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Exploiting genetic diversity in Aegilops tauschii to improve wheat flour quality under heat stress conditions
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Therapeutic effects of sildenafil combined with low-dosage imatinib on pulmonary hypertension in five dogs
Get PDFFive dogs were diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to chronic degenerative mitral valve disease or ventricular septal defect. They were initially administered low-dose imatinib mesylate (3 mg/kg, q24h) without changes to the background therapy to treat PH. The low-dose imatinib improved the right ventricular (RV) function parameters including estimated systolic and mean pulmonary arterial pressures (sPA and mPAP) and clinical symptoms. On day 53 to day 168 after imatinib administration, as PH and clinical signs worsened, low-dose sildenafil (0.5 mg/kg, q12h) was administered in combination with imatinib. This combination greatly reduced the estimated sPA and mPAP, and improved clinical symptoms and RV function parameters without worsening left ventricular function. A low-dose imatinib and sildenafil combination may provide a promising treatment alternative for canine PH
Cowpea speed breeding using regulated growth chamber conditions and seeds of oven-dried immature pods potentially accommodates eight generations per year
Get PDFBackground: Cowpea is a dryland crop with potential to improve food security in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is mostly produced and consumed. Contemporary plant improvement technologies, including genome editing, marker-assisted selection, and optimized transformation protocols, are being deployed to improve cowpea characteristics. Integrating speed breeding with these technologies would accelerate genetic gain in cowpea breeding. There are established speed breeding protocols for other important legumes, such as soybean, peanut, and chickpea, but none has been previously reported for cowpea. Results: With the aid of regulated growth conditions in two different chamber types, as well as the cultivation of new plant generations from seeds of oven-dried immature pods, we developed and validated, for the first time, an efficient speed breeding protocol that accommodates approximately seven to eight breeding generations per year for 3 cowpea genotypes. The 3 cowpea genotypes were evaluated under controlled growth conditions in light-emitting diode and metal halide lamp chambers to determine the effect of CO2 supplementation on flowering and maturation durations, optimum conditions for plant growth, cross pollination, and pod development. Elevated CO2 concentration had no influence on either flowering time or pod development. Adequate temperature, relative humidity and light intensity improved plant development and the rate of successful hand pollination, and cultivating seeds of 11-day-old immature pods oven-dried at 39 °C for 2 days resulted in at least a 62% reduction in the time between pollination and sowing of the next plant generation. The plants cultivated from seeds of the oven-dried immature pods showed no defect at any stage of development. Conclusions: Using the speed breeding protocol developed in this study, cowpea breeding cycles can be increased from the traditional one cycle per year in the field to as many as 8 generations per year in regulated growth chamber conditions. This protocol has no special technical requirements; hence, it can be implemented in any standard growth chamber. This would fast-track development, testing, validation, and utilization of improved cowpea cultivars
Synthetic study on core M3 O-mannosyl glycan designed for reconstruction of muscular tissue
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Real-world outcomes of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for heavy menstrual bleeding or dysmenorrhea in Japanese patients: A prospective observational study (J-MIRAI)
Get PDFObjectives: We collected real-world data on the safety and clinical outcomes of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea. Study Design: This was a prospective, multicenter, single-cohort, open-label, post-authorization 12-month follow-up study of Japanese patients initiating the LNG-IUS for heavy menstrual bleeding and/or dysmenorrhea. The primary endpoint was the safety profile based on adverse events and adverse drug reactions (ADRs), including expulsions and abnormal bleeding, within 12 months of LNG-IUS insertion. Secondary endpoints included changes from baseline in menstrual blood loss based on bleeding days and dysmenorrhea graded on a visual analog scale (VAS). Results: Of the 595 patients included, many had underlying conditions such as adenomyosis (39.5%), uterine leiomyoma (30.8%), or endometriosis (12.9%). The incidences of ADRs and serious ADRs were 59.7% and 0.3%, respectively. Frequently reported ADRs were metrorrhagia (48.9%), procedural pain (14.1%), and ovarian cyst (6.2%). The cumulative incidence of expulsions at 12 months was 8.7%. Risk factors for expulsion were obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), adenomyosis, and uterine cavity length ≥8 cm. The median [interquartile range] VAS score for dysmenorrhea improved from 46.5 [13.0–68.0] at insertion to 1.0 [0.0–13.0] at 12 months, and improvements were also observed in chronic pelvic pain and painful defecation. Conclusions: The LNG-IUS safely and effectively reduced dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and painful defecation. Risk factors for expulsion suggest that patients with underlying organic disease should be monitored carefully when using the LNG-IUS. Implications: The LNG-IUS is an effective treatment for secondary dysmenorrhea with organic disease, and for the reduction of chronic pelvic pain; however, physicians should be aware of the increased risk of expulsion in patients with organic conditions
Plasma aldosterone concentration and the survival of dogs with chronic kidney disease
Get PDFThis study investigated plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and evaluated the survival of CKD dogs with high PAC, retrospectively. PAC was measured in blood samples obtained from 145 client-owned dogs. The dogs were divided into two groups: healthy (n = 106) and CKD (n = 39). In the healthy group, median (minimum-maximum) PAC was 56 (10–250) pg/mL and the upper limit (95 percentile) was 182 pg/mL. PAC (median 69 pg/mL; range 10–553 pg/mL) in the CKD group was significantly (P 182 pg/mL) was significantly (P < 0.05) shorter than that (742 ± 509 days) than those (n = 24) with normal PAC. In conclusion, high PAC might indicate a shorter survival time in dogs with CKD. However, further study on PAC level in CKD progression and treatment response in a larger population should be performed
