Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy (E-Journal)
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Methodological basis of the comparative evaluation of inclusiveness level of economic development
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the methodological basis of comparative assessment of the level of inclusion of economic development in different areas and regions. The article focuses on the methodological problems of analyzing, evaluating, and raising the level of inclusiveness of economic development. The importance of raising the level of inclusion in the context of new development trends in society and the economy is interpreted. The need for a new look at the scientific and theoretical basics of economic development are emphasized. Available studies on inclusive development issues are analyzed. Indicators and sub-indices characterizing the inclusive development of the society are proposed. An analysis of international scientific research on the problems of inclusive development was conducted. As the increase in the inclusion of the economy leads to an increase in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the urgency of developing its prospects is justified. Ratings of advanced countries on inclusive economic development indices were analyzed. Indicators of inclusive development of international economic organizations have been identified and based on them, relevant improvements have been made and additions have been made. Indicators and sub-indices characterizing the inclusive development of society are offered. The evaluation of inclusive development at the international level is analyzed. The methodological basis of the evaluation of the inclusiveness level is explained and a technique is developed. Key efficiency indicators for inclusive growth and development have been identified. The country's National Inclusive Development Index (NII) is proposed as a dependency on sub-indices that reflect several areas. Subindices and indicators forming the level of inclusion of national economic development have been proposed. The scientific-methodological approach proposed for the assessment of inclusion at the national level is presented in the form of algorithms and conceptual stages. Assessment of the level of national inclusion is offered as Level I - inclusion at the national, social, or macro-level; Level II - inclusion of regional or individual cities and regions; Level III - intersectoral or sectorial inclusion; Level IV - inclusion in the private sector, non-governmental structures; Level V - inclusion in non-governmental and public administration; Level VI - inclusion in the micro or enterprises, production level; Level VII - in several sub-levels as individual inclusion in homes and families. National and international evaluation of the inclusive society and economic development is studied. The main factors of inclusive development of Azerbaijan's economy such as GDP per capita, labor productivity, expected healthy life length, employment level, Gini index of income, poverty level, Gini index of wealth, monthly household income, net savings, carbon capacity, public debt to GDP indicators such as ratio, demographic load ratio have been developed. The importance of the use of inclusion technologies was highlighted and reported on. It was noted that the effective platform for increasing the inclusion of the information society has many opportunities. It was noted that the globally implemented "Internet of Things" (IoT), Cloud computing, soft-computing, Big Data technologies, and components of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution will create additional opportunities for joint effective activities of citizens in society, increasing the level of inclusion
Social Support and Work-Family Balance of Manufacturing Companies’ Employee with Self-Efficacy as a Mediator
Get PDFPast studies reported that social support correlated with work-family balance. However, the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and work-family balance among the manufacturing sector employees is missing. Therefore, this study examined the indirect effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and work-family balance. A sample of 456 (F=26.8%; mean age=31.55) manufacturing sector employees that were selected through the stratified sampling technique responded to the Work-Family Balance Scale, Social Support Questionnaire, and Self-Efficacy Scale. Results of the correlation analysis revealed that social support from family and co-workers positively associated with work-family balance. Self-efficacy was also found to relate positively to social support and work-family balance. Mediation analysis, using Hayes Process Macro, showed that self-efficacy had an indirect effect on the relationship between social support and work-family balance among employees of food and beverage companies. Improved social support from co-workers and family can assist manufacturing sector employees to balance the demands from both domains.
