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Experimental investigation of zinc sodium borate glass systems containing barium oxide for gamma radiation shielding applications
No full textSodium zinc borate glasses doped with dysprosium and modified with different concentrations of
barium oxide (0e50 mol %) were fabricated using the melting quenching technique. The structural
properties of the prepared glass systems were characterized using XRD and FTIR methods. The absorption
spectra of the prepared glasses were measured to determine their energy gap and their related
optical properties. The density of the glasses and other physical parameters were also reported. Additionally,
with the help of Photon Shielding and Dosimetry (PSD) software, we investigated the radiation
shielding parameters of the prepared glass systems at different energy values. It was found that an increase
in the density of the glasses by increasing the concentration of BaO significantly improved the
gamma ray shielding ability of the samples. For practical results, a compatible irradiation set up was
designed to check the shielding capability of the obtained glasses using a gamma ray source at 662 keV.
The experimentally obtained results strongly agreed with the data obtained by PDS software at the same
energy. These results demonstrated that the investigated glass system is a good candidate for several
radiation shielding applications when comparing it with other commercial shielding glasses and
concretes.Sodium zinc borate glasses doped with dysprosium and modified with different concentrations of
barium oxide (0e50 mol %) were fabricated using the melting quenching technique. The structural
properties of the prepared glass systems were characterized using XRD and FTIR methods. The absorption
spectra of the prepared glasses were measured to determine their energy gap and their related
optical properties. The density of the glasses and other physical parameters were also reported. Additionally,
with the help of Photon Shielding and Dosimetry (PSD) software, we investigated the radiation
shielding parameters of the prepared glass systems at different energy values. It was found that an increase
in the density of the glasses by increasing the concentration of BaO significantly improved the
gamma ray shielding ability of the samples. For practical results, a compatible irradiation set up was
designed to check the shielding capability of the obtained glasses using a gamma ray source at 662 keV.
The experimentally obtained results strongly agreed with the data obtained by PDS software at the same
energy. These results demonstrated that the investigated glass system is a good candidate for several
radiation shielding applications when comparing it with other commercial shielding glasses and
concretes
A systematic review on prevalence, risk factors, clinical diagnosis and medical management of dry eye disease in the Arab population
No full text"Background: Dry eye (DE) is a multifactorial disorder that can influence tear
production, functional visual acuity and ultimately increase the osmolarity of the tear film.
The prevalence of DE ranges from 7% to 33% across the world. However, to the best of our
knowledge, the prevalence range of DE in Arab countries is not precisely documented in the
literature.
Aim: The aim of this article was to determine the prevalence range of DE, investigate the major
risk factors of DE and identify the clinical diagnosis and medical management of DE.
Method: In this study, only English language articles from 2017 to 2020 were selected. There
were 52 articles on prevalence, risk factors, clinical diagnosis and medical management of DE
in the Arab population.
Results: The prevalence of DE in the Arab population varies in reports, from 10% in the
United Arab Emirates (Dubai) to 69% in Palestine (West Bank). Gender difference (DE more in
women), wearing of contact lenses, diabetes mellitus and glaucoma were all known to intensify
the symptoms of DE. Lastly, there are two approaches to reduce DE in the Arab population,
namely, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods.
Conclusion: The prevalence of DE in the Arab population was relatively high. In addition, the
ocular surface disease index is one of the most common tools for the diagnosis of DE, whilst
tear break-up time test is the common clinical test used in the Arab reports. Lastly, the most
common treatment for DE is artificial tears.""Background: Dry eye (DE) is a multifactorial disorder that can influence tear
production, functional visual acuity and ultimately increase the osmolarity of the tear film.
The prevalence of DE ranges from 7% to 33% across the world. However, to the best of our
knowledge, the prevalence range of DE in Arab countries is not precisely documented in the
literature.
Aim: The aim of this article was to determine the prevalence range of DE, investigate the major
risk factors of DE and identify the clinical diagnosis and medical management of DE.
Method: In this study, only English language articles from 2017 to 2020 were selected. There
were 52 articles on prevalence, risk factors, clinical diagnosis and medical management of DE
in the Arab population.
Results: The prevalence of DE in the Arab population varies in reports, from 10% in the
United Arab Emirates (Dubai) to 69% in Palestine (West Bank). Gender difference (DE more in
women), wearing of contact lenses, diabetes mellitus and glaucoma were all known to intensify
the symptoms of DE. Lastly, there are two approaches to reduce DE in the Arab population,
namely, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic methods.
