Open Journal System (OJS) Universitas Bengkulu
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Analisis Filogenetik Ayam-Hutan Merah (Gallus gallus) Asal Sumatra Menggunakan Fragmen D-loop Mitokondria
Get PDFPopulasi ayam hutan merah (Gallus gallus) di habitat alaminya mengalami penurunan yang cukup tajam. Fakta ini disebabkan oleh hilangnya hutan sebagai habitat spesies tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjelaskan komposisi nukleotida, situs nukleotida spesifik, jarak genetik, dan status filogenetik ayam hutan merah berdasarkan Fragmen D-loop DNA Mitokondria. Sampel darah diambil dari 20 individu ayam hutan merah dari Provinsi Bengkulu dan Sumatera Selatan pada periode Mei hingga November 2022. Isolasi DNA total dilakukan menggunakan Kit Protokol Spin-Column dari Qiagen. Replikasi DNA menggunakan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dengan primer spesifik. Hasil penelitian kami menunjukkan adanya pasangan basa nukleotida AT (65,76%) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan GC (34,24%), dan hanya ditemukan satu situs nukleotida spesifik dari panjang sekuen nukleotida 478 bp yang dianalisis. Komposisi nukleotida relatif homogen antar individu, menandakan rendahnya divergensi mitokondria. Rata-rata jarak genetik intraspesies sangat rendah yaitu 0,1%, yang mengindikasikan homogenitas genetik populasi. Pohon filogenetik memperlihatkan satu clade monofiletik yang kuat untuk seluruh sampel G. gallus Sumatra, dengan nilai bootstrap 63 - 87%, serta pemisahan yang jelas dari outgroup. Rendahnya variasi genetik ini diduga terkait dengan isolasi populasi, ukuran populasi efektif kecil, serta tekanan ekologis akibat fragmentasi habitat. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa populasi ayam hutan merah liar di Bengkulu dan Sumatra Selatan merupakan unit genetik penting yang perlu diprioritaskan dalam upaya konservasi dan pengelolaan plasma nutfah unggas lokal
EVALUASI KINERJA BERBAGAI JENIS SENSOR LDR SEBAGAI LUXMETER MELALUI KALIBRASI REGRESI EKSPONENSIAL DAN POWER
Get PDFThis study aims to evaluate the performance of various types of Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors as alternative luxmeters based on Arduino using exponential and power regression calibration methods. Four LDR types—GL5506, GL5528, GL5537, and GL5539—were tested under controlled lighting conditions using a dimmable smart bulb with light intensity variations from 5% to 100%. A commercial GM1030C luxmeter was used as the calibration reference. The measured data were analyzed using statistical parameters, including the coefficient of determination (R²), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean percentage error, to determine the accuracy and stability of each sensor. The results show that all sensor types achieved R² values ranging from 0.9772 to 0.9992, indicating that both regression models effectively represent the nonlinear relationship between sensor output and actual light intensity. The GL5506 sensor exhibited the best accuracy with R² = 0.9962, RMSE = 13.13 lux, MAE = 11.1 lux, and an average error of 2.89% using the power regression model. The power regression model performed better for sensors with fast and linear responses (GL5506 and GL5528), while the exponential regression model was more suitable for sensors with gradual nonlinear responses (GL5537 and GL5539). With overall errors below 7%, all LDR sensors tested are suitable for use as economical and reliable Arduino-based luxmeters for educational and basic research applications.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja beberapa jenis sensor Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sebagai alternatif sensor luxmeter berbasis Arduino melalui penerapan metode kalibrasi regresi eksponensial dan power. Empat tipe LDR yang diuji meliputi GL5506, GL5528, GL5537, dan GL5539. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan sumber cahaya buatan (smartbulb) dengan variasi intensitas 5% hingga 100%, sedangkan luxmeter standar digunakan sebagai alat acuan. Data hasil pengukuran dianalisis menggunakan parameter statistik coefficient of determination (R²), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), dan galat rata-rata untuk menentukan akurasi dan stabilitas tiap sensor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai R² seluruh tipe sensor berada pada rentang 0,9772–0,9992, menandakan bahwa kedua model regresi mampu merepresentasikan hubungan nonlinear antara nilai keluaran sensor dan intensitas cahaya aktual. Sensor GL5506 menunjukkan performa paling akurat dengan R² = 0,9962, RMSE = 13,13 lux, MAE = 11,1 lux, dan galat rata-rata 2,89% menggunakan model power. Model regresi power memberikan hasil lebih baik pada sensor dengan respon cepat seperti GL5506 dan GL5528, sedangkan model regresi eksponensial lebih sesuai untuk sensor dengan respon perlahan seperti GL5537 dan GL5539. Dengan tingkat galat di bawah 7%, seluruh sensor LDR layak digunakan sebagai alternatif luxmeter berbasis mikrokontroler yang ekonomis dan cukup akurat untuk aplikasi pendidikan maupun penelitian dasar
