Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy (E-Journal)
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Multi-Dimensional View of Innovation Performance from Knowledge Dynamics to Maturity Matrix
Get PDFInnovation Knowledge Dynamics can be defined as a set of interacting activities, stages, and concepts, in order to generate a methodology to manage the essential innovation emergence, design and adoption in digital format throughout the innovation lifecycle. It aims to identify the innovation domain’s knowledge structures, internal dynamics, and implementation requirements. Based on the analysis of the shifts global mindset manifest, and following today’s transition towards a new era of flexible forms of managing and organizing, we suggest a tri-axial understanding of the innovation field. Upon this understanding, we developed a tri-axial model for innovation performance measurement, which led us to design a Maturity Matrix that we put into practice through an Assessment Workflow and a Sample Scoring System. This paper identifies three complementary components specifically developed to enable such assessment. First, Innovation Granularity Scales enabling highly targeted yet flexible performance analysis, ranging from knowledge assessment to high level progressions and improvements; Second, Innovation Capability Stages referring to the minimum capabilities required by transformational milestones along the innovation continuum; Third, Innovation Maturity Levels, representing the quality, predictability and performance within the innovation stages. This paper explores these complementary components and presents them as a systematic model underlying a specified Innovation Maturity Matrix
Intellectual Capital Policy in Universities. Case study: "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, Romania
Get PDFThis paper concentrates on the problems about the current state of intellectual property and, especially, on the necessity of the implementation of an intellectual property policy in "Lucian Blaga" University which is a comprehensive University. A case study was carried out in which such a policy was proposed, following the in-depth study on the policies of four Universities from the entire world by making a comparative analysis with the policy that WIPO (Worlds Intellectual Property Organization) has elaborated on as an example. By the work in question, it was intended to reflect the most important aspects that need to be taken into consideration when elaborating on an intellectual property policy: the objectives, purpose, possession is use of intellectual property, the involvement of students and teachers in research and in the spin-out companies, the use of the University resources and facilities, the directorship, the conflicts of interest, the revenue distribution and the procedure for assigning the intellectual property rights
Empirical Analysis of Knowledge Exchange in Higher Education Partnerships: Using Knowledge Elicitation Methods and Techniques
Get PDFThis research identified knowledge management challenges that academics experience when exchanging both forms of knowledge, tacit and explicit, in collaborative projects. The research was conducted qualitatively through the use of consecutive data collection strategies of the large-scale survey; expert panel review; and semi-structured interviews with elite participants in order to gather a deep understanding of the type of challenges academics, working across different disciplines and institutional levels, experience when exchanging tacit and explicit knowledge. Furthermore, the research elicited experts’ knowledge indicating that depending on the expertise and size of the institutions and the timeframe of the partnership, academics can encounter challenges of a strategic, tactical and operational nature. While the institutional leadership and shared vision were seen as a challenge of a strategic nature, the misalignment of expertise and abilities was presented as a tactical challenge. Additionally, the findings show that arrangement of staff, logistics, and facilities required to support the delivery of academic products and services is another challenge which needs addressing in order to support the exchange of knowledge. The crux of this research is the novel use of a tri-part, consecutive data gathering technique, which has been shown to be very useful in providing an effective knowledge elicitation methodology. Notwithstanding that fact, of which purposeful knowledge has been elicited using such techniques, this paper also highlighted that the adopted methodology used should not be seen as a panacea for all qualitative research but, moreover, be adopted as a useful technique in the qualitative researchers’ armory
Setting Up a Robotic Process Automation Center of Excellence
Get PDFRobotic Process Automation (RPA) has proven a solid and affordable solution for organizations in order to tackle the repetitive, low added value work. Not only that this solved another issue (e.g. high turnover rate), but came with further opportunities that raised the moral in the organization. Humans working side by side with (software) robots it’s not anymore something science-fiction, but already in place in many organizations worldwide, including in Romania. The RPA path has been so far the following: organizations started with a Proof of Concept (PoC) validating the concept, then moved to a Pilot where a full process with all exceptions was automated end-to-end. After developing more than three Pilots organizations have realized that a team should be handling the robots inside the organization. This team should not only monitor the current robot, but also should have look for additional processes to automate. On the long term the most efficient way to treat this challenge is for a big organization (e.g. from banking, retail, oil&gas etc.) to create a Center of Excellence (CoE). By doing that each organization should take some follow some steps. These steps will be analyzed and developed further by the author of this paper, which is also a Subject Matter Expert for one a worldwide consulting firm
