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Immunogenic peptides from Pap31 and SCS-? of Bartonella bacilliformis: One step closer to a rapid diagnostic tool for Carrion’s disease
No full textThe study was supported by the Programa Nacional de Innovaci?n para la Competitividad y Productividad (Inn?vate Per?), under the contract 117-PNICP-PIAP-2015. J.R. had a fellowship from the program I3, of the ISCIII [grant number: CES11/012]. C.G. had a PhD fellowship of the ISCIII [FI12/00561] and was recipient of a Canon Foundation Fellowship and a Small Grant from the Royal Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene [grant reference 000584]. MJP had a postdoctoral fellowship from CONCYTEC/FONDECYT [grant number: CG05-2013-FONDECYT].Bartonella bacilliformis is the causal agent of Carrion’s disease, an overlooked illness endemic in the Andean Mountains with Peru being the most affected country. The diagnostic of this illness is a challenge due to the limited resources and the common symptomatology with other infectious diseases. The goal of this study was to identify immunogenic peptides from Pap31 and succinyl-CoA synthetase ? (SCS-?) of B. bacilliformis that might be suitable for developing a serologic tool. The immunodominant character of Pap31 and SCS-? was determined byWestern blotting and in-silico analysis. Subsequently, 35 peptides were selected for epitope mapping and their immunoreactivity was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 30 sera were tested including pre-exposed people with high IgM levels for Pap31/SCS-? (23 sera), patients (2 sera) as well as 5 sera with no reactivity to Pap31/SCS-?. The results indicate that Pap31-8 (187QAIGSAILKGTKDTGT202) and SCS-?-12 (59IFASVAEGKEKTGANA74) are the most immunogenic peptides, with Pap31-8 showing potential to discriminate between B. bacilliformis and the remaining Bartonella spp., and SCS-?-12 differentiating Bartonella spp. from other microorganisms. © 2021 by the authors.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Interaction with the Titicaca National Reserve and perception of the environmental problem [Interacción con la Reserva Nacional del Titicaca y percepción de la problemática ambiental]
No full textLos autores agradecen al personal del Servicio Nacional de ?reas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado ? SERNANP - de la Reserva Nacional del Titicaca, y al equipo que realiz? el trabajo de campo. Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Convenio de Subvenci?n N?200-2015 FONDECYT entre la UNALM y CON- CYTEC.This study investigates the differences in the interaction and perception of the environmental problems in the Titicaca National Reserve between households in the rural and urban areas of its buffer-zone. We conducted semi-structured interviews and surveys and a test of difference. Results show significant differences in the socioeconomic profile of the households. Rural interaction is associated with the use of the resources as a source of food and livestock, while in the urban area it is associated to recreation. The pollution of the lake was the main environmental problem identified. However, rural households perceive the overexploitation of natural resources. © 2021Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico - Fondecy
Preliminary protocol development of a hplc-tbars-evsc (Ex vivo stratum corneum) assay for skin research: Application in a sunscreen system
Get PDFThis research was funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), grant numbers 2016/24360-4 and 2019/16169-0; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), process 305250/2019-1; CONCYTEC-FONDECYT, process E041-01 (Contract number 123-2018-FONDECYT-BM-IADT/AV); and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil (CAPES) Finance Code 001.Considering the importance of the cutaneous tissue investigation and the need for the development of new protocols to non-invasively establish the safety and efficacy of dermocosmetics and topical products, we aimed at developing an HPLC-TBARS-EVSC (high performance liquid chromatography–thiobarbituric acid reactive species–ex vivo stratum corneum) assay for the lipid peroxidation measurement on subjects’ stratum corneum (SC) obtained by tape stripping; additionally, we applied the HPLC-TBARS-EVSC assay in an emulsified sunscreen system containing ethylhexyl triazone and bemotrizinol as UV filters. HPLC analysis was performed in isocratic mode with 35% methanol/65% phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) as the mobile phase. The diode detector was set at 532 nm to quantify the malondialdehyde (MDA)-TBA adduct. An ex vivo tape stripping method was applied in 10 volunteers in three pre-defined regions of the volar forearms: the control; the irradiated; and the site containing the sunscreen (2.0 mg·cm−2). Ten adhesive tapes per region were used for SC removal. An exclusive ex vivo protocol to measure SC lipid peroxidation was preliminarily developed with linearity and selectivity. The protocol suggested the use of an artificial irradiation dose (5506 KJ·m−2) to improve the assay response from the SC. The sunscreen system had a significative decrease in SC lipoperoxidative damage compared to the control. Our protocol can aid in the efficacy establishment of anti-UV and antioxidant agents, for instance, in studies that aim at elucidating the level of SC lipid peroxidation and even in carrying out baseline investigations characterizing different ethnicities and genders.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Role of Oxygen Vacancy Sites on the Temperature-Dependent Photoluminescence of SnO2Nanowires
No full textThis work was supported by the National Research Foundation of President Post-doctoral fellowship Program (NRF-2013R1A6A3A060443). L. De Los Santos Valladares thanks the Incorporacion de Investigadores Program from the CONCYTEC - World Bank - UNMSM (Contrat No. 12 -2019 - FONDECYT - BM - INC. INV.) for supporting his research at the University of San Marcos, Peru.The role of oxygen vacancies in temperature-dependent photoluminescence of SnO2 nanowires was investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Two types of oxygen vacancies are present in the nanowires: at out-of-plane sites and at in-plane sites; both play crucial roles in the temperature dependence of the photoluminescence. Oxygen vacancies at in-plane sites participate in photon emission at low temperature, whereas those at out-of-plane sites result in photoluminescence at room temperature. Accordingly, the luminescence color changes from orange (630 nm, 1.93 eV) to green (515 nm, 2.4 eV) at 100 K. The color change is accompanied with a notable change in the oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectra. The scanning transmission X-ray microscopy results indicate that more oxygen vacancies at in-plane sites are present in the surface region than in the bulk region, whereas more oxygen vacancies at out-of-plane sites are present in the bulk region than in the surface region. Overall, the results demonstrate that oxygen-vacancy-mediated fluorescence properties of SnO2 nanowires are temperature-dependent; i.e., the photoluminescence mechanisms of the nanowires are mediated by oxygen vacancies at different sites, and the bicolor fluorescence originates from charge transfer between the states. © 2021 American Chemical Society.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Species-level ichthyoplankton dynamics for 97 fishes in two major river basins of the Amazon using quantitative metabarcoding
No full textThe two years of larvae collection in the Marañón and Ucayali rivers were financed by the Concejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONCYTEC) of Peru, who through the Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica (FONDECYT), project 088-2014-FONDECYT-DE. The LMI EDIA and UMR DIADE financed the metabarcoding analyses. The authors acknowledge the IRD itrop HPC (South Green Platform) at IRD Montpellier for providing HPC resources that contributed to the research results reported within this paper ( https://bioinfo.ird.fr/ - http://www.southgreen.fr ). We are also grateful to Domingo García for his assistance during field work. We are also grateful to Juan José Palacios Vega (IIAP) for the elaboration of Figure 1 .The Amazon basin holds the world's largest freshwater fish diversity. Information on the intensity and timing of reproductive ecology of Amazonian fish is scant. We use a metabarcoding method by capture using a single probe to quantify species-level ichthyoplankton dynamics. We sampled the Marañón and the Ucayali rivers in Peru monthly for 2 years. We identified 97 species that spawned mainly during the flood start, the flood end or the receding periods, although some species had spawning activity in more than one period. This information was new for 40 of the species in the Amazon basin and 80 species in Peru. Most species ceased spawning for a month during a strong hydrological anomaly in January 2016, demonstrating the rapidity with which they react to environmental modifications during the breeding season. We also document another unreported event in the Amazon basin, the inverse phenology of species belonging to one genus (Triportheus). Overall larval flow in the Marañón was more than twice that of the Ucayali, including for most commercial species (between two and 20 times higher), whereas the Ucayali accounts for ~80% of the fisheries landings in the region. Our results are discussed in the light of the main anthropogenic threats to fishes, hydropower dam construction and the Hidrovía Amazónica, and should serve as a pre-impact baseline. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons LtdConsejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Structural modification on potato tissue and starch using ethanol pre-treatment and drying process
No full textThe authors are grateful to the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil) for funding the project n? 2019/05043-6; this study was financed in part by the ?Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - Brazil (CAPES)? ? for the JS Guedes (88882.378356/2019-01) and KC Santos (88882.378385/2019-01) M.Sc. scholarships; to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil) for the JS Guedes M.Sc. scholarship (131235/2020-6) and the productivity grant of PED Augusto (306557/2017-7); and to the Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica (FONDECYT, Peru) from the ?Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica? (CONCYTEC, Peru) for funding the project n° 409-2019-FONDECYT.This work evaluated ethanol as a pre-treatment to the convective drying of potatoes, focused on obtaining their starch. Potato slices were treated by immersion in ethanol for up to 30 min and then dried by convection (40 °C, 1 m/s). Different treatments were conducted to evaluate the effect of pre-treatment with ethanol and/or drying on the potato tissue and starch structure and properties. Potato microstructure, rehydration capacity, and drying kinetics were evaluated. After pre-treatment, drying, and rehydration, the starch was extracted and evaluated in relation to both structure and properties. Ethanol pre-treatment promoted structural changes on potato tissues and cells: the cells became withered, with thinner walls, lose turgidity, and changed the initial shape becoming more distorted and compacted. These permanent structural modifications impacted the subsequent mass transfer: the drying time was reduced in ?56%, and the initial rehydration rate increased ?25%. There were no changes in the starch molecular profile and only minor imperfections in the surface of the granules. The starch pasting and gel properties were only slightly altered by the drying process. In conclusion, drying and its pre-treatment with ethanol can be a simple technology for preserving potatoes focused on starch extraction. © 2021 Elsevier LtdConsejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Libros & Ciencias: Revista de divulgación científica (N° 3 - Diciembre 2021)
No full textComunica al público no especializado temas científicos y tecnológicos que despiertan el interés actual. Este tercer número se enfoca en la Revolución 4.0, también llamada «cuarta revolución industrial», marcada por la convergencia de tecnologías digitales, físicas y biológicas que anticipan una transformación radical del mundo tal y como lo conocemos. Ya en 2016, el economista y empresario alemán Klaus Schwab, en su libro La cuarta revolución industrial, advertía que «estamos al borde de una revolución tecnológica que modificará fundamentalmente la forma en que vivimos, trabajamos y nos relacionamos. En su escala, alcance y complejidad, la transformación será distinta a cualquier cosa que el género humano haya experimentado antes». Con este número se busca dar a conocer estas nuevas tecnologías que repercutirán de diversos modos en nuestra forma de vida
Efecto del germinado sobre las características nutricionales,propiedades bioactivas y funcionales de basul (Erythrina edulis)
No full textEl objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de las diferentes condiciones de germinado sobre los valores nutricionales, los compuestos fenólicos totales, la actividad antioxidante y las propiedades funcionales en las semillas de basul.Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico - Fondecy
Optimización de rutas de dos niveles mediante un modelo integrado de localización y ruteo: aplicación en la logística urbana
No full textLa creciente demanda de los sistemas de distribución, ahora amplificada por la crisis de salud Covid-19, por parte de las economías urbanas, ha derivado en un aumento sustancial de las externalidades negativas como las emisiones contaminantes y la congestión. Esto plantea la necesidad de implementar sistemas más ecológicos para minimizar el impacto negativo sobre el medio ambiente y el bienestar social. Se propuso un modelo de programación de enteros puro (PILP) para el problema de localización-ruteo de dos niveles para entrega y colecta simultáneas con consideraciones ambientales (2E-LRPSPD-E), desde el enfoque de la logística urbana. Se obtuvo un modelo respetuoso del medio ambiente, que considera la carga y la distancia por carreta para estimar y minimizar las emisiones de di oxido de carbono (CO2).Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico - Fondecy
Directiva Alicia 2020, Guía Alicia 2.0 y su aplicación para la gestión de repositorios institucionales
No full textPresenta la directiva y las directrices para repositorios institucionales de la Red Nacional de Repositorios Digitales de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Acceso Abierto (RENARE) - Guía ALICIA 2.0. Aborda tantos los aspectos de políticas y gestión, así como como temas técnicos respecto a los nuevos elementos considerados en esta versión