THE INTERPLAY OF RUPIAH EXCHANGE RATE AND INTERNATIONAL CPO PRICES IN DRIVING VALUE OF INDONESIA’S CPO EXPORT GROWTH (2013-2023)
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the relationship between the Rupiah exchange rate against the United States Dollar (USD) and international Crude Palm Oil (CPO) prices on the development of the value of Indonesia’s CPO export during the 2013-2023 period. The study employs secondary annual data obtained from Bank Indonesia, the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), FAOSTAT, and World bank. A quantitative descriptive analysis with the Pearson Correlation approach was used to measure the direction and strength of relationship among variables. The result indicate that the Rupiah exchange rate has a positive relationship with the value of Indonesia’s CPO export, with a correlation coefficient of 0.588 (moderate relationship) and a significance value of 0.057, suggesting an economically relevant association though statistically insignificant at the 5% level. Meanwhile, international CPO prices exhibit a strong positive relationship with the value of Indonesia’s CPO export, with correlation coefficient of 0.701 and a significance value of 0.016. these findings confirm that fluctuations in international CPO prices have a more dominant influence on export performance than exchange rate fluctuations, as international prices directly determine the value of export transactions. Overall, the study concludes that the value of Indonesia’s CPO exports is largely influenced by global market dynamics and the stability of domestic macroeconomic condition
Pengaruh Penambahan Enkapsulasi Ekstrak Daun Afrika (Vernonia Amygdalina) dalam Air Minum terhadap Performa Broiler: Effect of Adding Encapsulation of African Leaf Extract (Vernonia amygdalina) In DrinkingWater on broiler chicken Performance
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine how broiler performance with the addition of African leaf extract (Vernonia amygdalina) encapsulation in drinking water affects broiler performance, including feed consumption, body weight gain, ration conversion, and drinking water consumption. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with five treatments (A = control, B = EEDA 0.5%, C = EEDA 1%, D = EEDA 1.5%, and E = EEDA 2%) and four replications, each consisting of five chickens. Encapsulation was carried out using the foam mat drying method with Tween 80 and maltodextrin coating materials. The results showed that the addition of African leaf extract encapsulation contributed significantly (P <0.05) to increasing feed conversion efficiency and body weight gain, as well as to decreasing feed and drinking water consumption. The addition of EEDA in drinking water affected body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, and drinking water consumption. The addition of 0.5% EEDA in drinking water is the best dose that can increase body weight, ration consumption, and improve ration efficiency
Peran Genetika pada Sifat Mengeram sebagai Dasar Seleksi pada Ayam Lokal: The role of genetics in brooding traits as a basis for selection in local chickens
Get PDFBroodiness is a natural reproductive behavior that plays a vital role in the success of hatching and maternal care in indigenous chickens. This behavior is governed by a complex interaction between endocrine and genetic factors, with the prolactin (PRL) gene serving as a key regulator. The prolactin hormone encoded by the PRL gene stimulates broody behavior, temporarily suppresses egg production, and enhances the maternal instinct to remain on the nest. Genetic variation in the PRL gene polymorphism is associated with the differences in the intensity and frequency of brooding behavior between chicken breeds and local populations. Specific alleles of the PRL gene are associated with increased broodiness, while others are linked to reduced expression and weakened maternal behavior. Studies on Indonesian local chickens demonstrate a significant upregulation of PRL expression during the brooding phase, confirming its central role in the regulation of reproductive behavior. These findings suggest that the PRL gene holds strong potential as a molecular marker in genetic selection programs. Through marker-assisted selection, breeders can maintain strong broody traits for natural hatching or suppress them to enhance egg productivity. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the structure, function, and genetic variability of the PRL gene provides a crucial foundation for developing adaptive, efficient, and sustainable breeding programs for indigenous chickens
The Penggunaan Bungkil Inti Sawit dan Bungkil Kedelai Sebagai Sumber Protein dalam Pakan Konsentrat Kubus pada Kambing Kacang: Use of Palm Kernel Cake and Soybean Meal as Source of Feed Protein on Cubed Concentrate Feed