Conclusion: The prevalence of DE in the Arab population was relatively high. In addition, the
ocular surface disease index is one of the most common tools for the diagnosis of DE, whilst
tear break-up time test is the common clinical test used in the Arab reports. Lastly, the most
common treatment for DE is artificial tears.
إجراءات الأمن و السلامة في الجامعات وإدارة الطوارئ
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the security and safety procedures at the Islamic University of Gaza. Two major areas were focused on: the availability of security and safety procedures at the university and also what particular risks the University faces. The researchers used descriptive and analytical methodologies to study the data collected by a questionnaire in order to assess the status of the laboratories and engineering workshops. The study included 25% of the University's population distributed according to academics, administrators, services department and security department, which included 871 employees. The findings showed that the relative weight in the (safety and security measures) part was 69.09%, the relative weight in the (emergency management efficiency) part was 66.98%, and the relative weight in the (awareness of the threats to employees) part was 61.6%. The relative weight in the (awareness of security and public safety) part was 56.97%. The most important recommendations of the study was: the necessity of working to develop the Islamic University of Gaza’s plan for occupational safety and health procedures for its facilities in order to preserve lives and property. This is in addition to focusing on increasing the degree of awareness of the risks to workers and students, as well as increasing awareness of security and safety measures through holding workshops and training programs. for workers and students on security and safety procedures in emergency situations.هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم إجراءات الأمن والسلامة في الجامعة الإسلامية بغزة، من خلال تحديد مدى توافر إجراءات الأمن والسلامة في الجامعة وتقييم المخاطر التي تتعرض لها. وقد استخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي للبيانات التي تم تجميعها من الاستبانة المحكمة لتقييم الوضع القائم في المختبرات والورش الهندسية، وقد شملت الدراسة 25% من مجتمع الدراسة موزعة طبقياً من الأكاديميين والإداريين وقسم الخدمات وقسم الأمن، بحيث بلغ عدد مجتمع الدراسة 871 موظفاً. وأظهرت النتائج أن الوزن النسبي في محور (توافر إجراءات الأمن والسلامة) بلغ ""69.09%""، وبلغ الوزن النسبي في محور (كفاءة إدارة الطوارئ) ""66.98%""، كذلك بلغ الوزن النسبي في محور (الوعي بالمخاطر التي تهدد العاملين) ""61.99%""، وبلغ الوزن النسبي في محور (الوعي بإجراءات الأمن والسلامة العامة) ""56.97%"". وكانت أهم توصيات الدراسة: ضرورة العمل على تطوير خطة الجامعة الإسلامية بغزة الخاصة بإجراءات السلامة والصحة المهنية لمرافقها، وذلك للحفاظ على الأرواح والممتلكات. وأيضاً التركيز على زيادة درجة الوعي بالمخاطر التي تهدد العاملين والطلبة، وكذلك زيادة الوعي بإجراءات الأمن والسلامة من خلال عقد ورش العمل و الدورات التدريبية. بالإضافة إلى تفعيل برامج تدريب العاملين والطلبة على إجراءات الأمن والسلامة في حالات الطوارئ
تصور طلاب البكالوريوس في التمريض والقبالة الفلسطينيين حول القيم المهنية: دراسة مقطعية
No full textBackground: Professional values provide a context for appraising beliefs and attitudes that guide behaviors and considered as standards for acceptable actions by professionals toward providing safe patient care. Aim: This study aimed to assess professional values among Palestinian undergraduate nursing and midwifery students and examine the relationship between students’ demographics and professional values. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. A convenient sample of 370 undergraduate nursing and midwifery students from the Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine completed an electronic version of the revised nursing professional values scale, which consists of 26 items covering five domains (caring, trust, justice, activism and professionalism). Results: Age of participants ranged between 18 and 36 years with a mean of 21.1 years. The majority of them were females (60.7%), regular students (87.3%), were enrolled in the nursing program (95.4%). The top caring statement rated by the participants was “Maintain confidentiality of patient” (4.41) while the statement “Protect rights of participants in research” received the lowest score (3.62). The mean total scores of the domains of revised nursing professional values scale ranged between 3.610 for the “professionalism” domain and 4.133 for the “justice” domain. The variables related to age, gender, grades cumulative average, study year did not impact the scores of the revised nursing professional values scale or its domains. Conclusion: This study found that professional values were relatively high among Palestinian nursing and midwifery students. Justice and caring domains were rated highest by participants, while activism and professionalism domains were rated low. These results should alert nursing educators to their roles in improving these values among nursing and midwifery students. This could be approached by empowering, role modeling and engagement of students in more activities to enhance these values.Background: Professional values provide a context for appraising beliefs and attitudes that guide behaviors and considered as standards for acceptable actions by professionals toward providing safe patient care. Aim: This study aimed to assess professional values among Palestinian undergraduate nursing and midwifery students and examine the relationship between students’ demographics and professional values. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. A convenient sample of 370 undergraduate nursing and midwifery students from the Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine completed an electronic version of the revised nursing professional values scale, which consists of 26 items covering five domains (caring, trust, justice, activism and professionalism). Results: Age of participants ranged between 18 and 36 years with a mean of 21.1 years. The majority of them were females (60.7%), regular students (87.3%), were enrolled in the nursing program (95.4%). The top caring statement rated by the participants was “Maintain confidentiality of patient” (4.41) while the statement “Protect rights of participants in research” received the lowest score (3.62). The mean total scores of the domains of revised nursing professional values scale ranged between 3.610 for the “professionalism” domain and 4.133 for the “justice” domain. The variables related to age, gender, grades cumulative average, study year did not impact the scores of the revised nursing professional values scale or its domains. Conclusion: This study found that professional values were relatively high among Palestinian nursing and midwifery students. Justice and caring domains were rated highest by participants, while activism and professionalism domains were rated low. These results should alert nursing educators to their roles in improving these values among nursing and midwifery students. This could be approached by empowering, role modeling and engagement of students in more activities to enhance these values
إدارة الطوارئ لتلافي انتشار جائحة كوفيد -19 في قطاع غزة
No full textGaza Strip is exposed to the danger of the novel coronavirus pandemic ""nCOVID-19"" spread, which exacerbates the crises severity on this besieged area since 2007. This study aims to identify the preventive actions during the action effectiveness implemented by the Central Emergency Committee and the Ministry of Health to reduce the coronavirus spread in Gaza Strip. The researchers have followed the descriptive and the analytical methodology of the purposive sample responses data from the preventive medicine workers, the security team, and the members of the Central Emergency Committee.
The most important results of the study showed that targeted peoples have been reexamined several times to ensure that they are recovered from the disease with an average of 81.0%. The reliability and accuracy of the detection tests of the coronavirus disease were of an average of 79.33%. In addition, the results demonstrate the existence of a strong correlation between the preventive action taken by the Central Emergency Committee and the effectiveness of the procedures to prevent the coronavirus pandemic. Also, the study shows a statistical significance effect at the level of significance (α≤ 0.05) regarding the prevention procedures from the coronavirus pandemic and the effectiveness of the procedures.قطاع غزة يتعرض لخطر انتشار جائحة فيروس كورونا الجديد ""nCOVID-19"" الذي يفاقم من حدة الأزمات في هذه المنطقة المحاصرة منذ عام 2007. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على الإجراءات الوقائية خلال فعالية الإجراءات التي تنفذها لجنة الطوارئ المركزية و وزارة الصحة للحد من انتشار فيروس كورونا في قطاع غزة. وقد اتبع الباحثون المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي لبيانات استجابات العينة القصدية من العاملين في الطب الوقائي والفريق الأمني وأعضاء لجنة الطوارئ المركزية.
