DataCat: The Research Data Catalogue (University of Liverpool)
Not a member yet
921 research outputs found
Sort by
Drosophila madeirensis
No full textA photography collection (lateral, ventral, and dorsal images) of Drosophila madeirensis. Part of a collection of photographs at Drosophoto.co
Cellular costs underpin micronutrient limitation in phytoplankton
No full textMicronutrients control phytoplankton growth in the ocean, influencing carbon export and fisheries. It is currently unclear how micronutrient scarcity affects cellular processes, and how interdependence across micronutrients arises. We show that proximate causes of micronutrient growth limitation and interdependence are governed by cumulative cellular costs of acquiring and using micronutrients. Using a mechanistic proteomic allocation model of a polar diatom focused on iron and manganese, we demonstrate how cellular processes fundamentally underpin micronutrient limitation, and how they interact and compensate for each other to shape cellular elemental stoichiometry and resource interdependence. We coupled our model with metaproteomic and environmental data, yielding a novel approach for estimating biogeochemical metrics including taxon-specific growth rates. Our results show that cumulative cellular costs govern how environmental conditions modify phytoplankton growth
Aerosol formation due to a dental procedure: Insights leading to the transmission of diseases to the environments
No full textAs a result of the outbreak and diffusion of SARS-CoV-2, there has been a directive to advance medical working conditions. In dentistry, airborne particles are produced through aerosolization facilitated by dental instruments. To develop methods for reducing risks of infection in confined environments, understanding the nature and dynamics of these droplets is imperative and timely. This study provides the first evidence of aerosol droplet formation from an ultrasonic scalar under simulated oral conditions. State-of-the-art optical flow tracking velocimetry and shadowgraphy measurements are employed to quantitatively measure the flow velocity, trajectories, and size distribution of droplets produced during a dental scaling process. The droplet sizes are found to vary from 5 μm to 300 μm; these correspond to droplet nuclei that could carry viruses. The droplet velocities also vary between 1.3 m/s and 2.6 m/s. These observations confirm the critical role of aerosols in the transmission of disease during dental procedures, providing invaluable knowledge for developing protocols and procedures to ensure the safety of both dentists and patients
Myoglobin primary structure reveals multiple convergent transitions to semi-aquatic life in the world's smallest mammalian divers
No full textIdentifying the phylogenomic underpinnings of specialized phenotypes that fueled evolutionary transitions into new adaptive zones is central to evolutionary biology. The order Eulipotyphla (e.g., moles, shrews, and hedgehogs) is ideally suited to address this question as semi-fossorial, fossorial, and semi-aquatic forms have repeatedly arisen from terrestrial forbearers. However, our understanding of the ecomorphological pathways leading to these diverse lifestyles has been confounded by a fragmentary fossil record and potential morphological convergence. The net surface charge of myoglobin (ZMb) is readily determined from its primary structure and provides an objective target to map ancient evolutionary transitions due to mechanistic linkages of ZMbwith myoglobin concentration. Myoglobin facilitates O2 storage and transport in muscle and its concentration is sharply elevated in breath-hold divers relative to terrestrial mammals, with fossorial and high-elevation species only showing minor increases. Here we trace the evolution of ZMb to unravel the history of lifestyle transitions in the clade containing the world’s smallest endothermic divers. We first constructed a comprehensive phylogeny that resolved previously intractable intra-family relationships, and confirmed that ZMb accurately predicts aquatic habits within Eulipotyphla. Ancestral reconstructions of ZMb, which included representatives from all seven recognized semi-aquatic genera, provide key insights into the timing and mode of adaptations that underpin the evolution of the diverse ecomorphotypes within Eulipotyphla, and unambiguously revealed that semi-aquatic lifestyles evolved twice in moles, and three times in shrews. Our phylogenetically informed analysis supports ZMb as an effective tool to trace ancient secondary aquatic transitions of mammals based on protein sequence alone
Holocene records of Sediment Inferred [lake water] Total Phosphorus concentration (SI-TP) and landscape phosphorus yield
No full textThis data set contains sediment inferred records of lake water TP and landscape P yield, the values reconstructing trajectories in terrestrial Holocene P dynamics for the Northern Hemisphere. We apply a simple process model to published lake sediment geochemical P records from 24 sites, producing records of landscape P yield and reconstruct lake water total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. Individual site trajectories of landscape P yield and lake water TP vary systematically, with differences attributable to local landscape development history. Three distinct traits are apparent. Mountain sites with minimal direct human impact show falling P supply and conform to conceptual models of natural soil development (Trait 1). Lowland sites where substantial (pre-)historic agriculture was present show progressively increasing P supply (Trait 2). Lowland sites may also show a rapid acceleration in P supply over the last few centuries, where high intensity land use, including settlements and farming, are present (Trait 3). Where data availability permitted comparison, our reconstructed TP records agree well with both monitored lake water TP data and diatom inferred TP, and our sediment inferred P yields are comparable to reported catchment export coefficients
Prescribing indicators - Clopidogrel (P_1_15)
No full textSummary
This indicator measures the number of Clopidogrel that are prescribed on a quarterly basis by all practices in England, including GP practices. Numbers are given for the total number of items prescribed/dispensed and the total net ingredient cost (NIC) across areas of England.
