International Journal of Contemporary Dental and Medical Reviews
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Vertical root fractures: A review
Get PDFVertical root fractures are mostly caused following endodontic therapy, and the chances are increased many fold if the final restoration includes placement of a post. The condition is difficult to diagnose and equally difficult to treat. Earlier treatment options included extraction of single rooted teeth, but with the advent of adhesive dentistry. There is a paradigm shift towards preservation of these teeth. This review addresses the etiology, diagnosis and management of vertical root fractures
Sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine as the root end filling material, using two different retro preparation techniques - An in vitro study
Get PDF Aim: The purpose of this study is compare sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine as root end filling material, and also to compare the effect of different retro preparation techniques i.e. conventional bur v/s ultrasonic tips on sealing ability of both the root end filling materials. Materials and Methods: Totally, 40 extracted human single rooted teeth were decoronated, and root canal treatment was performed. Teeth were stored in saline for 1 week. Following which, root ends were apically resected at 90° angle to a long axis of the root and prepared. The samples were randomly divided into two groups of 20 specimens each. Group I: MTA, Group II: Biodentine as the root end filling. Each group was subdivided as A - round bur preparation and B - ultrasonic tip root end preparation. Samples were stored in saline for 48 h and then immersed in 0.5% rhodamine B dye for 24 h, sectioned and evaluated for leakage under confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: Statistical analysis of readings was done using factorial ANOVA. Biodentine and ultrasonic preparations showed significantly less microleakage than MTA and bur preparations. Conclusion: Biodentine can be used as a replacement for MTA, as a root end filling material
Save cells before tooth replantation: A review
Get PDFAvulsion is one of the most complex traumatic injury affecting both teeth and children. Avulsed teeth can be replanted. Treatment for avulsed teeth should include, pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL) cell management to increase the survival rate of these teeth. If immediate replantation is not possible, the clonicity and progenicity of the viable PDL cells can be maintained with the aid of suitable storage medium at the place of trauma. The incorrect use of a storage medium leads to PDL cell necrosis eventually resulting in ankylosis and replacement resorption of the tooth root. Due to the importance of the storage media in long-term prognosis of the avulsed teeth, an informed choice of a media is essential for a favorable outcome. This review discusses available storage media and their unique features along with pros and cons of each medium
The business and pleasure of teeth: Dental tourism
Get PDFIn-vogue 21st century, the popular term globalization has definitely conjured a plethora of development, the economic surge, integrated corporate dental offices, and contemporary approaches to health-seeking behavior. Transnational medical travel, a heterogeneous phenomenon has gained attention recently as a strategy for patients to procure cost effective care of superior quality relative to that provided within their home countries. Dental tourism, a subset of medical tourism, involves individuals seeking dental care outside their local healthcare systems, coupled with a vacation. India, a country of continental proportions, has become a popular destination for foreign patients in recent times, particularly in dental care. India’s accessibility and availability of quality assured and cost-effective dental treatment, amalgamated with its myriad hues of culture and heritage, has exponentially fostered the bloom of India in “dental tourism.” Steep costs, lack of health insurance and dental benefits are key factors pushing low-income western world families to obtain cross-country dental care. Dental Tourism companies and corporate dental chains are increasingly advertising “all inclusive” travel packages that include dental procedures, hotel room reservations, side trips to tourist attractions, and airline tickets to lure international clients. The objective of this scientific communication was to explore and address the social, ethical, economic, and legal dimensions of dental tourism in India. With current governmental activities in full throttle, the tide of dental tourism definitely envisages to boost the economy of the Indian Republic manifold. The future is not near. It’s here
Immediate implantation in an extraction socket: A review
Get PDFTooth removal and immediate implant placement have turned out to be a normal routine treatment modality as a result of reduced treatment time as well as the protection of anatomical structures. Nevertheless, most of the time, this procedure entails teeth with various stages of tissue damage because of underlying bacterial contamination. Hence far, the level of implant damage has not really been explained neither has scientific conduite algorithm criteria been set up for these kinds of cases. The aim of this article is to present the clinician with a clear understanding about immediate implant placement and to differentiate the dos from the donts in a systematic manner
Lasers in pediatric dentistry: A review
Get PDFIn ancient Greece, the sun was used in heliotherapy, or the exposure of the body to the sun for the restoration of health. The Chinese used the sun to treat such conditions as rickets, skin cancer and even psychosis. This use of light for treatment of various pathologies is referred to as phototherapy. In 1903, a Danish physician named Niels Finsen developed a technique known as carbon arc phototherapy for the treatment of lupus vulgaris that employed the use of ultraviolet rays
Lactate dehydrogenase: An enzymatic biomarker in oral health and disease
Get PDFLactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a metabolic enzyme catalyzing the anerobic glycolysis has been a non-specific indicator of diseases such as myocardial infarction, liver disease (being particularly high in toxic hepatitis with jaundice), megaloblastic anemia’s, and renal disease. LDH is an intracellular enzyme detectable in the cellular cytoplasm of all the cells in the human body, which becomes extracellular upon the cell death. Therefore, its extracellular presence is related to the cell death and tissue destruction. The LDH concentration in saliva, as an expression of cellular necrosis, could be a more specific indicator of the oral lesions that affect the integrity of the oral mucosa. This article thus reviews LDH as an enzyme marker of oral health and disease with a note on its isolation and storag
Transseptal fibers - crosslinking convolutes: A review
Get PDFThe transseptal fibers come under a group of supra-alveolar fibers, which constitute the principal fibers of the periodontium. They play a very important role in maintaining the position and orientation of the teeth in the arch. These fibers are embedded firmly in the cementum of adjacent teeth which maintain the mesio - distal contacts of the teeth. There are a continuous renewal and self-regeneration of transseptal fibers, even after destruction. They have a role in midline diastema and relapse of orthodontically treated rotated teeth. This review discusses the transseptal fibers and the bridging role of transseptal fibers in periodontic and orthodontic interventions
Smile analysis: A review Part II
Get PDFSmile design is the important aesthetic goal of every clinician. As in today’s era smile is more important than ideal occlusion. But it’s a multi-factorial process. There is no universal “ideal” smile. Smile analysis is first based on soft tissue repose, how the lips animate on smile, gingival display, crown length, and other attributes of the smile. The second is the facial change throughout a patient’s lifetime. Clinician should rank these smile attributes in order of their importance in creating a balanced smile. There are various methods of smile analysis. Developing a “standard of normalcy” for smiles is important as it would give guidelines for orthodontist and clinicians to have better treatment results. This article deals with all the different process of smile designing and lays norms for a beautiful smile
Saliva: A mirror to health
Get PDFSalivary composition enables it to fulfill multiple tasks, which is based both on components that originate in the oral, oropharyngeal mucosa and as secretions from the salivary glands themselves, as well as serum derivatives. Accordingly, salivary analysis facilitates the evaluation of both local and systemic changes in the body. Salivary analysis may also be used in order to examine specific disease-related alterations such as epithelial tumor markers, which is shown to be significantly increased in the saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Similarly, patient’s salivary components are representative of its composition under physiological or pathological conditions, and these components that may be altered in several oral and systemic conditions, aid in the further understanding of the relationship between saliva and the disease pathogenesis, as well as its contribution to its diagnosis