International Journal of Contemporary Dental and Medical Reviews
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Survival of short dental implants ≤7 mm: A review
Get PDFThe first long-term successful outcome of short dental implants was demonstrated by Frieberg et al. in 1991, however, the definition of “short” implants is still controversial and without uniform consensus nowadays. The specific aim of this review was to evaluate and to compare cumulative survival rate (CSR) of short dental implants of the two groups. The survival rate of short dental implants was the primary outcome variable to be extracted and analyzed. An electronic search was conducted through the Medline (PubMed) database of the National Library of Medicine, and EMBASE to find all relevant articles published between January 1, 1990, and April 30, 2015. The electronic search identified 347 publications, which were all carefully screened by title and abstract. About 65 articles qualified for a thorough full-text analysis: 35 studies were excluded because CSR% was not calculable. Finally, 30 studies with relevant data on CSR were selected to be included in this review. Articles were divided into two groups: All relevant articles published between 1991 and 2000 as Group 1 and between 2001 and 2015 as Group 2. In Group 1 CSR was 83.53% ± 19.46%, a considerable statistically significant difference compared to 93.65% ± 7.94% of Group 2. This review further identified the causes of failure: In Group 1 the majority of short implant failures occurred early, within the first 4 months, for an insufficient quantity of bone tissue. In Group 2, causes of early failures considered were low bone quality while prosthetic reasons were responsible for delayed failures
Botox and derma fillers: The twin-face of cosmetic dentistry
Get PDFIn recent years, botulinum toxin and derma fillers have made their way into dentistry for both dental esthetic and therapeutic uses. They are here to stay and with more and more intra oral uses of these materials, they are fast becoming an integral part of everyday dental practice. They provide most significant, minimally invasive procedure at low cost with limited to no recovery time. Today botox and derma fillers both go hand in hand for rejuvenative and cosmetic procedures. This article focuses on the mechanism of action and various uses of botox and derma fillers in the maxillofacial areas along with its future implications in the dentistry
Concomitant mandibular hypo-hyperdontia: Report of two rarest cases with the literature review
Get PDFConcomitant occurrence of both hypodontia (congenital tooth agenesis) and hyperdontia (supernumerary tooth) in the same dental arch is an extremely rare dental anomaly. Literature search shows very few cases of this anomalous condition with all cases depicting the unilateral presence of supernumerary tooth. Therefore, the intention of the current article is to report two cases of concomitant occurrence of mandibular both hypo-hyperdontia. In that one case exhibited bilateral occurrence of mesiodens teeth in the midline of mandible with associated agenesis of permanent both central incisors and taurodontism in permanent molars, which is not published so far. The article also provides comprehensive literature review on this rarest clinical entity
Effect of ageing on oral health-related quality of life
Get PDFElderly population is rising all around the world. By 2050, the number of elderly is expected to rise to two billion, 80% of whom will be living in developing countries. It’s a challenge for countries, especially developing ones, as it put additional burden on their already overburdened health care infrastructure. This phenomenon is accompanied by the rise in the incidence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and oral health problems like dental caries, periodontal disease and oral cancer. There is no doubt that oral health and general health are related, this interrelationship becomes more pronounced with increasing age. Oral diseases compromise chewing and eating abilities, thereby affecting the nutritional status in the elderly. Similarly, systemic diseases and/or the adverse side effects of their treatments can lead to increased risk of oral diseases, xerostomia, and altered taste sensation. Traditionally oral health program is planned on the basis of clinical assessment of oral diseases in a population by recording various dental indices. However, the simple assessment of the mouth does not answer a question that has been a more recent concern of health research: What is the effect of poor oral conditions on quality of life (QoL)? There is an increased recognition of incorporating oral health-related QoL measures while evaluating oral health. It can be used to measure the impact of various oral diseases on the general population and high-risk groups and to study the success of various preventive and curative procedures on improving the QoL of an individua
Nutritional considerations in geriatrics
Get PDFTo lead healthy and active life, human beings need a broad range of nutrients. The nutrients required for different physiological age groups can be derived only from a well-balanced diet. One of the major challenges for the success of health sciences in the present scenario is increasing elderly population in the society. Nutritional deficiency, particularly of proteins is very common in elderly people. Over 60% of elderly people are malnourished, and there are many causes for this malnutrition and it is not always easy to differentiate the age-related from the pathological. We always need to remind the phrase that “it is of great importance to add life to years and not years to life.” Here is article reviewing the basics of nutrition in elderly people and the role of prosthodontist in the same
Enhancing retention of maxillary obturators using dental implants
Get PDFThe purpose of the present paper is to review available information on the methods of enhancing retention of maxillary obturators. A maxillofacial prosthesis used to close, cover, or maintain the integrity of the oral and nasal compartments resulting from a congenital, acquired, or developmental disease process, i.e. cancer, cleft palate, osteoradionecrosis of the palate. The prosthesis facilitates speech and deglutition by replacing those tissues lost due to the disease process and can, as a result, reduce nasal regurgitation and hyper nasal speech, improve articulation, deglutition, and mastication. The methods enhancing retention of maxillary obturator are various and selection of it depends on the amount of retention needed and the nature of the defect. Conventional methods include clasps, silicone soft liner, and sectional prosthesis. A introduction of dental implants in obturator brings wonderful improvement in performance of obturator by exhibiting better mechanical qualities. With diff erent types of attachment the dental implant solved the major problems that encountered with conventional obturator dental implants with appropriate attachments system dramatically improve the retention of the maxillary obturators when recommended prosthetic protocols are followed for the rehabilitation of those cases
Successful nonsurgical management of a large radicular cyst: A case report with review of literature
Get PDFRadicular cyst is the most common of all jaw cysts comprising about 52-68% of the cysts affecting the human jaw. It is known to originate as a result of bacterial infection and necrosis of the dental pulp, which causes the proliferation of epithelial cells in a preexisting granuloma. Although a common entity, there still exists a dilemma regarding the management of this pathology. Some author reported that surgical intervention is necessary, whereas others recommends non-surgical management. This article is about successful management of a large radicular cyst following non-surgical endodontic treatment
Dermatoglyphics in dentistry: A review
Get PDFDermatoglyphics, coined by Cummins and Midlo in 1926, is a branch of genetics dealing with the skin ridge system. They have been studied for fortune telling by palmists and as a definitive and unalterable tool for identification by forensic experts. From cradle to grave, until the body decomposes fingerprints remain unchanged. In many respects, it has been used as an adjunct to other disciplines, serving as a vehicle to resolve broader biomedical problems. Dermatoglyphics can be a good diagnostic adjuvant for identification of various genetic disorders, oral diseases, and helpful in forensic science
Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws: An insight
Get PDFFibro-osseous lesions of the jaws comprise a diverse group of conditions, which are characterized by replacement of normal bone by fibroblasts, collagen fibers, and mineralized tissue. The diagnosis based on microscopy alone is often impossible due to overlapping of histopathologic features. Adequate clinical and para clinical observations, such as patient’s age, sex, location of the lesion, duration of symptoms, imaging characteristics, and histologic findings are necessary to arrive at an accurate diagnosis.Certain cases present features that may be atypical and do not favor a definite diagnosis. Sound knowledge of various fi bro-osseous lesions of craniofacial structures is critical for proper interpretation and diagnosis of these lesions. Despite striking similarity in the clinical, radiographic and to some extent the histologic patterns, the biologic behavior varies; so each lesion may require a diff erent treatment approach. In this review, the most important and frequent features of the fi bro-osseous lesions of jaws along with diff erent classifications are discussed