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Identifying Pufferfish Specie Using Deep Neural Networks And Face Embedding Method
No full textufferfish, acclaimed for its distinctive texture and extraor- dinary delicacy, is however notorious for the highly toxic poison. Identi- fying individual pufferfish can be very beneficial for the aquaculture and food processing industries, as it tackles the challenges of food security and nutrition strategies, as well as maintenance of a sustainable ecosys- tem. Current methods of identifying and tracking pufferfish mainly rely on heuristic visual recognition or manual intervention such as RFID. The rapid advances in deep learning together with the presence of large scale database, are now able to solve complex tasks that previously required human expertise. In this work, we have implemented a deep learning framework based on deep Face Recognition (deep FR) techniques, to identify individual pufferfish. First, we created a dataset of labeled and data augmented takifugu bimaculatus fish images, which is publicly ac- cessible as benchmark for interested researchers. Second, we conducted an extensive evaluation of state-of-the-art building blocks of Deep FR, in particular segmentation and loss functions, and conducted an ablation study for their applicability to pufferfish recognition. Third, we proposed a framework named FishIR composed of four deep FR stages. Experi- ments verified the effectiveness of this framework in terms of learning useful representation of individual pufferfish specie based on the back skin texture pattern. We believe that this approach can generalize to other similar individual recognition tasks, as well as contribute to the massive growth of smart farming and deep ocean fishery
Evaluating Publish/Subscribe Protocols for use in Constrained Networks
Full text linkConsidering the case of disaster relief and search and rescue operations, we can anticipate personnel operating with a total or partial lack of any pre-existing infrastructure. This means that ad hoc com- munication solutions must be established. Coupled with the abundant sensing capabilities provided through the innovation behind the Internet of Things (IoT), we need to identify suitable publish/subscribe protocols that can convey such data when facing various constrained networking conditions.
In this paper, we evaluate MQTT, MQTT for Sensor Networks (MQTT- SN), and ZeroMQ in several different relevant networking conditions. Based on the analysis of each protocol, we have concluded that they are suitable for use in less constrained networks but struggle with efficient communication in the more challenging ones. We found that MQTT shows good performance in the less limiting networks we have tested, only surpassed by MQTT-SN in some cases. However, due to tooling maturity and unsurpassed community support, we consider MQTT the "overall winner"
Branching execution symmetry in Jeopardy by available implicit arguments analysis
Full text linkWhen the inverse of an algorithm is well-defined – that is, when its output can be deterministically transformed into the input pro- ducing it – we say that the algorithm is invertible. While one can describe an invertible algorithm using a general-purpose programming language, it is generally not possible to guarantee that its inverse is well-defined without additional argument. Reversible languages enforce determinis- tic inverse interpretation at the cost of expressibility, by restricting the building blocks from which an algorithm may be constructed.
Jeopardy is a functional programming language designed for writing in- vertible algorithms without the syntactic restrictions of reversible pro- gramming. In particular, Jeopardy allows the limited use of locally non- invertible operations, provided that they are used in a way that can be statically determined to be globally invertible. However, guaranteeing invertibility in Jeopardy is not obvious.
One of the central problems in guaranteeing invertibility is that of de- ciding whether a program is symmetric in the face of branching control flow. In this paper, we show how Jeopardy can solve this problem, us- ing a program analysis called available implicit arguments analysis, to approximate branching symmetries
New Digital Signature Algorithm EHTv2
Full text linkEvery public-key encryption/decryption algorithm where the
set of possible plain-texts is identical to the set of possible cipher-texts
may be converted into a digital signature algorithm. That is quite different
in the lattice (code)-based public-key cryptography. The decryption algorithm on a random input produces a valid plain-text, that is a signature, with a negligible probability. That explains why it is so difficult to construct a new secure and efficient lattice-based digital signature system. Though several solutions are known and taking part in the NIST Post Quantum Standardisation Process there is still a need to construct digital signature algorithms based on new principles. In this work, a new and efficient digital signature algorithm is suggested. Its design is simple and transparent. Its security is based on the hardness of an approximate closest vector problem in the maximum norm for some q-ary lattices. The signature is several times shorter than that provided by the NIST Selected Digital Signature Algorithms with comparable security level, while the public key size is larger
Systematically assessing the competence level of digital evidence handling
