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Green Energy for Green Economy: The Case Study of Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI)
Get PDFGreen economy is an overarching purpose for sustainable growth and friendly environment. Renewable energy focuses on clean energy and sustainable development targets a continuous growth. Green economy includes both of them. Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) struggles serious problems in terms of economics after showing a remarkable economic growth until mid-2014. The increasing gap between demand and supply is seen another serious problem for KRI. Green energy is one of the essential stage towards to the green economy and it is one of the vital issue to succeed on the way of green economy. Solar energy is one of the fastest growing renewable energy source around the world and KRI has a great potential for solar energy. This study aims to stimulate KRI to invest green energy and encourage it to establish green economy to make its economy robust for the shocks and enable to show a sustainable development
Exploring the Implementation and Opportunities of HDP Program for Class Room Instruction, The Case of Dire Dawa University
Get PDFThe general objective of this study was to assess the implementation and opportunities of HDP program for class room instruction. To realize the study, a descriptive survey research design was used in this study. About 35 HDP Candidates from Dire Dawa University were participated on the study. Questionnaire, classroom observation and interview were used to gather the data. Statistical techniques like percentage, frequency count, mean and one sample t-test was used to analyze the quantitative data. The data gathered through qualitative methods was categorized and analyzed on thematic basis as raised in the objectives and the research questions. The results show that, however HDP program has a great value for the instructors; in improving their professional development, HDP module, mode of delivery and the program by itself need some amendment
Lattice Thermal Conductivity of Wurtzite Bulk and Zinc Blende CdSe Nanowires and Nanoplayer
Get PDFBy using Morelli-Callaway model and some structure dependent parameters, theoretical calculations of LTC for wurtzite Bulk CdSe, zinc blende CdSe nanowire and nanolayer are performed. The theoretical and experimental correlation for CdSe NWs with diameter 41, 52 and 88nm and nanolayer with thickness of 4.3nm are investigated. While, the direction of growth of ZB CdSe is one equation for longitudinal and two different equation for transverse mode are used for calculating acoustic group velocity. Therefore, Morelli-Callaway model splits to three branches. There are six phonon transfer scattering rate, which are umklapp, normal, boundary impurity, dislocation, and phonon-electron scattering rate. In different temperatures, different phonon scattering process appeal. The shape of LTC as a function of temperature has a bell shape that all phonon scattering rate configured this shape. The peak of lattice thermal conductivity shift to higher temperature with decreasing the size of CdSe nanostructure. In summarize, the LTC for a particular temperature depends on the size and crystal structure. At 300K thermal conductivity of WZ bulk CdSe has less value than all ZB CdSe NWs mentioned in this work. Also quantum confinement effect cause mechanical and thermal parameters change with decreasing the size and dimension of CdSe semiconductor
Principals’ Leadership Styles and Strategies Employed to Motivate Teachers in Ronaki Hawler Educational Institutions, Erbil, Iraq
Get PDFEffective management is one of the determining factors that play a critical role in teacher motivation. It is also the main factor behind a successful educational institution. Moreover, effective management is necessary to motivate people into action and propel an institution to reach its established objectives. In an educational institution, where managerial structure fails to function well, teachers obviously lose their motivation to teach as well as their commitment to the organization. Therefore, administrators’ leadership styles can affect teacher motivation which will eventually affect learners’ performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the administrators’ leadership styles, their awareness of teacher motivation peculiarities and strategies they use to motivate the teaching staff at Ronaki Educational Institutions in Erbil, Iraq. It further aims to investigate what makes an effective administrator. To achieve the research goal, the study firstly uses the theoretical analysis of the scientific and methodological literature on the research problem and makes use of a semi-structured interview with Ronaki Hawler Educational Institutions’ administrators. In the interview with 24 administrators, the information on organizational practices and their frequencies, employed by administrators, was obtained. It included elements such as; whether/how often advancement opportunities, promotion, autonomy, bonuses were granted to the teaching staff, what sort of responsibility they possessed, how their recognition as teachers was expressed, and how secure they felt their jobs were. The findings were analyzed and discussed in the discussion part of this research study
Citizenship Education at High-Schools in Australia: New South Wales
Get PDFThe citizenship education programs in Australian as a multicultural society has been reviewed for nearly two decades and both major parties in the Commonwealth Parliament are intended to support this progress in the citizenship education. They also allocated funding for curriculum materials and professional development for teachers and educators. In recent years, both commonwealth and New South Wales (NSW) government have tried in making civic and citizenship curriculum as an educational priority in Australia. In this process teachers and educators have occupied a vital role in promoting of student’s knowledge, skill and understanding of civic values, as they are responsible to the way of how and what they have to teach students from different backgrounds and cultures. This paper investigates the role of citizenship education programs in NWSs’ high-schools in encouraging new generation to collaborate with each other in the multicultural society as good citizens as well as to explain how teachers and educators in high-schools play a central role to educate students from different backgrounds and cultures. The significance of citizenship education is that improve young student’s participation in political and civic life, and a developing body of evidence demonstrate that citizenship education can really have an influence on new generation’s participation in the society
Spectrophotometric Study and Analytical Applications of Iron (III)-Chelate System with (Mordant Blue-9) Reagent in Aqueous Solution
Get PDFThe reagent 6-(5-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-sulfophenylazo)-5-hydroxy-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid (Mordant blue – 9) is proposed as a spectrophotometric reagent for the determination of trace amounts of iron (III). The proposed chromogenic reagent is sensitive and reacts with iron to form a stable brown 1:2 (Fe (III) – reagent) complex at pH 3.75, Kst = 9.824*109 L2.mol-2. The apparent molar absorptivity of this complex was 16000 l .mol -1 cm-1 at 650 nm in aqueous solutions. Beer's law is obeyed with the range of 6 – 75 μg /25 ml i.e 0.24 – 3 ppm. The reagent is relatively selective for iron III. The importance of this work arises from that it allows quantification and determination of Iron without initial expensive and fatigue separation or extraction procedure. Different analytical validations were determined (accuracy, precision, recovery, stability of the complex, study of interferences, etc.) to demonstrate the suitability of this work for the routine quality control labs. The aim of this work was to determine iron III in aqueous solution specrtophotometrically employing mordant blue-9 reagent. The developed method was applied for the determination of Fe III in urine samples. The results agree with AAS with RSD (±0.74 - ±2.64)
Role of Pre-existing Settlements in the Urban Expansion of Erbil
Get PDFAccording to its approved master plan, Erbil city extends in multiple directions and overlaps with some pre-existing settlements. The role of each pre-existing settlement in urban expansion remains unknown. This study utilizes a gravitational model, which assumes the existence of forces of attraction between any two proximate urban settlements. This drawing force attracted a variety of land uses of pre-existing settlements around Erbil city. The variables of gravitational force in this study are initial population size and distance of each pre-existing settlement to the core of Erbil. The gravitational force represented by the magnitude of the urban expansion is measured by the continuously changing area covered by the urban land uses throughout a studied period from 2007–2016. Satellite images were used to depict the difference between the size of settlements before and after expansion. Computer programs were used to draw and measure urban expansion and determine its relationship to initial population size and distance to the core. This study finds that initial population size is a significant factor, but distance to the core has no correlation to the degree of urban expansion close to the studied settlements. The findings of this study will extend the knowledge about the urban expansion of Erbil and open door for further related studies
International Career Development in Education: What Teachers Bring Home
Get PDFWorking abroad helps teachers have a global perspective and enable them to become aware of global affairs. Teachers with international experience stands a better chance for professional and personal development. They not only enhance their teaching skills but also become more social. The skills they develop while working abroad make a difference in the lives of their students. Through transferring what they have learnt abroad to their home country, they can enhance the success of their students. This article presents the reasons why teachers need international experience and what changes they bring home
Teaching Abroad: Why Teachers Prefer Teaching Overseas
Get PDFTeaching overseas has always been a great opprotunity for academic and social development. Teachers who have international experiences stand a better chance of not only developing their teaching skills, communication skills and classroom management but also learning new languages and about other cultures. Teaching abroad can help teachers promote their skills for efficiency and effectiveness. It is important to stress that teachers with international experience can teach effectively and can contribute to the achievement of their students more. This paper focuses on five reasons why teachers prefer teaching overseas
The Cumulative Effects of Stinging Nettle Plant Extract (Urtica pilulifera) on Some Biological Aspects of Mosquito (Culex pipiens L.)
Get PDFThe present study was conducted in Duhok city to evaluate the cumulative biological effects of aqueous extract for (Urtica pilulifera) which is widely abundant in Iraqi Kurdistan region against the mosquito (Culex pipiens L.) using different concentrations (4- 16 mg/ml) on all immature stages of mosquito. The cumulative effect of the Plant extract significantly affected the hatchability of eggs, mortality rate and elongation the duration of the larvae and pupae of C. pipiens. The eggs mortality was concentration dependent. The highest incubation period of eggs was found to be 5 days at a concentration of 16 mg/ml. Also the total growth period from the egg to adult reached 21.5 days with the concentration 12 mg /ml. The adult emergence and the most vital biological activities of the emerging females including fecundity (fertility) were obviously affected. Complete emergence inhibition (100%) was recorded at concentrations 14 &16mg/ml while the lowest rate (6.48%) was with a concentration of 4 mg /ml. The highest rate of adult emergence was recorded at the concentration 4mg/ml which was 93.52% while the lowest adult emergence rate was recorded at the concentration 14 mg/ml which was 0%.The preoviposition period of the females which developed from the treated eggs was tested, and it was found that at the concentrations 12 & 14 mg/ml the females were sterile. Female fecundity was significantly decreased at all concentrations above 4 mg/ml. The lowest and highest mean scores of deposited eggs were 32% and 58.39% at concentrations of 8 & 4 mg/ml, respectively. The percentage of egg hatching was extremely reduced at all concentrations compared with control group. It was found that the plant extract caused morphological deformations in different developmental stages