وأظهرت أهم نتائج الدراسة أنه تم إعادة فحص الأشخاص المستهدفين عدة مرات للتأكد من شفائهم من المرض بمتوسط 81.0٪. بلغت موثوقية ودقة اختبارات الكشف عن مرض فيروس كورونا 79.33٪ بالمتوسط. إضافة إلى ذلك ، أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباط قوية بين الإجراء الوقائي الذي اتخذته لجنة الطوارئ المركزية وفعالية الإجراءات للوقاية من جائحة فيروس كورونا. كما أظهرت الدراسة أثر دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α≤ 0.05) فيما يتعلق بإجراءات الوقاية من جائحة فيروس كورونا وفعالية الإجراءات
مركبات الاميدازوبيريدين في علاجات السرطان
No full textChemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses a systemic drug to kill cancer cells wherever it finds in the body. It implements their actions through intervention with molecular mechanisms such as some core regulatory enzymes, molecular processes, or immune-related pathways during cell division and proliferation. Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines (IPs) are nitrogen-based heterocycles that have a wide variety of biological activities. This review highlights the anticancer properties of chemotherapy and the problems facing it as an anticancer therapy, Furthermore, it reviews the available works of literature focused on the potential efficacy of IPs-based compounds in cancer treatment, and discuss the molecular mechanisms driving its anticancer effects; through clarification of the targets associated with cancer. This review also will benefit the research community in the field of anticancer agent discovery by introducing the IPs as novel therapeutic agents. Various In-vitro studies have shown different IPs -based compounds have potential therapeutic effects against different cancer cell lines including; breast, liver, colon, cervical, lung, and kidney cancers. The anticancer effects of these compounds primarily result from their inhibitory effects on different molecular mechanisms including, PI3K/Akt, CENP-E, IGF-1R, CDKs, Tubulin PolymerizationChemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses a systemic drug to kill cancer cells wherever it finds in the body. It implements their actions through intervention with molecular mechanisms such as some core regulatory enzymes, molecular processes, or immune-related pathways during cell division and proliferation. Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines (IPs) are nitrogen-based heterocycles that have a wide variety of biological activities. This review highlights the anticancer properties of chemotherapy and the problems facing it as an anticancer therapy, Furthermore, it reviews the available works of literature focused on the potential efficacy of IPs-based compounds in cancer treatment, and discuss the molecular mechanisms driving its anticancer effects; through clarification of the targets associated with cancer. This review also will benefit the research community in the field of anticancer agent discovery by introducing the IPs as novel therapeutic agents. Various In-vitro studies have shown different IPs -based compounds have potential therapeutic effects against different cancer cell lines including; breast, liver, colon, cervical, lung, and kidney cancers. The anticancer effects of these compounds primarily result from their inhibitory effects on different molecular mechanisms including, PI3K/Akt, CENP-E, IGF-1R, CDKs, Tubulin Polymerizatio
علاقة معلمات قطاع الحديد والزنك والمغنيسيوم مع نوبات الحمى لدى أطفال من مدينة غزة
No full textObjective: To investigate the association between iron profile parameters, Zn, and Mg levels with febrile
seizure (FS) among children in Gaza City.
Materials and Methods: A case-control study, performed on 80 children (6–60 months), 40 with FS and 40
without seizures. Serum ferritin, iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), soluble transferrin receptor, Zn and
Mg were measured, transferrin saturation was calculated, CBC indices and anthropometric measurements were
performed. An approval was obtained from Helsinki committee. SPSS program version 22 was used for all data
analysis.
Results: The mean levels of serum iron, and transferrin saturation among cases were higher significantly
compared to controls (P<0.001). The mean level of TIBC among cases was lower significantly compared to
controls (P<0.001). In addition, the percentage of cases with anemia was 85% compared to 80% for controls
(P = 0.556). In contrast, 12.5% of cases had iron deficiency (ID) compared to 30% in controls respectively
(P>0.05). The mean levels of Mg and hs-CRP were lower among cases compared to controls (P<0.05).
Conclusion: There was no association between ID or decreased serum level of Zn and the presence of FS.
While results showed that Mg may play a role in FS pathogenesis.الملخص بالعرب
Risk assessment for universities and hospitals restaurants in Gaza, Palestine, in 2012
No full textBackground: A cross-sectional analytic method was used to assess health and safety risks that really matter in restaurants of universities and hospitals in the Gaza strip, Palestine.
Materials and methods: A 40-item questionnaire was completed by workers in all university and governmental hospital restaurants in the Gaza strip. Another 30-item questionnaire was completed by university students, in addition to 40 checklists and 40 personal meetings were conducted by the researcher. The collected data were analyzed by the risk score matrix to detect the risk level (low, medium, high, and very high) for each risk factor.
Results: In general, university and hospital restaurants were similar in terms of risk, but the details differed. The results showed that 22.7% of physical and electrical risk factors in universities were at a very high risk level. It was found that 50.0% of cleanliness of the location and equipment risk factors were at a high risk level, and 60.0% of machinery and equipment risk factors were at a moderate risk level. In addition, the most frequently observed risk factor was employees’ and customers’ safety and health. The results on hospital restaurants showed 75% of physical and electrical risk factor and
machinery and equipment risk factor were at a moderate level and high level, respectively.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that hospital and university restaurants are similar in terms of risks and levels of risks. Moreover, restaurant employees, cleaners, organization employees, visitors, university students, and patients in hospitals may be at risk if exposure to hazards. Therefore, the development and implementation of a plan with specific measures to address the identified risks is recommended
