Repositorio institucional - Concytec
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Proyecto Concytec - Banco Mundial, Mejoramiento y Ampliación de los Servicios del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica (SINACYT): plataformas digitales
No full textExpone las plataformas desarrolladas en el marco del Proyecto Mejoramiento y Ampliación de los Servicios del Sistema Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica (SINACYT).Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Minimizing organic waste generated by pineapple crown: A simple process to obtain cellulose for the preparation of recyclable containers
No full textIn this study, cellulose was obtained from the residues of pineapple crown by means of simple acid pretreatment and subsequent alkaline treatment. The pretreatment consisted of washing, drying, and chopping with high shear at pH = 5 under heating. The content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the pineapple crown was determined by chemical methods. The cellulose obtained was compared with commercial cellulose by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XDR). Thus, from the obtained fiber cellulose, a food container was prepared, and its physical-mechanical properties were determined. Then, after alkali treatment, the purity of cellulose was 84.7% from the pineapple crown (56.0%) and was compared with commercial cellulose (95%). FTIR results confirmed the removal of the non-cellulosic compounds after alkali treatment. The maximum pyrolysis temperature increased to 356?C, higher than the original fiber (322?C), indicating greater thermal stability after chemical treatment. Furthermore, the crystallinity increased to 68% with respect to the original fiber (27%). The physical properties of the container showed a decrease in the parameters in wet 95% RH, as expected, thus facilitating its reuse. These results indicate that the pineapple crown cellulose can be obtained with significant purity, from a single chemical treatment. In addition, this polymorphous cellulose can be used to make ecofriendly reusable food containers. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Violence Detection and Localization in Surveillance Video
No full textAutomatic violence detection in video surveillance is crucial for social and personal security. Due to the massive video data produced by surveillance cameras installed in different environments like airports, trains, stadiums, schools, etc., traditional video monitoring by humans operators becomes inefficient. In this context, develop systems capable of detect automatically violent actions is a challenging task. This study describes a method to detect and localize violent acts in video surveillance using dynamic images, CNN's, and weakly supervised localization methods. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach when applied to three public benchmark datasets: Hockey Fight [1], Violent Flows [2], and UCFCrime2Loca1 [3]. © 2020 IEEE.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Terahertz Time-domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) for classification of blueberries according to their maturity
No full textNon-destructive determination of blueberry compound using spectral detection method is still a challenge due to the spectral THZ variation caused by abundant biological variations, such as geographic origins and harvest seasons. In order to investigate the potential of Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to classify fruit maturity states, terahertz spectra (0.5-10 THz) of 4 states of blueberry maturity were examined. The acquired data matrices were submitted to the application of MATLAB 2019b Classification Learner by using 24 classifier models. 84.3 is the highest accuracy, obtained by the Fine Gaussian SVM Algorithm Model with a 0.35 Kernel Scale and a Multiclass Method One vs One. The coefficients for this application of PCA are PC1 (79.9%) and PC2 (20.1%). It was concluded that the combined processing and classification of images obtained from Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and using Machine learning algorithms can be used to classify the different maturity states of blueberries. © 2020 IEEE.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Real-Time Detection Method of Persistent Objects in Radar Imagery with Deep Learning
No full textPersistent object detection in radar imagery becomes harder if the results are expected before the next image arrives to the digitizer card. This requires a clear commitment between the hit rate, the false contact rate and a time restriction in order to get real-Time results taking one full revolution of the radar as the basic unit. The conventional algorithms use CFAR techniques and obtain acceptable results, but with a high false contact rate, especially in near-shore radar imagery, which contain ground clutter portions of the images. This work presents the first results of the analysis to the solutions to this problem by applying Deep Learning. This research proposes the use of convolutional neural networks Faster R-CNN on radar imagery. The developed methods are applied using a methodology. The purpose of this research is to provide methods and techniques to improve the detection of persistent objects, thus having a positive impact in the maritime control and surveillance operations. © 2020 IEEE.Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico - Fondecy
The history of cacao and its diseases in the Americas
No full textCacao is a commodity crop from the tropics cultivated by about 6 million smallholder farmers. The tree, Theobroma cacao, originated in the Upper Amazon where it was domesticated ca. 5450 to 5300 B.P. From this center of origin, cacao was dispersed and cultivated in Mesoamerica as early as 3800 to 3000 B.P. After the European conquest of the Americas (the 1500s), cacao cultivation intensified in several loci, primarily Mesoamerica, Trinidad, Venezuela, and Ecuador. It was during the colonial period that cacao diseases began emerging as threats to production. One early example is the collapse of the cacao industry in Trinidad in the 1720s, attributed to an unknown disease referred to as the “blast”. Trinidad would resurface as a production center due to the discovery of the Trinitario genetic group, which is still widely used in breeding programs around the world. However, a resurgence of diseases like frosty pod rot during the republican period (the late 1800s and early 1900s) had profound impacts on other centers of Latin American production, especially in Venezuela and Ecuador, shifting the focus of cacao production southward, to Bahia, Brazil. Production in Bahia was, in turn, dramatically curtailed by the introduction of witches’ broom disease in the late 1980s. Today, most of the world’s cacao production occurs in West Africa and parts of Asia, where the primary Latin American diseases have not yet spread. In this review, we discuss the history of cacao cultivation in the Americas and how that history has been shaped by the emergence of diseases. © 2020 The American Phytopathological Society.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Design and experimental implementation of a PID-IMC Controller for a VCRS
