Teacher-Student Relationship
No full textObjective: The study is to analyze the influence of parent-child relationship on pupils’ learning motivation, and to explore the mediating mechanism of teacher-student relationship in parent-child relationship and learning motivation. Method: This study conducted a questionnaire survey on 213 pupils in Grades 5 and 6 in two schools in Beijing using Pianta’s teacher-student relationship scale revised by Qu, Dornbush’s parent-child intimacy scale revised by Zhang and the learning motivation scale adapted by Hu. Results: Gender, grade, whether they are the only child and to be a class cadre or not show significant differences in some dimensions of parent-child relationship, teacherstudent relationship and learning motivation. The total scores of parent-child relationship, teacher-student relationship and learning motivation are positively correlated, and some sub dimensions are also significantly correlated. Parentchild relationship and teacher-student relationship have a significant positive predictive effect on learning motivation, and parent-child relationship has a significant positive predictive effect on teacher-student relationship. Teacher-student relationship plays a mediating role in the influence of parent-child relationship on learning motivation. Conclusions: Parent-child relationship can promote the relationship between teachers and students, and then enhance pupils’ learning motivation
Assessment of Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Landuse/Landcover Change Drivers in Abuja, Nigeria
No full textLanduse/Landcover (LULC) changes are recognised as some of the major causes of environmental problems like land degradation and climate change. To achieve sustainability, we need to properly understand such changes in order to have adequate information that will enable us to design and implementing measures to mitigate their negative impacts. Doing this particularly requires a proper understanding of how stakeholders perceive the changes in general and their drivers in particular. Unfortunately,not much is known for many areas about the perspective of landuse stakeholders on drivers of LULC changes. This paper reports the results of a study conducted to examine the perceptions of different landuse stakeholders on drivers of LULC changes in Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.Questionnaire survey was utilised, involving 514 households across four settlements, 2 rural (Karshi and Orozo) and 2 urban (Nyanya and Karu) towns in the territory, which were complimented with Focus Group Discussions were conducted. The results obtained showed that urban dwellers are largely aware of drivers of changes in socioeconomic drivers (physical development on lands, more commercial complex development and more institutional development). Rural dwellers are largely aware of environmental drivers of LULC changes (bush burning, livestock overgrazing, collections of wood and medicinal plants,and agricultural expansion). It was concluded that there is the need to bring about a harmonisation of the perceptions of LULC change drivers by the rural and urban dwellers so as to bring about a common front understanding and responding to LULC changes in the study area
The Use of Airborne LiDAR in Assessing Coastal Erosion in the Southeastern USA
No full textChanges in sea level along the coastal southeastern United States (U.S.) influence the dynamic coastal response. In particular, the Southeast Coastal Network (SECN) of the National Park Service (NPS) has exhibited evidence of fluctuations in sea level which caused coastal erosion. Airborne LiDAR acquired from NOAA for Fort Matanzas National Monument, Fort Pulaski National Monument, Charles Pinckney National Historic Site, and Cape Lookout National Seashore were analyzed to identify changes in both elevation and the spatial volume of unconsolidated sedimentary material in the coastal southeast over time. Areas that exhibited an increase (deposited material) or decrease (eroded material) in elevation were mapped across the study area from 2006 to 2018. Results indicate a quasi-cyclic process where unconsolidated sediment distribution and the morphodynamic equilibrium changes with time. The coastal zones are steadily oscillating between the process of erosion and deposition affecting the coastal geomorphological dynamic. The use of LiDAR for evaluating coastal sustainability and resiliency due to this environmental phenomenon is clear
Indoor Particulate Matter Assessment in a Northern Nigerian Abattoir and a Residential Building
No full textIndoor air pollution in buildings puts people at risk of developing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Particulate matter (PM) exposure is known to cause these health issues. Preliminary efforts were made in this study to assess the quantity and quality of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 present in an abattoir and a residential building in northern Nigeria. Canree A1 low-cost sensor was used to monitor the locations, 8 hourly for two weeks. The results showed that the average values (μg/m3 ) of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 in an abattoir were 62.74, 161.94, and 199.08, respectively, and in a residential building were 28.70, 83.31, and 103.71. The average Air Quality Index (AQI) of the abattoir office was Very Unhealthy, while the living room of the residential building was unhealthy. The PM2.5, and PM10 levels were higher than the international (WHO) and national (FMEnv) standard limits, indicating a potential danger to building occupants. It is expected that the indoor environment of the locations will be improved by the use of good ventilators (adequate windows and doors) and the provision of good extractors