No full textThis experiment aimed to compare palm kernel meal and soybean meal as sources of rumen undegradable protein for kacang goats. Sixteen 10-month-old doeling weighing between 13-14 kg were used as experimental animals. A completely randomized design was applied to test four types of feed treatments, namely setaria grass-based feed and different cube-shaped concentrate feed (CCF), with four replications for each treatment. The four types of treatments were: P1. CCF without soybean meal, P2. CCF with soybean meal without heating, P3. CFF with soybean meal heated at 165oC for 75 minutes, and P4. CCF with soybean meal heated at 165 oC for 150 minutes. Each treatment was given a ration consisting of 50% Setaria grass as a basal feed and 50% CCF according to the treatment (on a dry matter basis). The variables observed were dry matter and nutrient intake, dry matter and nutrient digestibility, and average daily weight gain for 12 weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the Systat for Windows statistical software package, if there were differences, further testing was carried out using the least significant difference (LSD) test. The results showed that nutrient intake was not significantly different (P>0.05), but the lowest digestibility value (P<0.05) was in treatment 4, CCF which used soybean meal with longer heating. The highest daily weight gain (P<0.05) was achieved by goats that received PKK palm kernel meal. It was concluded that the use of palm kernel cake in CCF gave good results, as indicated by the highest average daily gain of goa
Karakteristik Morfometri Testis dan Tingkat Motilitas Sperma Kucing Berdasarkan Variasi Umur di Kota Pekanbaru, Indonesia: Testicular Morphometric Characteristics and Sperm Motility Levels of Cats Based on Age Variations in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aimed to analyze the effect of age variation on testicular morphometry and spermatozoa motility in cats. A total of 21 male cats were grouped into three age categories (< 1 year, 1–3 years, and 3 years). The testes were collected through an open castration procedure, and their morphometric parameters (length, width, and circumference) were measured. Semen samples were obtained by incising the cauda epididymis of each testis to evaluate its motility level under a light microscope. Data were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey test to identify differences between groups. The results showed that age variation did not cause a significant difference in the morphometric characteristics of the collected testes (P>0.05). However, a significant difference was found in spermatozoa motility levels among the different age groups. It is concluded that age does not affect the physical dimensions of the testis but has a significant influence on the functional quality of spermatozoa. The 1–3 year-old group showed the optimal level of spermatozoa motility compared to the other age groups in this stud
KAJIAN PENGETAHUAN MAHOUT TERHADAP JENIS-JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKAN SEBAGAI OBAT GAJAH SUMATRA (ELEPHAS MAXSIMUS SUMATRANUS) DI PUSAT LATIHAN GAJAH (PLG) SEBLAT
Get PDFThe Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is a wild species currently classified as critically endangered due to a significant decline in population. One of the conservation efforts undertaken is through the Seblat Elephant Training Center (PLG), which functions as a facility for elephant training and management. Mahouts, as the primary caretakers and companions of elephants, possess local knowledge regarding various plant species consumed by elephants, including those with natural medicinal properties. This study aims to identify feed plant species that function as medicinal resources based on mahout knowledge and to analyze the active compound contents of these plants. The methods employed included a census-based interview of 12 mahouts, field verification, and phytochemical screening. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo software to categorize themes related to mahout knowledge. The results indicate that there are 22 feed plant species commonly consumed by Sumatran elephants, four of which function as natural medicines: Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant), Clerotopis gigantea (nettle), Piper aduncum (wild betel), and Eleutherine palmifolia (puar). Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of active compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and tannins, which exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiarrheal activities. Mahout knowledge is acquired through direct experience and observation of elephant behavior indicating tendencies toward self-medication. This study is expected to provide a scientific basis for traditional elephant health management while simultaneously supporting the conservation of feed plant species at the Seblat Elephant Training Center.
