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Il sistema sociale dell'assenza organizzata di pace e la violenza strutturale. Punto di partenza, soggetto e compiti di una Pedagogia critica della Pace
Get PDFThe pedagogy of peace should fight against the “social structures of discord”: the article addresses this issue and invites to conceive the pedagogy of peace as a “pedagogy of resistence” against the organized discord. Critical pedagogy has a key role in this task because it should understand the inability of the current society to build peace
Volodymyr Vynnyčenko as Diarist, Historian and Writer. Literary Narratives of the “Ukrainian Revolution”
Get PDFVolodymyr Vynnyčenko portrayed the “Ukrainian Revolution” in four different literary genres: in his diary, in an historiographic epic, in a drama, and in a short novel. In each of these representations, another aspect prevails. The diary focuses on Vynnyčenko’s personal role in the Ukrainian nation-building project. The epic endows the failure of the independent Ukrainian state with a historiosophic necessity. The drama translates the social and national dilemmas in Ukraine into a family tragedy. The short novel portrays the hero not as an agent in history, but as an evolving consciousness. Behind all four literary elaborations, a quite heterogeneous mix of philosophical sources can be observed. Vynnyčenko shares with Hegel the belief that every free nation should be in possession of a state. He follows Marx in his economic criticism of capitalist exploitation and his contempt for the bourgeoisie. Finally, he reveres Nietzsche for his concept of the irrational will and his appreciation of ‘great men’ in history. It was clear for Vynnyčenko, that he himself was predestined to play an important role in history. However, he used his historiosophic musings in the four literary genres to prove an essential point: the failure of his Ukrainian project was not his personal shortcoming, but must be ascribed to the belated historical development of the Ukrainian nation. Volodymyr Vynnyčenko portrayed the “Ukrainian Revolution” in four different literary genres: in his diary, in an historiographic epic, in a drama, and in a short novel. In each of these representations, another aspect prevails. The diary focuses on Vynnyčenko’s personal role in the Ukrainian nation-building project. The epic endows the failure of the independent Ukrainian state with a historiosophic necessity. The drama translates the social and national dilemmas in Ukraine into a family tragedy. The short novel portrays the hero not as an agent in history, but as an evolving consciousness. Behind all four literary elaborations, a quite heterogeneous mix of philosophical sources can be observed. Vynnyčenko shares with Hegel the belief that every free nation should be in possession of a state. He follows Marx in his economic criticism of capitalist exploitation and his contempt for the bourgeoisie. Finally, he reveres Nietzsche for his concept of the irrational will and his appreciation of ‘great men’ in history. It was clear for Vynnyčenko, that he himself was predestined to play an important role in history. However, he used his historiosophic musings in the four literary genres to prove an essential point: the failure of his Ukrainian project was not his personal shortcoming, but must be ascribed to the belated historical development of the Ukrainian nation.
Lev Šestov: ‘Duality’ in Life and Thought at the Time of the Rift of the Socio-cultural Paradigm
Get PDFRussian-Jewish religious thinker Lev Šestov (1866-1938) is often regarded as a precursor of European existentialism. At the same time, his “philosophy of tragedy” is also assigned to Irrationalism, and Albert Camus characterised Šestov as a “new man of the Absurd”. Since perestrojka, Šestov’s writings, within the legacy of the Russian Silver Age more generally, have come back from obscurity, and their popularity continues to rise. This is due in particular to a prophetic, supertemporal character of Šestov’s thought. However, with all the tragic nature of his philosophy, focused on the border-line situations between life and death (typical for the Silver Age as a whole), one cannot help noticing a border-line of a different kind, both in Šestov’s life and thought. He was always torn between diverse, often incompatible spheres: his humanities studies on the one hand, and the need to be closely involved in his father’s textile business, on the other; between his belonging to Russian culture, and his Jewish roots; between literary criticism, and philosophy per se. His very thought can be regarded as operating on two different levels (what Viktor Erofeev labelled as ‘night-time’ and ‘day-time’ sight of the philosopher). In the socio-political sphere, Šestov quickly realised the incompatibility of his aspirations as a philosopher and the Bolševiks’ agenda, and emigrated. In 1920, at the dawn of his émigré life, he produced a prophetic anti-Soviet brochure What is (Russian) Bolševism?, and yet, later on in the 1930s, he displayed a certain myopia, not having recognised the rising threat of fascism in Europe. In this article, the above duality in Šestov’s life and thought is analysed in the context of the socio-political and cultural rift of 1917. In particular, the author investigates in which way Šestov’s perception of the era of revolutionary changes is predicated on this duality, and