From Traditional to Online Methods for Generating Business Ideas
Get PDFThe traditional methods for generating venture ideas are in use for more than 70 years in the business, while the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) opened new opportunities for generating and harvesting business ideas, available to entrepreneurs of any kind. Our initial research discovered that there is a missing link in the academic literature between the traditional and the emerging online methods for generating business ideas and therefore, in this paper, we study the traditional and online sources and methods in parallel. The purpose of our study is to improve the venture idea creation process from an applicable perspective, and to add to the existing ideation literature by (1) identifying and classifying the sources of ideas to create the necessary link between the onsite and online access to idea sources; (2) explaining the traditional methods for generating business idea trough their dominant features in order to (3) further identify and elaborate the online sources and ideation methods trough these features and link them to the known traditional approaches. The sources, methods, and tools we examine and elaborate in this paper could be used for both, generating ideas for traditional and online business models. Hence, our findings have practical and applicable value for the first step in the entrepreneurial process. Additionally, our study could be used as a starting point for further research in the field of online ideation, a field that needs to be yet, more extensively, addressed by practitioners and research scholars
Income Inequality and Economic Growth in Algeria: Empirical Study during the period 1980-2015
Get PDFIn recent years, Algeria achieves significant progress in the economic and social condition of its population due to the improvement in most economic and social indicators, and the increase in the human development index from 0.577 in 1990 to 0.754 in 2018. However, this improvement is not equally shared between groups and different regions. Therefore, poverty and inequality persist and remain a major challenge of the Algerian government. In this paper, we attempt to study income inequality and its impact on economic growth in Algeria. To attend the aim of this study we explore the relationship between income inequality and economic growth over the period 1980-2015 based on the available data. Based on the recent theoretical and empirical studies, we use Autoregressive Distributive Lags (ARDL) model to explore the long-run relationship, and Error Correction Model (ECM) for the short-run dynamics, the results indicate that economic growth as measured by the annual per capita GDP growth rate is associated negatively and significantly with inequality as measured by Gini coefficient, implying that in the long run, a 1% increase in income inequality will hurt economic growth in Algeria by nearly 0.52% in the long-run. The result obtained from the ECM model shows that the coefficient is equal to -1.23 and highly significant; this implies that the deviation for the short-run in economic growth is corrected by 123% percent over each year in a long time. These findings confirm the hypothesis that high inequality hurts the economic growth in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, the Algerian government must adopt policies that favor economic growth and achieve greater equity in income distribution to ensure sustainable and inclusive growth
Development System of Hierarchical Indicators for Analyzing and Measuring the Level of Growth of Information and Knowledge Economy
Get PDFThe article substantiates the necessity to develop a system of indicators for assessing the level of development of the information and knowledge economy. Main methodological approaches regarding their development and analysis have been analyzed. Some recommendations have been proposed for eliminating existing problems in this field. A methodology has been proposed for calculating the Gross Domestic Product generated by information and knowledge. A composite index of information and knowledge-based economy, as well as corresponding hierarchic indices, subindices, and indicators, have been developed. General information on global indices characterizing the information and knowledge economy is analyzed. Some countries are rated on the development of the knowledge economy. Information is provided on sub-indices and indicators that affect the formation of some global ICT, innovation, and economic indices. The main and sub-indicators used in the calculation of global indices are identified. The current situation in Azerbaijan on some global indices is analyzed, and the country's ranking on different indices on the formation of the information and knowledge economy is determined. A comparative analysis of the methods of measuring the level of information and knowledge economy is conducted. Features of the regional and sectoral approach to assessing the level of information and knowledge economy are explained. Innovation, science, and technology-intensive components of the information and knowledge economy are proposed. The interaction of the main indices and indicators that form the composite index of the information and knowledge economy is proposed. The structure of the composite index system is proposed in a multi-level form. A system of multi-level composite indicators integratively reflects the main level and the lower levels coming after it. Indicators system includes the main composite index and ten sub-indices of information and knowledge economy. The study presents the stages of successive formation of indicators and variables upon which main indices and sub-indices of information and knowledge economy functionally depend. 1st national level consists of a composite integrative index of the information and knowledge economy; initially 2nd level consists of ten indices, 3rd level consists of 83 sub-indices and indicators; 4th level consists of 320 macro/micro indicators. Directions of future research are identified based on indicators
Business Dynamics in Recovery Times: A Comparative Perspective on Manufacturing Firms’ Performance in the European Union