No full textThis paper presents a methodology for the design and the implementation of a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) using IMC (Internal Model Control) tuning method by means of experiments performed on organic banana. In this work, the parameters of the linear and nonlinear model of a cooling chamber for fruits are identified. Simulation studies and implementation of the PID-IMC closed-loop control system demonstrate that energy saving were obtained of the order of 20% with respect to the entire system. © 2020 IEEE.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Plant microbiota modified by plant domestication
No full textHuman life became largely dependent on agricultural products after distinct crop-domestication events occurred around 10,000 years ago in different geographical sites. Domestication selected suitable plants for human agricultural practices with unexpected consequences on plant microbiota, which has notable effects on plant growth and health. Among other traits, domestication has changed root architecture, exudation, or defense responses that could have modified plant microbiota. Here we present the comparison of reported data on the microbiota from widely consumed cereals and legumes and their ancestors showing that different bacteria were found in domesticated and wild plant microbiomes in some cases. Considering the large variability in plant microbiota, adequate sampling efforts and function-based approaches are needed to further support differences between the microbiota from wild and domesticated plants. The study of wild plant microbiomes could provide a valuable resource of unexploited beneficial bacteria for crops. © 2020 Elsevier GmbHConsejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
Dataset of de novo assembly and functional annotation of the transcriptomes of three native oleaginous microalgae from the Peruvian Amazon
No full textMicroalgae are photosynthetic organisms with cosmopolitan distribution (i.e., marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats) and possess a great diversity of species [1] and consequently an immense variation in biochemical compositions [2]. To date genomic information is available mainly from the model green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [3]. Here we provide the dataset of a de novo assembly and functional annotation of the transcriptomes of three native oleaginous microalgae from the Peruvian Amazon. Native oleaginous microalgae species Ankistrodesmus sp., Chlorella sp., and Scenedesmus sp. were cultured in triplicate using Chu-10 medium with or without a source of nitrate (NaNO3). Total RNA was purified, the cDNA libraries were constructed and sequenced as paired-end reads on an Illumina HiSeq™2500 platform. Transcriptomes were de novo assembled using Trinity v2.9.1. A total of 48,554 transcripts (range from 250 to 7966 bp; N50 = 1047) for Ankistrodesmus sp., 108,126 transcripts (range from 250 to 8160 bp; N50 = 1090) for Chlorella sp., and 77,689 transcripts (range from 250 to 8481 bp; N50 = 1281) for Scenedesmus sp. were de novo assembled. Completeness of the assembled transcriptomes were evaluated with the Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) software v2/v3. Functional annotation of the assembled transcriptomes was conducted with TransDecoder v3.0.1 and the web-based platforms Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Automatic Annotation Server (KAAS) and FunctionAnnotator. The raw reads were deposited into NCBI and are accessible via BioProject accession number PRJNA628966 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA628966) and Sequence Read Archive (SRA) with accession numbers: SRX8295665 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/SRX8295665), SRX8295666 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/SRX8295666), SRX8295667 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/SRX8295667), SRX8295668 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/SRX8295668), SRX8295669 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/SRX8295669), and SRX8295670 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/SRX8295670). Additionally, transcriptome shotgun assembly sequences and functional annotations are available via Discover Mendeley Data (https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/47wdjmw9xr/1). © 2020 The Author(s)Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
OAUNI astronomical photometry: Stellar variability of FO Aqr on 2016 low state
No full textThis work reports a photometric monitoring of the intermediate polar cataclysmic variable star FO Aqr. This is part of the ongoing OAUNI stellar variability program. Around 1200 individual measurements (or ? 9 hrs of observations) were gathered distributed in five nights. The observation epoch was coincident with the 2016 low state brightness of FO Aqr. Good quality light curves detect unambiguously the expected stellar variability of FO Aqr. The analysis using periodograms let to determine the main two known periods, P1 = 20.380 ± .003 min and P2 = 11.076 ± .001 min. Our full five-nights analysis shows that P1, the spin white dwarf period, is more prominent than P2, the one-half of the beat period between the spin and orbital periods. Nevertheless, individual light curves show than, at least in one case, a reverse pattern is found. It suggests a dependence of the beat period with the orbital phase of the system with important variations at the same phase interval.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte