University of Castilla-La Mancha
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Fire Damage to the Soil Bacterial Structure and Function Depends on Burn Severity: Experimental Burnings at a Lysimetric Facility (MedForECOtron)
Get PDFThe soil microbiota is vulnerable to burning; however, it shows some resilience. No indices have yet been developed to assess fire damage related to soil biota. We evaluated the biological soil indices recorded by a Biolog EcoPlate System in a Mediterranean ecosystem. The experiment was carried out in an outdoor forest lysimeter facility (MedForECOtron), where we simulated burns with different burn severities. Burning increased the metabolic diversity of bacteria and most C-substrate utilization groups. Soil organic matter, phosphorus, electric conductivity, and calcium increased with increasing burn severity. Microbial richness and activity, as well as the integrated capacity of soil microbes to use a C source, lowered by burning, but recovered 6 months later. The functional diversity and amount of the C source used by microbes immediately increased after fire, and values remained higher than for unburned soils. We evaluated the changes in the vulnerability and resilience of fire-adapted ecosystems to improve their adaptive forest management. We found that the high burn severity reduced microbial richness, functional diversity, and the C source utilization of soil microbes (marked vulnerability to high temperatures), which recovered in the short term (high resilience). These results help to understand the main mechanisms of the effects of wildfire on semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystems, whose field validation will be helpful for fire prevention planning and restoration of burned areas
Factores socioeconómicos que afectan a los clusters y ecosistemas de innovación: impacto en el desarrollo regional sostenible
Get PDFLas empresas se encuentran inmersas en una etapa económica en la que la cooperación entre agentes, la participación en clusters y la innovación abierta en los procesos de I+D+i representan elementos estratégicos para el desarrollo sostenible y competitivo. Así mismo, la localización geográfica empresarial se presupone como fuente de ventajas competitivas gracias al aprovechamiento de las fortalezas que presentan determinados enclaves mediante el desarrollo de las especializaciones inteligentes.
Dado que en muchas regiones los clusters son considerados la clave del desarrollo económico, su creación y desarrollo no afecta simplemente al entorno empresarial, sino que se traslada hasta los organismos públicos, encargados de acelerar y promover medidas que impulsen la cooperación empresarial. Tanto entidades públicas como privadas promueven conglomerados para generar efectos positivos multiplicadores sobre las empresas y centros de generación de conocimiento, favoreciendo sinergias y transferencia de información. Actualmente, los clusters representan una parte significativa del empleo en toda Europa, impulsando el crecimiento de las PYMES y la especialización de los sectores económicos regionales.
Las investigaciones estudiadas han demostrado que existen factores esenciales para potenciar la aparición de clusters regionales. Por lo cual, esta tesis aborda el estudio de dichos aspectos con el objetivo de ofrecer a los poderes públicos y al entorno empresarial, un enfoque estratégico para entender la importancia del fenómeno y, en consecuencia, ofrecer un método factible, para abordar el cómo promover la aparición de ecosistemas innovadores en el entorno regional.
Palabras Clave: clusters, cooperación, desarrollo sostenible, políticas de cluster, ventajas competitivas, ecosistema innovador.
Área de conocimiento: Organización de empresas.Las empresas se encuentran inmersas en una etapa económica en la que la cooperación entre agentes, la participación en clusters y la innovación abierta en los procesos de I+D+i representan elementos estratégicos para el desarrollo sostenible y competitivo. Así mismo, la localización geográfica empresarial se presupone como fuente de ventajas competitivas gracias al aprovechamiento de las fortalezas que presentan determinados enclaves mediante el desarrollo de las especializaciones inteligentes.
Dado que en muchas regiones los clusters son considerados la clave del desarrollo económico, su creación y desarrollo no afecta simplemente al entorno empresarial, sino que se traslada hasta los organismos públicos, encargados de acelerar y promover medidas que impulsen la cooperación empresarial. Tanto entidades públicas como privadas promueven conglomerados para generar efectos positivos multiplicadores sobre las empresas y centros de generación de conocimiento, favoreciendo sinergias y transferencia de información. Actualmente, los clusters representan una parte significativa del empleo en toda Europa, impulsando el crecimiento de las PYMES y la especialización de los sectores económicos regionales.