attempts to see if there is a reverse connection here. This is to say, the article endeavors to clarify the impact, if any, the shift in the socio-cultural paradigm had on Šestov’s life and thought.Russian-Jewish religious thinker Lev Šestov (1866-1938) is often regarded as a precursor of European existentialism. At the same time, his “philosophy of tragedy” is also assigned to Irrationalism, and Albert Camus characterised Šestov as a “new man of the Absurd”. Since perestrojka, Šestov’s writings, within the legacy of the Russian Silver Age more generally, have come back from obscurity, and their popularity continues to rise. This is due in particular to a prophetic, supertemporal character of Šestov’s thought. However, with all the tragic nature of his philosophy, focused on the border-line situations between life and death (typical for the Silver Age as a whole), one cannot help noticing a border-line of a different kind, both in Šestov’s life and thought. He was always torn between diverse, often incompatible spheres: his humanities studies on the one hand, and the need to be closely involved in his father’s textile business, on the other; between his belonging to Russian culture, and his Jewish roots; between literary criticism, and philosophy per se. His very thought can be regarded as operating on two different levels (what Viktor Erofeev labelled as ‘night-time’ and ‘day-time’ sight of the philosopher). In the socio-political sphere, Šestov quickly realised the incompatibility of his aspirations as a philosopher and the Bolševiks’ agenda, and emigrated. In 1920, at the dawn of his émigré life, he produced a prophetic anti-Soviet brochure What is (Russian) Bolševism?, and yet, later on in the 1930s, he displayed a certain myopia, not having recognised the rising threat of fascism in Europe. In this article, the above duality in Šestov’s life and thought is analysed in the context of the socio-political and cultural rift of 1917. In particular, the author investigates in which way Šestov’s perception of the era of revolutionary changes is predicated on this duality, and attempts to see if there is a reverse connection here. This is to say, the article endeavors to clarify the impact, if any, the shift in the socio-cultural paradigm had on Šestov’s life and thought
Il Rinascimento e il modernismo russo. Firenze nell’esperienza artistica dei fondatori del “Mir iskusstva”
Get PDFThe article discusses the cultural phenomenon of the Florentine Renaissance in relation to the aesthetic program of the art association “Mir Iskusstva” (“World of Art”). As Russian modernism reflects the transformation of artistic and spiritual culture that took place in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th century, the author attempts to point out and analyze the main philosophical and aesthetic principles of the Italian Renaissance discussed among some of the important voices of the “World of Art” with particular attention on Sergej Djagilev and Aleksandr Benois. The author considers the logic of the continuity of artistic ideas of the Renaissance in the aesthetic concept of the founders of the “World of Art”. In order to demonstrate the strong link between the Renaissance past and the pre-revolutionary present the author analyzes the main literary, philosophical and memoir sources related to the legacy of Sergej Djagilev and Alexander Benois.The article discusses the cultural phenomenon of the Florentine Renaissance in relation to the aesthetic program of the art association “Mir Iskusstva” (“World of Art”). As Russian modernism reflects the transformation of artistic and spiritual culture that took place in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th century, the author attempts to point out and analyze the main philosophical and aesthetic principles of the Italian Renaissance discussed among some of the important voices of the “World of Art” with particular attention on Sergej Djagilev and Aleksandr Benois. The author considers the logic of the continuity of artistic ideas of the Renaissance in the aesthetic concept of the founders of the “World of Art”. In order to demonstrate the strong link between the Renaissance past and the pre-revolutionary present the author analyzes the main literary, philosophical and memoir sources related to the legacy of Sergej Djagilev and Alexander Benois
Aesthetic and ethic between beauty and learning. Different dimensions of the (envious) gaze in educational and knowledge relationships
Get PDFThe aesthetic appearance of beauty is intertwined with the experience of looking: and this opens up exciting paths for us to explore within the space of the complex dimensions of learning. The act of “taking something of beauty” (or something related to beauty, including its opposites) is driven by curiosity and desire but accompanied by a sense of fear and paralysis; that which attracts us may become monstruously or terribly beautiful, or – to draw on the lexicon of excess associated with beauty – “too beautiful”. There is a sort of unsustainability inherent in beauty. This text explores the dimension of envy, so understood, starting from its ethical declension, bordering with the dimension of justice; in this case, envious glance is rather a questioning look; it wonders, that's to say, how the merit of other's success happened. Envy produces questioning not as about the effects, as about processes. But often the destroying power of the envious glance reaches instead the need of an act of power (a visual one or trough the vision) of the action of other's beauty. It may be the subject of the educational relationship or the subject of learning. These declensions of the envious glance are analysed starting from literature, from myth and from the iconography connected to the power of looking
