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Design and Validation of New Data Acquisition System for Isolated Muscle Experiments: Application to Pharmacology Teaching and Research: Submitted: Jan 18, 2018 Accepted: Jan 30, 2018 Published online: Feb 7, 2018
Get PDFIn this paper we describe a new data acquisition (DAQ) system for pharmacology experiments involving isolated muscle contraction. The system is composed of hardware acquisition unit and computer software for analysis of signals representing muscle contractions. As compared to mechanoelectrical DAQ systems of other constructions, the advantages of the new system include a high sensitivity (in the order of 1 µN), a wide range of forces recorded (1 µN to 100 mN), linearity throughout the whole range, easy assembly, low costs, long-term calibration stability, good dynamic characteristics and full control graphical interface. The device can be readily adjusted to actual experimental conditions and a variety of muscle preparations. Experimental validation of our DAQ inside the Clinical Pharmacology Department at Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine showed that it can record contractions of isolated muscle preparations with good precision and accuracy. Accordingly, the DAQ system design presented herein with its dedicated software is largely suitable for isolated muscle experiments in both teaching and research in biomedical fields
Curcumin Enhances Chemosensitivity and Apoptosis in T24 Bladder Cancer Cells through Inhibition of the Ras/ MAPK Signaling Pathway: submitted: Feb 3, 2018 Accepted: Mar 10, 2018 Published online: Mar 15, 2018
Get PDFBackground. Curcumin (CUR), a natural phenolic compound, has been recently reported to exert antitumor actions in variety of cancers; however, the exact mechanism(s) is not clear. In this study we investigated whether CUR could inhibit Ras/MAPK pathway and enhance mitomycin C (MMC) cytotoxicity in T24 bladder cancer cells. Methods. T24 cells were cultured with different concentrations of CUR (5, 10, 20 μM) alone or combined with 10 μg/ml MMC. At the end of 72 h culture, cell viability was assessed by MTT assay; apoptosis by flow cytometry; total Ras and ERK1/2 by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results. In comparison to cells exposed to MMC alone, cells treated with combined MMC and either 10 or 20 μM CUR showed reduced cell proliferation, disrupted morphological appearance, and increased subG0/G1 apoptotic events. This inhibition was associated with marked reduction of Ras and ERK1/2 expression. Likewise, cells treated with 10 or 20 μM CUR alone showed significant inhibition, while the effect of 5 μM was less obvious. Conclusion. Resistance of T24 cells to cytotoxic effect of MMC is dependent, at least partially, on Ras/ERK activation. CUR at concentrations of 10 and 20 μM in combination with low dose MMC induced toxic synergism in T24 cells. Clinical translation of this experimental study may be reasonable in light of wide safety margin and availability of CUR
BRUSOV’S «SELECTED VERSES»: INTENTION, COMPOSITION, READERS
No full textThis article deals with Brusov verse books selected by the author himself: “Izbrannye stikhi” (1915) and “Krugozor” (1922). The both were never analyzed as separate poetic books in the context of Brusov’s literary evolution. This study is focused on the composition of “selected verses” and their estimated readers
L'évolution de la conception structurelle et proportionnelle des églises orthodoxes du Koura
No full textLes systemes de couvrement dans les eglises libanaises construites entre les XIII' et XIX' siec1es adoptaient deux solutions principales : Ie couvrement avec une voute en berceau auquel est associe Ie systeme structural base sur les murs porteurs, et Ie couvrement avec des voutes d'aretes auquel est associe Ie procede structural base sur des piliers. Certains monuments proposaient par ailleurs des solutions mixtes en joignant les deux principes.
L'usage de la voute en berceau semble avoir ete Ie plus repandu au cours du Moyen Age, tandis que celui de la voute II aretes seraitdevenu de plus en plus courant aux epoques tardives. Utilise dans certaines des eglises de I' epoque mamelouke et dans d'autres des XVI' et XVII' siec1es, ce demier est presque systematiquement privilegie dans les eglises des XVIII' et XIX' siecles, tel que Ie constate L. Nordiguian (1985 : 69). II marque en tout cas un progres dans la comprehension de la logique structurale de la pierre et du principe de la descente des charges. Celle-ci se fait Ie long des murs lateraux dans Ie systeme des voOtes en berceau, ce qui induit, d' une part, un epaississement des murs qui les supportent et donc un cout economique consequent, et, d'autre part, un assombrissement de l'interieur des monuments dO au nombre limite d'ouvertures qu'il est possible de pratiquer dans ce genre de structure
La correspondance de Constantin Carathéodory avec Henry Morgenthau le père à propos de l’intégration des réfugiés grecs après la guerre Gréco-Turque en 1919-1922