Las investigaciones estudiadas han demostrado que existen factores esenciales para potenciar la aparición de clusters regionales. Por lo cual, esta tesis aborda el estudio de dichos aspectos con el objetivo de ofrecer a los poderes públicos y al entorno empresarial, un enfoque estratégico para entender la importancia del fenómeno y, en consecuencia, ofrecer un método factible, para abordar el cómo promover la aparición de ecosistemas innovadores en el entorno regional.
Palabras Clave: clusters, cooperación, desarrollo sostenible, políticas de cluster, ventajas competitivas, ecosistema innovador.
Área de conocimiento: Organización de empresas
Communicative and pragmatic skills: down syndrome vs. williams syndrome
Get PDFDown Syndrome (DS, hereinafter) is a chromosomal alteration produced by changes in the DNA sequence of chromosome 21, in addition to being the main cause of intellectual disability in the world [1]. According to the World Health Organization [2], DS has a worldwide prevalence of 1 in every 1,000 live births, but these figures vary due to different factors such as prenatal diagnosis. Others say that DS occurs in about 1 in 700 births [3].
Language is one of the areas in which people with DS have more delays, problems, or difficulties, compared to people with Typical Development (TD). These difficulties or deficiencies are caused by neurobiological or cognitive deficits [4-6]. In general, the level of comprehension in people with TD is better preserved than the level of expression and the lexico-semantic area, as well as the pragmatic area, are considered stronger compared to the phonetic-phonological and syntax area [7,8].
In the case of people with DS, Abbeduto, et al. [9]. Show the existence of a delay in practically all facets of pragmatic performance in relation to TD children of the same age. However, Roberts, et al. [10], say that starting from how difficult this area is, as well as everything that constitutes it and, taking into account the capacity of these people, it is shown as a strengthened area. As a consequence, it can be concluded that pragmatics in people with DS has strong and weak points [10].
In people with DS, the ability to initiate a conversation is one of the weakest aspects [11]. As Abbeduto, Warren & Conners [12] state, children with TD elaborate a discourse through more complex contributions, while children with DS limit themselves to providing “simple answers”, observing less significant content. The narrative capacity presents weaknesses [11], improving when visual information is presented that allows them to observe the course of the story [11,13]. Roberts, et al. [10], indicate that people with DS can hold conversations on a specific topic on a medium-high percentage of occasions
The Internationalization in the Learning of the Accounting Profession: Use of the Kahoot as a Teaching Tool for Learning
No full textBusiness organizations, as well as society, evolve based on variousinputs, whether due to technological advances, cultural changes or the incidenceof the environmental situation. In the case of the accounting profession, it isusual to face legislation, documentation, reports, ratios, databases, etc. in otherlanguages. Our students must be familiar with the different environments thatallow them to consult any type of information, such as balance sheets, incomestatements, among other national and international companies. Information andCommunication Technologies (ICTs) have provided an opportunity as a meansof innovation and motivation in university education. Specifically, gamificationin learning contributes to improving attention, concentration, complex thinking,strategic planning or problem solving. An example of this is the use of Kahoot.This work gathers the experience of applying gamification in the classroom tostudents from different backgrounds, to improve teaching-learning, specificallyfocusing on the use of kahoot as a learning tool in accounting for national andinternational students. The objective that we set ourselves is, first of all, to characterizethe students who participate in different accounting classes at the Universityof Barcelona, and if there are significant differences in participation in the accountingsubject between national and international students and, on the other hand, toidentify if there are differences by origin of country and gender, and finally showwhether the use of kahoot produces a difference in the learning outcomes betweenstudents of different origins and gender
Teachers´ perceptions of barriers and facilitators of the school environment for physical activity in schoolchildren: a qualitative study
Get PDFA qualitative study based on grounded theory was carried out to analyse the facilitators and barriers of the school environment for physical activity (PA) perceived by teachers at schools in Cuenca and Ciudad Real (Castilla La Mancha-Spain). The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Three themes were identified, 1) facilitators and 2) barriers to PA and 3) initiatives to promote PA among school children. Facilitators were teachers’ positive attitudes, the benefits attributed to their practice, teachers’ support for the activities and being specialised in physical education, considering the school as a good place to promote physical activity, facilitating elements of the curriculum and the built environment, support from the management team and organised breaks. Barriers were teachers who fail to support activities, reasons for not doing movement activities in class, devaluation of physical education, differences of opinion among teachers on the amount of physical education to be done, hindering factors in the curriculum, the built environment and classroom organisation, and unfavourable weather conditions. Raising awareness of the importance of PA, increasing the number of physical education and psychomotor skills sessions, training teachers in the use of active methodologies and organising reduced-cost or free extracurricular activities are essential steps to promote PA among schoolchildren in the school environment. It is important that the initiatives established to promote PA not only focus on establishing programmes that aim to increase the practice of PA among schoolchildren, but also to overcome barriers in the school environment, so that greater importance is given to the school elements that facilitate PA
The Impact of RNA Interference in Tick Research
Get PDFOver the past two decades, RNA interference (RNAi) in ticks, in combination with omics
technologies, have greatly advanced the discovery of tick gene and molecular function. While
mechanisms of RNAi were initially elucidated in plants, fungi, and nematodes, the classic 2002
study by Aljamali et al. was the first to demonstrate RNAi gene silencing in ticks. Subsequently,
applications of RNAi have led to the discovery of genes that impact tick function and tick-hostpathogen
interactions. RNAi will continue to lead to the discovery of an array of tick genes and
molecules suitable for the development of vaccines and/or pharmacologic approaches for tick control
and the prevention of pathogen transmission.En las dos últimas décadas, la interferencia del ARN (ARNi) en las garrapatas, en combinación con las tecnologías ómicas
de las garrapatas, han hecho avanzar enormemente el descubrimiento de la función genética y molecular de las garrapatas. Mientras que
Si bien los mecanismos de ARNi se dilucidaron inicialmente en plantas, hongos y nematodos, el clásico estudio de 2002 de Aljamali et al.
de 2002 de Aljamali et al. fue el primero en demostrar el silenciamiento génico por ARNi en las garrapatas. Posteriormente,
Posteriormente, las aplicaciones del ARNi han permitido descubrir genes que afectan a la función de las garrapatas y a las interacciones entre garrapatas y patógenos.
de las garrapatas y los patógenos. El ARNi seguirá llevando al descubrimiento de una serie de genes y moléculas de garrapatas
de genes de garrapatas y moléculas adecuadas para el desarrollo de vacunas y/o enfoques farmacológicos para el control de las garrapatas y la prevención de la transmisión de patógenos.
y la prevención de la transmisión de patógenos
Resolución de 24/03/2022, de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, por la que se publica la modificación del artículo 72.3 del Reglamento de Patrimonio de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Get PDFIn-work poverty in the EU (II)
No full textWe are delighted to present the second part of the Special Issue on in-work poverty in the EU. We continue (and conclude) here the conversation which was opened last December in EU Law Live’s Weekend Edition (No. 82, 3 December 2021) . In the ??rst part of the Special Issue we discussed the proposal for (4) a Directive on adequate minimum wages and the debates on minimum income at EU level as relevant topics in connection to in-work poverty. In this second part we present two contributions: one dealing with the regulation of platform work at EU level and the other with collective bargaining of the self-employed. Both topics are relevant from an in-work poverty perspective
Astrocyte-neuronal network interplay is disrupted in Alzheimers disease mice
Get PDFAlzheimers disease (AD) is associated with senile plaques of beta-amyloid (Aß) that affect the function of neurons and astrocytes. Brain activity results from the coordinated function of neurons and astrocytes in astroglial-neuronal networks. However, the effects of Aß on astroglial and neuronal network function remains unknown. Simultaneously monitoring astrocyte calcium and electric neuronal activities, we quantified the impact of Aß on sensory-evoked cortical activity in a mouse model of AD. At rest, cortical astrocytes displayed spontaneous hyperactivity that was related to Aß density. Sensory-evoked astrocyte responsiveness was diminished in AD mice, depending on the density and distance of Aß, and the responses showed altered calcium dynamics. Hence, astrocytes were spontaneously hyperactive but hypo-responsive to sensory stimulation. Finally, AD mice showed sensory-evoked electrical cortical hyperresponsiveness associated with altered astrocyte-neuronal network interplay. Our findings suggest dysfunction of astrocyte networks in AD mice may dysregulate cortical electrical activity and contribute to cognitive decline