The Evolution of the Algerian Banking System
Get PDFThe study aims to shed light on Algerian Banking system through investigating its evolution’s stages starting from the independence (1962), wherein Algeria inherited the colonial banking system. For examining the evolution, the study focused on the critical phases in the evolution of the Algerian banking system (Colonial Phase, Sovereignty Phase, Nationalization and Socialization Phase, Restricting Phase and Liberalization Phase). In Addition, the study analyzed several indicators of the banking sectors in Algeria such as (interest rate spread, banks’ ownership, banks’ activity and banks’ profitability). Furthermore, it made a comparison between the Algerian banking sector and the banking sectors of two North African neighbors, Morocco and Tunisia. The study revealed that the Algerian banking system has witnessed several mutations. Therefore, the Algerian authorities had constructed an Algerian Banking system (Stated-owned banks) to substitute the colonial banking system. After that, many reforms had been adopted by the Algerian government based on economic and social requirements. In the early nineties, especially with the Law on Money and Credit (1990), the Algerian authorities endeavored to liberalize the banks' activities to improve the banks' performance. As consequences, the Algerian banking system changed radically, wherein, in 2016, it is composed of twenty commercial banks and eight financial companies and a group of liaison offices of foreign banks. The total assets have grown significantly from2000-2015, in which the total assets increased by 412%, and the total assets which represent 75.5% of the GDP in 2015. In addition, they granted more loans to the economy, wherein the credit for the economy as a percentage of GDP passed from 2.4% in 2000 to 4.4% in 2015. Therefore, the progression of the Banks activities had a positive effect on the banks’ profitability, in which ROA was 0.46% in 2005 and reached 1.9% in 2015. The liberalization policy encouraged The entry of thirteen foreign banks, which improved the services’ quality. On the other hand, the banking sector in Algeria still needs more development to reach the level of banks in the region (Morocco and Tunisia), especially in the market concentration and credit risk management.
Knowledge Management in the BRICS
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to make sense of the situation of Knowledge Management in the BRICS countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The question is important because we believe that in the current world economy the emergence of any country will be done first and foremost by using knowledge and by managing knowledge. Using an analogy from the Human Resources national studies we believe there are low, medium and high equilibria regarding the knowledge economy. We analyze the five BRICS according to the following methodology: 1 Context background; 2 Broad KM systems; 3 Institutional actors; 4 Political contexts; 5. KM systems at the national level; 6. Organizational KM; 7. Impact; and 8. Summary. We concluded that KM is a good investment for the BRICS, but it is still a very rare one. South Africa stands a cut above the other countries being benefited by the smaller dimension and the relations with the Western UK, and the USA led investments; also the fact that the regime change happened when the Knowledge economy was beginning, helped. China, Russia, India, and Brazil are four giants that will emerge stronger and faster the more and the better they will use KM. So as implications, we expect a bright future of KM in the 21st century, as bright as the BRICS future! The BRICS emergence will only be consolidated by KM. and KM will dominate the world with the BRICS emergence. The study is only the first step in what could be a major field of research, and that its limitation and suggestion for research
An Exploration of the Relationship Between Technostress, Employee Engagement and Job Design from the Nigerian Banking Employee’s Perspective
Get PDFThe introduction of technology in the banking sector has induced benefits to this sector. ICTs has facilitated the delivery of efficient and reliable banking services. Despite all the benefits associated with the use of technology, organizational researchers have argued that technology is a double-edged sword because its ability to induce stress in its users, this kind of anxiety is technostress, a strain that is caused by the lack of knowledge of individuals to cope and adapt to the use of technologies. The increasing use of technologies has resulted in work-family conflict, role-overload, work-overload, and multi-tasking. Additionally, technologies have resulted in consistent task reengineering, which has created knowledge gaps for employees. Past studies on technostress have demonstrated that can affect employees, performances, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. However, the association of technostress with employee engagement and job design has not been established. Hence, the objective of this current study is to explore the association of job design with technostress and employee and the impact of technostress on employee engagement. Using a purposive sampling method, a total of 319 Participants were recruited from front desk employees of the Nigerian commercial banks and data has been analyzed using smart PLS. The findings of the study show a significant positive relationship between job design and technostress and positive relationship between technostress and employee engagement contrary to the negative relationship proposed based on the stress and engagement literature is an indication that job design alone may not reduce the impact of technostress if other organizational-stressors are not addressed. While technostress does not reduce employee engagement instead a moderate level of stress can serve as a motivator, but extreme stress can have a damaging impact on employees and the organization. Equally, the study also found a positive association between job design and employee engagement, while technostress has a mediating effect on job design and employee engagement