Keywords: Sumatran elephant, Mahout, Feed plants, Natural medicine, Phytochemistr
Evaluasi Keragaan Tanaman Hasil Program Kebun Bibit Rakyat (KBR) di Nagari Rao-Rao, Kecamatan Sungai Tarab, Kabupaten Tanah Datar
Get PDFForest and land rehabilitation (Rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan/RHL) through the Community Nursery Program (Kebun Bibit Rakyat/KBR) provides high-quality seedlings, enhances land productivity, and supports community empowerment. Nagari Rao-Rao, Sungai Tarab Subdistrict, Tanah Datar Regency, is one of the program implementation sites, involving the Sejahtera Farmers Group. This study aims to evaluate the performance of plantings produced under the KBR program from 2014 to 2025 and to assess their impacts on the socio-economic conditions of the local community. The study employed a descriptive method with an evaluative approach. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and documentation, and were analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis. The observed parameters included the number of seedlings planted, survival rates, thinning practices, and contributions to farmers’ income. The results show that in 2014, a total of 25,000 seedlings were planted, consisting of 2,000 avocado seedlings, 2,000 durian seedlings, and 21,000 surian seedlings. The 2025 evaluation of the 2014 plantings indicates relatively high survival rates, with avocado at 80%, durian at 70%, and surian at 81%. Thinning activities also generated economic benefits, as members’ monthly income increased from IDR 1,000,000–2,000,000 to IDR 2,500,000–5,000,000. However, several challenges remain, including advanced age, low educational attainment, and limited access to technology and markets. In conclusion, the KBR program in Nagari Rao-Rao has successfully improved land productivity, household income, and environmental awareness. Nevertheless, the sustainability of its benefits requires continuous assistance, capacity-building programs, and strengthened access to markets and technology.
 
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Minyak Atsiri Serai (Cymbopogon Flexuosus) Terhadap Stabilitas Sediaan Lotion dengan Kombinasi Emulgator TEA dan Asam Stearat
Get PDFMinyak atsiri serai (Cymbopogon flexuosus) mengandung senyawa aktif seperti citral dan geraniol yang memiliki potensi sebagai pengawet alami dalam sediaan kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi konsentrasi minyak atsiri seraiterhadap stabilitas fisik sediaan lotion yang diformulasikan dengan kombinasi emulgator asam stearat dan triethanolamine (TEA). Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental berupa formulasi Lotion yang dibuat dalam lima formula dengan konsentrasi minyak atsiri 0%, 0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, dan 2%. Evaluasi dilakukan terhadap parameter organoleptik, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, danviskositas selama penyimpanan 28 hari. Hasil dan pembahasan: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi minyak atsiri cenderung menyebabkan peningkatan daya sebar dan penurunan viskositas serta daya lekat, yang mengindikasikan gangguan kestabilan sistem emulsi. Namun, penambahan minyak atsiri serai juga menunjukkan peran sebagai pengawet alami, terbuktidari kemampuannya mempertahankan warna, aroma, dan tekstur sediaan selama penyimpanan. Kesimpulan: Minyak atsiri serai berpotensi digunakan sebagai pengawet alami dalam lotion, namun penggunaannya harus disesuaikan agar tidak mengganggu kestabilan fisik sediaan