No full textThe defeat of the Greek Army in 1922 by nationalist Turkish forces in theGreco-Turkish War in 1919-1922 caused an initial forced migration ofGreeksfleeing from Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace. The Treaty of Lausanne in1923 specified the first compulsory exchange of populations ratified by aninternational organisation. It was a special Convention between Venizelosand Mustafa ismet Pasha (inönü), signed on 30 January 1923, concerningthe Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations. This "compulsory exchangeof Turkish nationals of the Greek Orthodox religion established in Turkishterritory, and of Greek nationals of the Moslem religion established in Greekterritory" was to take place as from the 1st May 1923 (Article l). The Greekinhabitants of Constantinople and the Moslem inhabitants of Western Thracewere exempted (Article 2) (Die Lausanner-Vereinbarung). However thisConvention only put the formal seal of approval on what had already been'accomplished' by the demographics ofwar. A total ofabout I .2 million Greeksleft Asia Minor between 1920 and 1923, and 355,000 Muslims migrated toTurkey in the exchange. Greece had less than five million inhabitants at thetime. Macedonia and Thrace absorbed the vast majority of the refugees: morethan 650,000 people of which 150,000 were settled in towns. Thessalonikiwas from the very start the main pole of attraction for the urban refugees.(Hastaoglou 1997:498)
Les patriarcats grecs-orthodoxes et syriaques-orthodoxes d’Antioche durant le conflit Syrien
No full textOriental Christianity is not only a special part of global Christianity, but also its oldest one. The members of the ancient Christian community in the Hellenistic city of Antioch were the first to be called christianoi — Christians.2 But with the recent developments of the Syrian Crisis, the deep- rooted Christians of the region see themselves as a threatened minority. Since the Islamist rebel militia, the so called al-Dawlah al-lslamiyah ("The Islamic State") announced the establishment of a caliphate in parts of the region of northeastern Syria and northwestern Iraq, threats against local Christians have been occurring more frequently. Recently, Islamists have forced Christians to either convert to Islam, to flee, or in the case of refusal, they have even been killed (Gol 2014)
La lumière naturelle dans l’abbaye de Belmond et dans les églises médiévales de l’époque franque au Liban
Get PDFLa question de l’éclairement naturel dans les églises et édifices médiévaux est un vaste sujet qui touche plusieurs domaines (Reveyron 1999 : 165). Le sujet de la lumière comporte deux aspects assez différents mais complémentaires. La lumière est un facteur naturel qui est nécessaire à la vie ; elle permet le développement de l’Homme et de toutes les créatures et les espèces. Généralement, le soleil ordonne, en Asie et en Europe, les constructions religieuses (Thibaud 2000 : 248). De même, la lumière dans les lieux de culte est un élément indispensable aux fidèles pour la pratique du culte. Par ailleurs, l’apport de la religion dans la vie des fidèles est souvent considéré comme une lumière divine et une manne dans la vie quotidienne et les difficultés de la vie terrestre
Exemples de mosquées en terre dans les oasis de Lybie
No full textتعنى هذه الورقة بالمساجد الأثرية ف الواحات الثلاث: أوجلة وجالو ومرادة". وقد انصبتالدراسة بالدر جة الأساس على أمثلة بعضها ما زال قائما حقى اليوم، وبعضها الآخر أزيل منذعقود طويلة، وقد تم حصرها بطرازين فقط: الأول اختص بأو جلة التي تفردت ببناء مساجدصغيرة مغطاة بالقباب. والطراز الثاي انتشر ف معظم الواحات الليبية، وقوامه مساجد تقليديةمسقوفة بسقوف مستوية من الجريد تعند إلى جوائز من جذوع التخل أو أشجار الأثل.This paper deals with the ancient mosques in the three oases of Awjila, Jalu and Marada. It focuses on examples in cases that still exist, or on others that have now disappeared. It covers only two styles: the first is related to Awjila, which had a singularity in building small mosques covered with domes. The second prevailed in most of the Libyan oases, and is constituted of traditional mosques with flat ceilings made of palm or tamarisk wood.
The importance of studying mosques in these oases has allowed to identify the additions and changes made in different historical periods
Rencontre du harem: les hommes européens et la sexualisation du harem au début de l'Egypte moderne
No full textTo enter the harem and meet the women who resided there, we discover that our route into this most private and personal of spaces is not direct but oblique. We can locate the harem in the homes of the once-powerful and wealthy; we can open the door and enter, but our encounter with the women, whose lifestories we very much want to hear, is never direct. It is mediated by sources other than the women themselves and obstructed by troublesome concepts about their character and their personality, their relationships and the lives they led behind the harem door. The historian can sit where the harem women sat, gaze at the street life below through a window screened in mashrabiyya, watch the play of light on the carved and painted ceiling and walk through the harem garden listening in perfect privacy to the songs of the birds. But the historian cannot hear their voices. How could it be otherwise, the reader might ask
Un document réformateur des usages familiaux de la communauté grecque orthodoxe de Beyrouth en 1873
Get PDFDans les fonds anciens de la Bibliotheque Orientale de Beyrouth, nous avons retrouve un exemplaire d'une lettre pastorale publiee en 1873 par Ghoufra' il (Gabriel) Chatila, I'archeveque grec orthodoxe de cette ville. Intitulee [slah al- 'awayd Ii-fa 'ifat al-roum al-orthodoksiyin fi Bayrout (Reforme des coutumes de la communaute grecque orthodoxe de Beyrouth), cette circulaire vise it informer les membres de la communaute orthodoxe beyrouthine de la reforme des usages familiaux et sociaux telle que nouvellement statuee par I ' archeveche. Nous ne connaissions pas I'existence de ce document de 1873. Seules des versions tardives, mais qui ne sont pas parfaitement identiques, ont ete publiees et n'y font aucunement reference. La premiere est rectigee par I'eveque Malatius de Lattaquie, et diffusee une dizaine d'annee plus tard par I'archidiacre Gerassimos Messarra dans la revue al-Hadiyyaf (Messarra 1887 : 283-284, 293-295, 300-302)