Technical description
The data covers NHS prescriptions of Clopidogrel (see Appendix I) written in England and dispensed in the community in the UK. Prescriptions written in England but dispensed outside England are included. The data includes prescriptions written by GPs and other non-medical prescribers (such as nurses and pharmacists) who are attached to GP practices.
To allocate the prescribed items to each LSOA area, the Patients registered at a GP practice at Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) level was used. Patients Registered at a GP Practice dataset is a quarterly publication by NHS Digital and provides the count of patients by gender.
Additional information about the GP Practice Prescribing Chemical-level Data and Patients Registered at a GP Practice can be found at:
GP Practice Prescribing Chemical-level Data: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/practice-level-prescribing-data
Patients Registered at a GP Practice: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/patients-registered-at-a-gp-practic
Local Authority Finance: Gross Current Expenditure - Court services (FIN_07_30)
No full textSummary
This indicator describes the annual gross service expenditure for Court services provided by every Local Authority in England since 2007/2008. The gross expenditure describes the total spending by Local Authorities associated with delivering these services.
Technical description
The indicator was compiled from annual revenue outturn estimates of Local Authority (LA) revenue expenditure and financing. The Court services expenditure includes employee costs and running expenses for these services. Expenditure values are given on the basis of financial years, i.e. from April 1st to March 31st. Values are expressed in thousands (£). Since some services are provided in Upper Tier and others in Lower Tier LAs, individual spending figures from Upper Tier LAs were distributed to Lower Tier LAs based on annual population ratios (indicator FIN_07_30L), and Lower Tier LA spending was distributed to Upper Tier LAs by aggregating (indicator FIN_07_30U). Expenditure values from historic LA geography have been referenced to the 2018 LA geography. This includes changes in name/codes, merges, or splits of old LAs to new LAs based on population ratios for that year. The service expenditure is expressed as the total amount as well as per capita, for direct comparisons. However, expenditure figures were not adjusted for inflation
Quality and Outcomes Framework Indicators: Atrial fibrillation prevalence (QOF_4_07)
No full textSummary
This indicator measures the percentage of patients with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. Patients are of all ages, and numbers are given since 2007, across areas of England.
Technical description
The percentage of patients with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. GP practices reporting >30% atrial fibrillation prevalence are excluded from the calculation. QOF data by GP practice and year were provided by the data owners. These data were used to calculate weighted averages of the indicator by Lower Super Output Area (LSOA)
Finance Indicators: Local Authority Finance - Housing Benefits (FIN_07_60)
No full textSummary
The Housing Benefits indicator describes various types of spending for housing benefits (rent allowances, rebates, etc.) that Local Authorities make annually since 2004.
Technical description
The Housing Benefits indicator was compiled from annual revenue outturn estimates of Local Authority (LA) revenue expenditure and financing. The indicator includes several types of mandatory payments from inside or outside the Housing Revenue Account (HRA), mainly: a) “Housing benefits: rent allowances”, b) “Housing benefits: non-HRA rent rebates” and c) “Housing benefits: rent rebates to HRA tenants”. It also includes two other types of payments, namely d) “Housing benefits: subsidy limitation transfers from HRA”, and e) “Contribution to the HRA regarding items shared by the whole community”. Note that before 2009, housing benefit data include entries regarding transitional funds, namely “Housing benefits: transfers to/from HRA under transitional measures”, albeit values are commonly zero or very close to zero, and thus have been excluded from the dataset. Values are expressed in thousands (£) and presented on the basis of financial years, i.e. from April 1st to March 31st. Values regard Lower and Upper Tier LA geography. Individual payment types are expressed as the total amount as well as per capita, for direct comparisons. However, annual figures were not adjusted for inflation
Access Repository Dashboard
Do you manage DataCat: The Research Data Catalogue (University of Liverpool)? Access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard!