Bilingual Publishing Co. (BPC): E-Journals
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Gathering Data, Providing Theoretical Foundations and Proposing Practical Pollution Reducing Measures to Strengthen the Global Fight against a Warming Atmosphere
No full textSignificant Improvement in Rainfall Forecast over Delhi: Annual and Seasonal Verification
No full textRegional Weather Forecasting Centre (RWFC) New Delhi has the responsibility to issue and disseminate rainfall forecast for Delhi. So it is very important to scientifically verify the rainfall forecast issued by RWFC. In this study rainfall forecast verification of Delhi has been carried out annually and season wise for the period 2011 to 2021. Various statistical parameters such as Percentage Correct (PC), Probability of Detection (POD), Missing Ratio (MR), False Alarm Ratio (FAR), Critical Success Index (CSI), True Skill Statistics (TSS) and Heidke Skill Score (HSS) have been calculated for season wise and annually. A forecast is considered to be improved if PC, POD, CSI, TSS and HSS increase and FAR and MR decrease over a period of time. The author can conclude that annual accuracy of forecast has increased significantly over the period of time from 2011 to 2021, as PC, POD, CSI, TSS and HSS increase and FAR and MR decrease over a period of time. Maximum contribution in the improved forecast has observed in transition season (pre-monsoon season followed by post-monsoon, having rainfall activity mainly in association with thunderstorms), when FAR and MR have decreased drastically
The Evil Couple: Illegal Mining in Water Bodies and Climate Change: A Case Study of Ghana
No full textFor the past few decades, illegal mining sector in Ghana popularly known as galamsey has received public outcry due to its negative impacts on quantity and quality of water resources. The purpose of this study was to explore the combined effects of mining in water bodies and climate change on water resources in Ghana. The methodology explored in the study was quantitative approach. The quality and quantity of most water bodies in Ghana had been compromised due to extraction of minerals, and such contaminants (heavy metals) include mercury, zinc, cyanide, sulphur etc. This phenomenon had made most water resources (e.g. River Fena, River Pra) unwholesome or inhabitable. Apart from this, climate change had also dried up some streams and rivers such as Anyinam, Offin and Goa. These unfortunate events had made water resources precarious which could spike water scarcity in the country in the near future. This paper, therefore, commends that stringent measures are to be taken to protect water bodies in the country as a menace of climate will continue to get worse
To the Question of the Assessment of Ecological Comfort of the Climate
No full textThe article is devoted to the discussion of the advantages of assessing the environmental comfort of the climate, based on the natural features of the climate and the bioclimatic conditions of the territory. The study assessed the ecological comfort of the climate in the city of Taganrog on the basis of the developed original sequence of performing three stages of assessing the totality of bioclimatic indicators with the final calculation of the values of the integral indicator of the bioclimatic comfort of the climate. The results of the assessment showed, according to the average long-term climatic data, the presence of sub-comfortable climates with a tendency to transition to comfortable climate conditions in the warm period of the year. The cold season was distinguished by uncomfortable conditions according to long-term average climatic data. Modeling calculations of the possible risk to the health of city residents in the presence of concentrations of suspended solids in the surface air layer, together with carbon monoxide, exceeding the maximum one-time values by more than 7 times, showed that the development of possible resorptive or carcinogenic effects in these circumstances will occur in 1/3 the population of the city. The prospects for the assessment of the ecological comfort of the climate, which allow in the future to adequately calculate the magnitude of environmental risks to public health caused by pollution of the surface air layer, are shown
Interpretation of Water Samples by Correspondence Analysis for Radioactive Elements in the Northern Coast of Oman Sea
No full textOman Sea is connecting belt between the Indian Ocean and PersianGulf. Because it strategic and environmental aim, presence of naturalradionuclide 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs as man-made element is considered.Water samples were taken from 36 marine spots at the coastal strip fromHormoz canyon to Goatr seaport in the northern coast of Oman Sea.Correspondence analysis is used to identify variation and relationshipbetween samples (Q-mood analysis) and variable (R-mood analysis) basedon approximate χ2 distances. Radioactive elements (226Ra, 232Th and 40K),physical (temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, special density) andchemical (salinity, oxygen and chlorophyll) parameters of water for 36samples handled by correspondence analysis, there are two outstandingresult, 1) Radioactive elements show high correlation in factors by greatereigenvalue, and 2) some of the samples such as W13, W24 and rather W02,W05 and W12 show highest activity from Radioactive elements and alsotemperature and conductivity show nearest relation with them in manyfactors
Comprehensive Investigation into the Menace of Roof Collapse in Tamale and the Way Forward
No full textThere is a perpetual problem of partial or complete roof collapse withinthe Tamale Metropolis and other parts of Ghana. This has become an issueof grave public concern since this menace affects both public buildingsof all kinds (schools, offices, churches, mosque etc.) as well as domesticbuildings.This research sets out to conduct comprehensive investigations into thenature of roof failures, causes, and effects and then propose remedialactions towards stemming the tide.The study employed the use of roof construction affirmation surveys,questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. Relevantinformation synthesized indicates that the roof type, construction materials,building type and environmental conditions are crucial causative factors.Major consequences of roof failures include damage to personal belongingsand exposure to inclement weather conditions, the psychological traumavictims are subjected and pressure on incomes and living conditions as aresult of the cost of repair or replacement of the roofs.It is recommended that expert advice be sought in checking maintenancerequirements of existing roofs in the study area and also during the designand construction of new roofs. Tree planting programmes for this heavilydeforested region should be encouraged. The use of green timber for roofconstruction must be replaced with well-seasoned ones. Proper constructiondetailing and placement openings buildings should be done so that windflow during a windstorm is optimized
