University of Castilla-La Mancha
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Comparison of nanoclay/polyvinyl alcohol aerogels scale production: Life Cycle Assessment
No full textNowadays, organic aerogels have arisen as promising materials for different applications such as: building, construction, energy among others, due to their low density, high thermal insulation capacity and high porosity. In the recent years multiple procedures to synthesize them have been developed, however, the freeze-drying method has gained more importance, being considered a cost-competitive, eco-friendly, and efficient process. Therefore, it is fundamental to evaluate its environmental impacts for its future implementation as a sustainable industrial process. In this work, a Life Cycle Assessment on the synthesis of nanoclay reinforced polyvinyl alcohol aerogels by freeze-drying has been carried out. Furthermore, the influence of the production scale (laboratory and pilot line) and the functional unit (1 kg and 1 m3) have been studied. Additionally, different upgrading approaches carried out in the pilot line, energy efficiency and production capacity, have been evaluated. Results demonstrated that better environmental impact values were obtained with pilot line aerogel production in comparison to laboratory scale for both functional units. Regarding the different upgrade assessment with the pilot line, it has been concluded that the background processes and the energy consumption are the main causes for the increment in the environmental impact values during the aerogel synthesis.En la actualidad, los aerogeles orgánicos han surgido como materiales promisorios para diferentes aplicaciones tales como: edificación, construcción, energía entre otras, debido a su baja densidad, alta capacidad de aislamiento térmico y alta porosidad. En los últimos años se han desarrollado múltiples procedimientos para sintetizarlos, sin embargo, el método de liofilización ha ganado mayor importancia, siendo considerado un proceso rentable, amigable con el medio ambiente y eficiente. Por lo tanto, es fundamental evaluar sus impactos ambientales para su futura implementación como un proceso industrial sostenible. En este trabajo se ha llevado a cabo un análisis del ciclo de vida de la síntesis de aerogeles de poli(alcohol vinílico) reforzados con nanoarcillas mediante liofilización. Además, la influencia de la escala de producción (laboratorio y línea piloto) y la unidad funcional (1 kg y 1 m 3) han sido estudiados. Adicionalmente, se han evaluado diferentes enfoques de mejora llevados a cabo en la línea piloto, eficiencia energética y capacidad de producción. Los resultados demostraron que se obtuvieron mejores valores de impacto ambiental con la producción de aerogel en línea piloto en comparación con la escala de laboratorio para ambas unidades funcionales. En cuanto a la evaluación de diferentes actualizaciones con la línea piloto, se ha concluido que los procesos de fondo y el consumo de energía son las principales causas del incremento en los valores de impacto ambiental durante la síntesis del aerogel
Estudios lingüísticos de jóvenes investigadores (libro completo)
No full textLos estudios recogidos en este libro están divididos en: I. Estudios de fonética, gramática y pragmática; II. Sociolingüística; III. Historia de la lengua y estudios clásicos; y IV. Enseñanza del español y otros idiomas como lengua extranjera
Secondary organic aerosol formation from the ozonolysis and oh-photooxidation of 2,5-dimethylfuran
Get PDFIn this study, the O3 and OH radical oxidation of 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-DMF) were investigated in two different chambers at (296±1) K and atmospheric pressure to examine secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Results for OH-photooxidation indicate that SOA yieldsdecrease (from 6.2 to 0.4) with the rise of 2,5-DMF concentration (from10 to 1000 ppb). In the absence of NOx and under high relative humidity (RH) conditions (60%), higher aerosol yields are favoured. SOA formation is dependent on the initial seed surface for two kinds of inorganic seed particles ((NH4)2SO4 and CaCl2), being the effect slightly greater for CaCl2. The ozonolysis only generates particles in the presence of SO2 and the increase of relative humidity from 0 to 15% lowers the particle number and particle mass concentrations. The water-to-SO2 rate constant ratio of the Criegee intermediate was derived from the SOA yield in experiments with different relative humidity values, with kH2O/kSO2 = (1.6±0.4)x10−5
An Occupational Therapy Approach to Sexuality in People with Acquired Brain Injury in a Subacute Setting
No full textTo analyze if people with acquired brain injury in sub-acute situation, as well as their relatives and/or partners, consider relevant the approach to sexuality during their Occupational Therapy intervention. This study presents a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Twelve participants were interviewed: eight people with acquired brain injury, two relatives and two partners who agreed to participate. The information has been collected through interviews. According to the interviews, the following categories have emerged: changes and everyday life, the taboo of sex and its relation to gender and the relevance of counselling. Participants consider sexuality as another activity of daily living, which has been modified due to acquired brain injury. Not only does the taboo of sex condition the subject, but it is also influenced by the individuals gender. In addition, the counselling by the professionals involved in the rehabilitation process is the main intervention claimed by the participants of this study. The participants consider sexuality as an activity of daily living. Therefore, the occupational therapist who follows the holistic conception of the people must consider sexuality in the intervention process