Full text linkNorway is among the most digitalized countries in the world. For ex-ample, more than 91% of the citizens use mobile phones, and even more than 98% have access to the Internet. Hence, almost all kinds of criminal cases inves-tigated by the Norwegian police include digital evidence. Within the police or-ganization, various roles and responsibilities exist, ranging from first responders arriving and securing crime scenes, to police investigators, analysts, forensic sci-entists, and prosecutors. They will all need to handle digital evidence according to their work tasks. Available skilled personnel with education in digital forensics accounted for only 2% of the available personnel in 2018. To assess the skill level of first responders in securing digital evidence at crime scenes, derive knowledge needs and recommend adequate training, we conducted a large-scale field study. This paper presents our methodology in detail, comprising i) a theoretical com-petency assessment and ii) a practical test. Our findings indicate deficiencies in the examination phase of digital evidence, and there are indications that a digital evidence verification system is missing before the evidence is presented in court. Further findings are discussed in this paper before we propose several activities for decision makers to implement and to improve digital competence and digital understanding for personnel in law enforcement agencies
Message from the Programme Chair
Full text linkThe NISK 2022 Proceedings Message from the Programme Chai
The emergence of a national collaborative digital ecosystem. A study of one-citizen-one-health-record in Norway
Full text linkDeveloping national e-health solutions has proved to be quite challenging in most countries. However, the coming of digital ecosystems have changed our understanding of how to deal with this type of large-scale socio-technical complexity. Platform ecosystems is not only a technical structure, but a new organisational form, which builds on a particular governance-architecture configuration. How can these insights contribute to improve the national e-health structures? How can we transform a fragmented e-health infrastructure into a national collaborative ecosystem? Our framework is the idea of a collaborative digital ecosystem, characterised by collaborative architecture and collaborative governance. Our empirical evidence is the gradual emergence of the e-health ecosystem of Norway, which we studied over a decade, from 2011 to 2022. We offer two contributions. First, we discuss how to orchestrate a collaborative architecture-governance configuration, focusing on complementary roles, the need for a self-reinforcing process, and the balance of control and autonomy. Second, we point to the role of attractors, i.e., architectural and governance elements that work as gravitational forces, in shaping of the ecosystem
Prosessledelse og digitalisering
Full text linkI denne artikkelen utforsker vi om det er en gjensidig sammenheng mellom prosessledelse og digitalisering. Prinsipielt handler prosessledelse om å ha kontroll med virksomhetens prosesser og forbedre dem ved behov, mens digitalisering handler om å utvikle og innføre digitale løsninger basert på moderne digital teknologi. I artikkelen drøfter vi om, og eventuelt på hvilken måte disse påvirker hverandre og om det sterke fokuset det er på digitalisering i dag har innvirkning på prosessledelse som fag. Og hvis digitalisering påvirker prosess- ledelse, vil dermed prosessledelse bli mer relevant som støtte til virksomheters digitaliseringsarbeid? For å undersøke dette henter vi inn erfaringer fra norske virksomheter gjennom en undersøkelse med 104 respondenter. Funnene bidrar til økt forståelse for forholdet mellom prosessledelse og digitalisering, og har implikasjoner for praksis og videre forskning
The CISO Role: a Mediator between Cybersecurity and Top Management
Full text linkAs organizations increasingly rely on digital solutions, they also become more exposed to cybersecurity threats. Thus, cybersecurity is becoming a strategic concern for the organizations rather than merely a technological issue. However, many organizations are still not sufficiently aware of the cybersecurity risks and their mitigation. This article studies how to engage the top management more in cybersecurity in order to mitigate the risk of cybersecurity threats. In particular, we focus on the role of the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) as part of the organization’s cybersecurity strategy. We conducted qualitative interviews with nine cybersecurity professionals, including four CISOs, two CEOs, one information security leader and two information security ex-perts. Our study shows that the CISO role is acknowledged as important for facilitating communication between the technical staff and the top management, and for making top management understand the importance of their involvement in cybersecurity. In this sense, the CISO may serve the role as a mediator related to security aspects of the organization. Further, our findings support previous research on the importance for top management to engage actively in cybersecurity matters, including operational risk management, identifying critical assets and data, and defining necessary cybersecurity controls (physical, technical and administrative)
How well do materials evaluation schemes empower users to detect problematic social group portrayals within ELT materials? : A corpus analysis
Full text linkThis research sought to determine how well schemes for evaluating English language teaching (ELT) materials provide guidance in detecting problematic social group portrayals. I collected 107 frameworks for ELT materials evaluation, assessing the guidance provided for detecting social group portrayals problematic in ELT materials. Specifically, I considered how well these frameworks instructed users in detecting ableism, ageism, lookism, racial bias, religious bias, cultural bias, undue UK/US focus, undue English native speaker focus, gender bias, heteronormativity, and urbanormativity. While results revealed some attention to these social group issues, this attention was limited and guidance to users was poor, especially when compared with more traditional areas of ELT materials evaluation such as that afforded to assessing presentations of grammar and vocabulary. This suggests a troubling blind spot in materials evaluation, one that could allow ELT pedagogy to promote social injustice given that problematic social group portrayals can form a potent hidden curriculum