DataCat: The Research Data Catalogue (University of Liverpool)
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Data for "Element selection for functional materials discovery by integrated machine learning of atomic contributions to properties"
No full textCollection of the datasets for training phase fields ranking and classification for three target properties: superconducting transition temperature, magnetic transition temperature, energy band gap.
Predictions for the unexplored phase ternary phase fields and for the phase fields in ICSD that have not been studied with respect to the target properties
Models for the paper "Convergent evolution of quadrupedality in ornithischian dinosaurs was achieved through disparate forelimb muscle mechanics"
No full textMulti-body dynamics models of the forelimbs of ornithischians dinosaurs featured in "Convergent evolution of quadrupedality in ornithischian dinosaurs was achieved through disparate forelimb muscle mechanics" by Matthew Dempsey, Susannah C.R. Maidment, Brandon P. Hedrick, & Karl T. Bates.
Abstract
The secondary evolution of quadrupedality from bipedal ancestry is a rare evolutionary transition in tetrapods yet occurred convergently at least three times within ornithischian dinosaurs. Despite convergently evolving quadrupedal gait, ornithischians exhibited variable anatomy, particularly in the forelimbs, which underwent a major functional change from assisting in foraging and feeding in bipeds to becoming principal weight bearing components of the locomotor system in quadrupeds. Here, we use three-dimensional multi-body dynamics models to demonstrate quantitatively that different quadrupedal ornithischian clades evolved distinct forelimb musculature, particularly around the shoulder. We find that major differences in glenohumeral abduction-adduction and long axis rotation muscle leverages were key drivers of mechanical disparity, thereby refuting previous hypotheses about functional convergence in major clades. Elbow muscle leverages were also disparate across the major ornithischian lineages, although high elbow extension muscle leverages were convergent between most quadrupeds. Unlike in ornithischian hind limbs, where differences are more closely tied to functional similarity than phylogenetic relatedness, mechanical disparity in ornithischian forelimbs appears to have been shaped primarily by phylogenetic constraints. Differences in ancestral bipedal taxa within each clade may have resulted in disparate ecomorphological constraints on the evolutionary pathways driving divergence in their quadrupedal descendants
Interrelation of CdTe grain size, post-growth processing and window layer selection on solar cell performance
No full textJV, EQE, CV and XRD datasets for CdTe thin film solar cells deposited onto CdS, SnO2 and CdSe coated substrates at varied growth pressures
Dataset and codes for: Partitioning the apparent temperature sensitivity between autotrophic and heterotrophic protists
No full textConventional analyses suggest the metabolism of heterotrophs is thermally more sensitive than that of autotrophs, implying that warming leads to pronounced trophodynamic imbalances. However, these analyses inappropriately combine within- and across-taxa trends. We present a novel mathematic framework to separate these, revealing that the higher temperature sensitivity of heterotrophs is mainly caused by within-taxa responses which account for 92% of the difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic protists. This dataset contains both the datasets and R codes of per capita growth rates of autotrophic and heterotrophic protists as well as heterotrophic bacteria and insects
Daphnia magna life history data for caged and uncaged individuals (lab and mesocosm)
No full textLife history studies are often conducted in a laboratory environment where it is easy to assay individual animals. However, factors such as temperature, photoperiod, and nutrition vary greatly between laboratory and field environments, making it difficult to compare results. Consequently, there is a need to study individual life histories in the field, but this is currently difficult in systems such as Daphnia where it is not possible to mark and track individual animals. Here, we present a proof of principle study showing that field cages are a reliable method for collecting individual-level life history data in Daphnia magna. As a first step, we compared the life history of paired animals reared outside and inside cages to test the hypothesis that cages allow free-flow of algal food resources. We then used a semi-natural mesocosm setting to compare the performance of individual field cages versus glass jars re-filled with mesocosm water each day. We found that cages did not inhibit food flow, and that differences in life histories between three clones detected in the jar assays were also detectable using the much less labour-intensive field cages. We conclude that field cages are a feasible approach for collecting individual-level life history data in systems such as Daphnia where individual animals cannot be marked and tracked
Why does the metabolic cost of walking increase on compliant substrates?