Music as a Tool for Promoting Environmental Awareness. Experiences of Undergraduate Education Students on the Production of Video Tales in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Get PDFThis paper elaborates on the didactic implementation of musical theater with undergrad uate education students. Students had to select, prepare, justify, design, elaborate, rehearse, stage,
and record an educational tale that targets ecological and environmental values in its main plot
or storyline. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the implementation of this didactic proposal went
online, and the interactions between students took place through video calls. This study surveyed
a sample of 86 participants (n = 86) from a population of 116 students (N = 116) from the Faculty
of Education of Albacete (UCLM) to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of carrying out
this activity in an online format. The main challenges exposed the complexity of coordinating a
team in a completely online format, problems related to physical isolation, and the limited access
to a high-quality internet connection. The reported benefits included the development of digital
competences, the interactions through social media, and creative thinking. Most students viewed
this activity as didactically innovative and 98.84% agreed that musical tales and musical theater can
be useful for promoting environmental awarenes
Propaganda, discurso bélico y demonización del enemigo: la política de Cromwell hacia España a través de sus discursos en la Cámara de los Comunes
No full textPorfirio Sanz analiza cómo Oliver Cromwell utilizó la propaganda y el discurso bélico para demonizar a España entre 1654 y 1658. Durante este periodo, la política de Cromwell hacia España fue especialmente agresiva, destacando la expedición a las Antillas y al Mediterráneo para atacar las bases de la Carrera de Indias española y capturar el tesoro de la flota. La guerra anglo-española, aunque episódica, permitió a Cromwell formar alianzas con Francia y Portugal, debilitando así a la Monarquía Hispánica y forzándola a firmar el Tratado de los Pirineos
Obras completas. Volumen IX. Comedias sueltas
Get PDFEn este volumen se publican cuatro desconocidas comedias de Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla que han sido estudiadas y editadas por Alberto Gutiérrez Gil. Una de ellas es una notable comedia de capa y espada, Primero es la honra que el gusto, cuya edición más reciente es la que llevó a cabo Ramón de Mesonero Romanos en 1861. Las otras tres pertenecen al género de la comedia palatina y no contaban hasta ahora con una edición modern
03 Caracterización espacio-temporal de los daños por conejo y mecanismos de gestión
No full textEl caso que nos ocupa en este capítulo, el conejo de monte (Oryctolagus cunículus), y en particular en la península ibérica, es particularmente excepcional. A lo largo del presente capítulo se pretende dar evidencias y motivos del porqué de tal excepcionalidad
The Classification of Profiles of Financial Catastrophe Caused by Out-Of-Pocket Payments: A Methodological Approach
Get PDFThe financial catastrophe resulting from the out-of-pocket payments necessary to access
and use healthcare systems has been widely studied in the literature. The aim of this work is to predict the impact of the financial catastrophe a household will face as a result of out-of-pocket payments in long-term care in Spain. These predictions were made using machine learning techniques such as LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) penalized regression and elastic-net, as well as algorithms like k-nearest neighbors (KNN), MARS (Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines), random forest, boosted trees and SVM (Support Vector Machine). The results reveal that all the classification methods performed well, with the complex models performing better than the simpler ones and showing no evidence of overfitting. Detecting and defining the profiles of individuals and families most likely to suffer from financial catastrophe is crucial in enabling the design of financial policies aimed at protecting vulnerable groups
Causas y posibles efectos de la dualidad en la valoración de inmuebles: ¿es el valor de referencia la solución?
Get PDFEl Proyecto de Ley de medidas de prevención y lucha contra el fraude fiscal de 23 de octubre de 20201 se ha ocupado del controvertido y litigioso asunto que afecta a la determinación de la base imponible de los tradicionalmente denominados impuestos patrimoniales (ITPAJD, ISD e IP), mediante la sustitución del valor real al que se aludía normativamente por el valor de referencia. Este trabajo se ocupa de estudiar el origen y causa de este cambio normativo, la justificación de la necesidad de adoptar semejante medida y la evaluación a priori de los posibles efectos que pueden concatenarse pasan por realizar un análisis de los antecedentes inmediatos y el análisis de las posibles repercusiones con una visión conjunta de los aspectos relacionados con la fiscalidad inmobiliaria en los últimos tiempos