Roles of Geospatial Technologies in Hydrographic Practice
No full textAny seafarer or mariner that uses the sea knows that navigation without correct charts is impossible and hazardous because nautical charts are the most essential and indispensable tools for vessels to sail safely at sea. For vessels to safely sail at sea, the seas and the oceans ought to be charted and this falls within the domain of hydrography. However, the seas cannot be charted effectively in the absence of the deployment of human resources and adequate tools like satellite and aerial imagery, survey boats and other equipment that will facilitate the hydrographic operations. The acquisition of data and information about the sea depths, nature of sea bed, waterways, navigational hazards and navigational objects among others, basically falls within the sphere of hydrography which is primarily known as survey at sea. The paper offers a review of geospatial technologies in hydrographic practice for enhanced safety of navigation at sea. The review is important to both the mariners, shipping industry and the government in order to explore the potentials provided by Geographic Information System, Remote Sensing, cloud GIS, big data GIS and Global Positioning System to enhance the practice of hydrography. The data and materials used for the review were obtained from literature in the internet and other published works. The paper looked at hydrography as a profession, roles of geospatial technologies in hydrographic practice, benefits of hydrography to national development and finally, the weaknesses of geospatial technologies in hydrographic practice were equally examined
Ecosystem Restoration: Enhancing Ecosystem Services with Floating Aquaculture
No full textRestoration ecologists recognize the need for restoring ecosystem services in sustainable ways that meet societal needs. In the UK, Ireland, Australia, and some US states the goal is restoring native oyster reefs. In other states, failures at restoration due to poor water quality and predation have focused restoration activities on techniques that work, restoring intertidal reefs and generating living shorelines that reduce or reverse erosion. In the United States, restoring water quality and reducing or reversing erosion are societally accepted entry points for repairing estuarine ecosystems. This study is an overview of the current status of oyster reef restoration and provide a novel approach called “oyster reef in a bag”. Combining oyster reef restoration efforts with existing floating oyster aquaculture technology generates novel ecosystems that are a combination of biofouling and oyster reef communities. These novel ecosystems could be a practical beginning to improve water quality, mitigate erosion and restore higher trophic level ecosystem services
Do Endocrinopathies Differ in Most Prevalent Hemoglobinopathy of Middle East: Beta-thalassemia?
No full textRepeated blood transfusions in thalassemia patients is followed by endocrinopathies as diabetes, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, hypoparathyroidism, and disorders in calcium and vitamin D homeostasis. The aimof this study was to evaluate the association of beta-thalassemia patientsendocrinopathies and osteoporosis. Serum level of some factors related tothe function of gonads, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas along with serumlevels of calcium, phosphate, albumin, vitamin D, and iron were measured.Bone marrow density was tested via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry(DXA densitometry). In this study, 56 patients with major thalassemia wereinvestigated. Paraclinical analysis indicated osteopenia in 17 (30.4%) andosteoporosis in 39 patients (69.6%) in addition to other types of endocrinedisorders, such as hypogonadism in 29 (51.8%), hypothyroidism in 13(23.2%), hypoparathyroidism in 1 (1.8%), hypocortisolism in 2 (3.6%), anddiabetes in 9 (16.1%) patients. Endocrinopathies had no significant relationship with osteoporosis and osteopenia in men. However, hypogonadismhad a significant relationship with osteoporosis and osteopenia in womenwith thalassemia. Estradiol level was lower in women with osteoporosisin comparison with women with osteopenia. Ferritin levels had neitherassociation with osteoporosis nor with LH levels (P>0.05). Secondary hypogonadism disorders are the main causes of osteoporosis and osteopeniain female beta-thalassemia patients
Terpenes of the Essential Oil from Ipomoea alba Leaf in Response to Herbivore and Mechanical Injuries
No full textThere is no doubt that the chemical composition of plants, including norvolatile and volatile compounds, is widely affected by abiotic and biotic stress. Plants are able to biosynthesize a variety of secondary metabolites against actions of natural enemies, such as herbivores, fungus, virus and bacteria. The present study revealed that the chemical compositions of leaf essential oils from Ipomoea alba underwent quantitative and qualitative alterations both when infested with the grasshopper Elaeochlora trilineata and mechanically damaged. Grasshopper attack and mechanical wounding induced the biosynthesis of nine volatile compounds in leaves of I. alba: cumene, α-ylangene, β-panasinsene, β-gurjunene aromadendrene, β-funebrene, spirolepechinene, cubenol and sclareolide. The amount of germacrene D (33.2% to 20.4%) decreased when the leaves were mechanically damaged; but when the leaves were attacked by a grasshopper, the germacrene D increased from 33.2% to 39.4%. The results showed that I. alba leaves clearly responded to abiotic and biotic stress and contribute to an understanding of plant responses to stress conditions