No full textWalking on compliant substrates requires more energy than walking on hard substrates, but the biomechanical factors that contribute to this increase are debated. Previous studies suggest various causative mechanical factors, including disruption to pendular energy recovery, increased muscle work, decreased muscle efficiency and increased gait variability. We test each of these hypotheses simultaneously by collecting a large kinematic and kinetic data set of human walking on foams of differing thickness. This allowed us to systematically characterise changes in gait with substrate compliance, and, by combining data with mechanical substrate testing, drive the very first subject-specific computer simulations of human locomotion on compliant substrates to estimate the internal kinetic demands on the musculoskeletal system. Negative changes to pendular energy exchange or ankle mechanics are not supported by our analyses. Instead, we find that the mechanistic causes of increased energetic costs on compliant substrates are more complex than captured by any single previous hypothesis. We present a model in which elevated activity and mechanical work by muscles crossing the hip and knee are required to support the changes in joint (greater excursion and maximum flexion) and spatiotemporal kinematics (longer stride lengths, stride times and stance times, and duty factors) on compliant substrates
Intra‐season variations in distribution and abundance of humpback whales in the West Antarctic Peninsula using cruise vessels as opportunistic platforms
No full textFollowing the near collapse of several whale populations in the Southern Ocean, some baleen whale stocks are on the rise again. Combined with the recent increase in fishery of Antarctic Krill (Euphausiia superba) around the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) there is a growing need to quantify several aspects of some of these whale species in this area. In this study we use data collected from tourist vessels performing several trips during the Austral summer to quantify the beginning of the foraging season for Antarctic Humpback whales, estimate abundance, as well as use predictive habitat model to identify potential areas for interaction between this species and fishing vessels.
The following dataset includes the GPS track of both vessels and all marine mammal and seabird observations collected on two ships between late November 2019 and mid-January 2020. These data were gathered following standard Distance Sampling protocols, recorded in Logger2010 software (http://www.marineconservationresearch.co.uk/downloads/logger-2000-rainbowclick-software-downloads/), stored in MS Access database files and subset in .RData files for analysis
Local Authority Finance: Income - Other services (FIN_07_49)
No full textSummary
This indicator describes the income generated from the provision of services defined as “Other”, by Local Authority in England since 2007. Other services income is calculated from any sales, fees and charges, as well as other types of income that are associated with delivering such services.
Technical description
The indicator was compiled from annual revenue outturn estimates of Local Authority (LA) revenue expenditure and financing. Income from Other services is calculated from the sum of a) sales, fees and charges and b) other types of income generated by these services, and thus does not include central government funding, capital gains or council tax. Income values are expressed in thousands (£) and presented on the basis of financial years, i.e. from April 1st to March 31st. Since some services are provided in Upper Tier and others in Lower Tier LAs, individual income figures from Upper Tier LAs were distributed to Lower Tier LAs based on annual population ratios (indicator FIN_07_49L), and Lower Tier LA income was distributed to Upper Tier LAs by aggregating (indicator FIN_07_49U). Income values from historic LA geography have been referenced to the 2018 LA geography. This includes changes in name/codes, merges, or splits of old LAs to new LAs based on population ratios for that year. The services income generated is expressed as the total amount as well as per capita, for direct comparisons. However, annual figures were not adjusted for inflation
Local Authority Finance: Children's and Young People's Services (s251) - Other Children and Families Services (FIN_07_53)
No full textSummary
The Children's and Young People's services indicators are derived from the Section 251 (s251) revenue outturn expenditure. This indicator describes how much Local Authorities in England spent in Other Children and Families services annually since 2008.
Technical description
The Children's and Young People's Services expenditure indicators are derived from the Section 251 (s251) Table A1 revenue outturn expenditure. Total values regarding Other Children and Families Services have been identified and aggregated from the relevant datasets. Spending amounts are categorised in Own Provision, Private, Other Public and Voluntary Provision. Total values presented in this indicator report the Total (Gross) Expenditure, i.e. the sum of the above, and the Total Net Expenditure, i.e. the gross total minus the income generated through services. Values are presented on the basis of financial years, i.e. from April 1st to March 31st. Spending figures regard Upper Tier Local Authorities. Figures from historic LA geography have been referenced to the 2018 LA geography. This includes changes in name/codes, merges, or splits of old LAs to new LAs based on population ratios for that year. Note that values were not adjusted for inflation
Prescribing indicators - Opioid analgesics (P_1_12)
No full textSummary
This indicator measures the number of Opioid analgesics that are prescribed on a quarterly basis by all practices in England, including GP practices. Numbers are given for the total number of items prescribed/dispensed and the total net ingredient cost (NIC) across areas of England.
Technical description
The data covers NHS prescriptions of Opioid analgesics (see Appendix I) written in England and dispensed in the community in the UK. Prescriptions written in England but dispensed outside England are included. The data includes prescriptions written by GPs and other non-medical prescribers (such as nurses and pharmacists) who are attached to GP practices.
To allocate the prescribed items to each LSOA area, the Patients registered at a GP practice at Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) level was used. Patients Registered at a GP Practice dataset is a quarterly publication by NHS Digital and provides the count of patients by gender.
Additional information about the GP Practice Prescribing Chemical-level Data and Patients Registered at a GP Practice can be found at:
GP Practice Prescribing Chemical-level Data: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/practice-level-prescribing-data
Patients Registered at a GP Practice: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/patients-registered-at-a-gp-practic
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