How Digitalization Changes the Internationalization of Entrepreneurial Firms: Theoretical Considerations and Empirical Evidence
Get PDFThe internationalization of firms has mainly been analyzed and explained by considering observations in a pre-digital business environment. Thus, the applicability of the internationalization theories to digital ways of conducting business needs to be challenged. Recent research on the internationalization of digital firms attempts to adapt existing international business literature to the digital market. However, these studies consider internet-based companies predominantly as a homogeneous group. It is a popular opinion that digital internationalization is faster, cheaper, and easier for digital companies. The purpose of this article is to develop a comprehensive understanding of how internet-based companies internationalize in the digital market and why their internationalization processes differ from one another. Based on an overview of the specificities of the digital marketplace and their impacts on the applicability of the traditional international business theories, we develop a differentiated view of digital internationalization. Subsequently, the theoretical results are compared with primary data derived from six semi-structured interviews with representatives of digital companies. So far, the business internationalization theory has focused on variables such as efficiencies of the value chain, internal capabilities, and resource endowments. Our results show that even if these theories still have high impacts on the internationalization strategies of internet-based companies, in the highly dynamic digital markets, further variables need to be considered. In addition to the impacts of value creation and delivery infrastructure (e.g., firm-specific capabilities and resources), the specific way of creating value and the individual customer interface used by a digital business play key roles in digital internationalization
Trust and Transparency: Perspectives upon the Communication of the National Bank of Romania during the Financial Crisis
Get PDFThe financial crisis that started in 2008 embodies the failure of a system whose most vulnerable point was detected within the banking sector. The increasing loss of trust in the most important institutions of this sector throughout the crisis led to a gap between the perception of the financial industry representatives and that of the people outside it. At the same time, the crisis triggered the reconfiguration of the means used to maintain both financial, and price stability, and redesigned the role and strategy of central banks in using monetary policy tools, including communication. After 2008, central banks resorted to aggressive, sometimes unconventional monetary policies. Whether bringing interest rates close to zero or on negative territory, adopting quantitative easing measures or practicing forward guidance, central banks communicated more extensively as compared to the period prior to the crisis. While no consensus has been yet reached regarding the usefulness of these measures, researchers consider that some of them will become part of the usual toolkit used by central banks, which will further intensify their communication activity. This paper is a qualitative research that analyses the perception of the National Bank of Romania’s representatives – communication specialists and officials who were highly visible in the mass-media during that specific period – upon the loss of public trust in the central bank. At the same time, the interviews reflect the perception of the central bank’s representatives upon the effects of making the monetary policy more transparent during the period considered, and examine to what extent the chosen communication decisions can be reversible after surmounting the financial crisis, on an emerging market where no other unconventional monetary policy measures had been used.
Sustainable Business Models: An Imperative in the Strategic Management of Companies and Organizations
Get PDFIn the last decade, sustainability has become an imperative for strategic management of companies and their business models. Through the necessity of adapting to green energy and environmentally friendly processes, products and services, companies have started to reorganize their business model canvases according to the sustainability concept, that imposes a redesign from before the production process until the end of the lifecycle of the product or service. The objective of the present article is to contribute to the classical theoretical business model canvas of Osterwalder and Pigneur with sustainable elements, which could serve as a basis for scientific literature, but also for practical implementation in the private business field. The paper contributes through the additions to the existing elements of the business model canvas with elements necessary to ensure a ’’clean’’ production and consumption process from producer to consumer. The relevance of the paper lies in the fact that the business model elements need to be improved continuously with the increased dynamics of the economy and the need to ensure a sustainable future for the next generations, which is still an emerging topic practically and theoretically.