Get PDFOur paper investigates the gaps in performance in the manufacturing sector between Western and Eastern European countries and attempts to analyze how enterprises from these two parts of Europe have tackled recovery after the Global financial crisis of 2007-2009. We uncover the patterns of performance in the after-crisis period and offer insights into the prospects of the manufacturing sector in the European Union, faced nowadays with a new recovery, after the coronavirus crisis. Moreover, we study these patterns in industries with different technological levels. We have selected five performance variables, namely Turnover growth rate, Turnover per employee, Wage-adjusted labor productivity, Gross operating rate, and Investment rate, and employed statistical cluster analysis, which is a multivariate data analysis technique that can detect these patterns in performance, in both its approaches: hierarchical and k-means clustering. Our findings show that the almost perfect groupings of businesses from Western, more developed economies, and Eastern, less developed ones, in all industries, with the notable exception of Portugal, is -> are rather striking, regardless of the technological level of industries. We show that Eastern EU businesses were not the worst performers in the after-crisis period, but rather on the contrary. Certainly, they are smaller in size but have enjoyed higher labor productivity and profitability, as well as higher investment rates in all industries. This points towards a higher dynamism of smaller-sized businesses in general, and Eastern EU located ones, in particular, in the years after the Global financial crisis, which has been reflected in superior performance
Teleworking, Team Work and Transactive Memory during the COVID-19 Outbreak
Get PDFThe paper discusses the work from home (WFH) phenomenon during the Covid-19 pandemic and aspects related to teamwork performance for the case of companies operating in Romania in knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). The paper presents the results of an exploratory investigation based on semi-structured in-depth interviews addressing the effects induced by the intensive WFH on teamwork, teamwork performance, and transactive memory systems (TMS) in the investigated KIBS, during the Covid-19 pandemic. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part presents the purpose of the investigation and the context, introducing the concepts and literature. The second part presents the research method and findings. The third part discusses the research results, indicating that the mandatory WFH imposed by the Covid-19 outbreak has disrupted the coordination between teammates, eroding TMS operation and the level of teamwork performance. The paper concludes on the strong link between teamwork performance during the mandatory WFH period and the presence of TMS reflected by specialization, credibility, and coordination within the team
The Effect of Microfinance Banks on Poverty Reduction in Nigeria
Get PDFThe nexus between microfinance banking and poverty reduction is well documented in banking and finance literature. As a poverty reduction strategy, the microfinance initiative is expected to create room for financial accessibility to the economically active poor people. Consequently, this study estimated the effect of microfinance banks’ (MFBs) on poverty reduction in Nigeria from 1992 to 2018 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to regression analysis. With a VAR lag order selection of two, the ARDL bounds test revealed that the poverty rate and MFBs activities were bound by a long-run relationship. The long-run estimates suggested that the MFBs loans-to-deposit ratio and liquidity ratio caused poverty reduction in the long-run. On the other hand, the short-run estimates indicated that the MFBs were unable to ensure poverty reduction within a short period, though all the variables exhibited significant coefficients within one year. These findings imply that the ability of MFBs to reduce poverty takes a long period
Does Stakeholder Management Contribute to a Museum’s Sustainable Development?
Get PDFMuseums are increasingly more connected to the concerns of the present-day society. In order to be actively involved in the development of the society and well-being of their communities, museums are more connected than ever, are active partners for their stakeholders. Having this new framework in mind, the present paper investigates the complex relationships between stakeholders and museums, as well as the role stakeholders could have to achieve the museum’s sustainable development. The present paper investigates how Romanian museums are using the stakeholder management approach to ensure their sustainable development. The interviews reveal why the funding bodies are considered by far the most important stakeholders. Other museums are generally ranked among the most important partners, along with local cultural organizations and educational ones. Sustainable development and increased impact on the museum’s community are constant concerns, but the main stakeholders and partners are rather narrowly considered
Fostering Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility in Higher Education: The Case of Tor Vergata University of Rome
Get PDFIn the panorama of international strategies and commitments to sustainability, education is central to the pursuit of sustainable development. Educational institutions at all levels are playing a new role in promoting values and ideals linked to sustainable behavioral models. These models can face the complexity of reality in a cooperative, active and responsible way, leading to a vision for solidarity and progress. In this context, universities face huge challenges. They must recognize the changes happening in society and change accordingly. Universities are therefore increasingly required to actively introduce attitudes and behaviors that favor sustainable development and involve the entire academic community in this process. This paper aims to define the role of universities in sustainable development. As well as training professionals, their roles and responsibilities mean that they strongly influence the societies in which they operate. To become sustainable and ensure that their respective territories follow suit, universities must change internally and initiate systemic processes to engage all members of their communities. Moreover, dynamic bottom-up models of learning and dissemination of environmental sustainability and social responsibility should aim to encourage students to be active inside and outside their universities. After a detailed literature review, this paper explores how sustainable development should be used in educational paths as well as didactic activities to influence the way students think, act and engage within their academic communities. Based on the objective of this work, the case of the Tor Vergata University of Rome is used to describe the results of the active change