Strategie di adattamento al cambiamento climatico per il settore vitivinicolo: un’applicazione della Teoria del Prospetto Cumulativo
Get PDFThe work analyses adaptation strategies to cope with extreme events and climate change in viticultural sector. Tools for complex systems analysis are integrated with probabilistic methods and operational research to account for uncertainty and the subjective perception of farmers. The concepts of Expected Utility and Cumulative Prospect Theory are considered to compare expected and prospected damages. The study area is located in the Chianti Classico district (Tuscany). A combination of fans, anti-hail nets and emergency irrigation is suggested as strategies in current scenario. The future climate projections suggest the need of fixed irrigation systems and the modification of production disciplinary. Multi-risk insurance does not seem to be an attractive strategy due to area peculiarities
I nonni oggi, tra stili e declinazioni educative. Un contributo empirico
Get PDFThe paper aims at stimulating pedagogical reflections on the relationship between grandfathers and grandsons. Following the changes due to the lengthening of life, social transformations, to the nuclearization of the family, and the changes in working, which affect parenting, grandparents return to be considered “human capital”: providers of services and tangible and intangible works, in formal and non-formal contexts, in favor of the social community, with a strong reference to inter-generational ties, including grandchildren’s care and education. The paper also includes the epistemological analysis and empirical outcomes of the exploratory research conducted. From the conclusions, multiple pedagogical declinations arise; however, a common trait emerges: that between grandparents and grandchildren proves to be, in any case, a “special” relationship
Minori Stranieri Non Accompagnati: quale diritto alla famiglia? Esiti da una ricerca qualitativa nella Regione Emilia-Romagna
Get PDFThis contribution offers a reflection on the right to family and the familiar links of Unaccompanied Foreign Minors. In the central part of the article, we focus on qualitative research outcome, in order to deep some aspects of the educational activities implemented within the second level communities welcoming minors, in the context of Emilia-Romagna region. Specifically, we consider the relationships that young people in the communities are able to entertain with members of the families of origin, remained in the countries of birth, according to what is known and narrated by educators and community leaders, interviewed in the context of the research carried out in the first months of 2017
Famiglie transnazionali e sostegno alla genitorialità a distanza tra Italia e Paesi postsocialisti
Get PDFOver the last two decades, a new model of private welfare addressed to elders in which migrant women are usually engaged as domestic caregivers has been spreading in many European Countries, especially in Italy. About one million of women has migrated towards Italy alone as a way to provide to their families, especially children, who usually are left behind. The experience of these workers as ‘long distance mothers’ appears important to be studied from a pedagogical perspective, considering the intersecting vulnerabilities of being women, migrant and also workers in a poorly protected and underestimated working sector. This article aims to present the results of a multiple case study carried out on three different Italian projects aiming to support long distance parenting for post-socialist families. The paper finally suggests some empirically based guidelines aiming to promote the support for transnational families
Le tre Europe di Ralf Dahrendorf
Get PDFReflecting on Dahrendorf’s visions and observations on first, second and third Europe opens new fascinating avenues for the understanding of the present state of the Union and the future of liberalism. His political involvement in Germany and Bruxelles since the late 1960s, and his role as public intellectual and leader of prominent academic institutions, were experienced by Dahrendorf as opportunities to test his ideas of liberal societies, of European cooperation (and democratic deficit) and of the return to democracy of Eastern Central Europe. This essay recontructs and comments on two major historical processes that Dahrendorf witnessed and became involved with: 1) the transformation of first Europe in a much broader project, geographically and politically (la seconda Europa) and the connected process pursuing both widening and deepening on the road of third Europe. 2) the return to West of Communist Eastern Europe leading to 1989: a triumph of the liberal order for Dahrendorf but also a process leading into a deep valley of tears and eventually, in the end, to a democratic post-communist reality. This essay is both a reassessment of Dahrendorf initiatives and ideas in these areas and an attempt at reading present developments on the basis of his thinking.