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بيت الجوده: طريقة لتحديد متطلبات تصميم اللاندسكيب
No full textThe level of live, reduction of pollution, positive human health is affected by the quality of landscape. In addition, many benefits like aesthetic, psychological, and social can be achieved. The quality of land scape is integrated with the individual’s needs. The scope of landscape must be determined according to user needs and planning methods.
The main purpose is to propose a HOQ model to identify the landscape design requirements. The Islamic University of Gaza (IUG) was used as a case study. The need to implement the proposed HOQ model has been identified. Also, the male and female students` priorities have been identified, and the weight of campus landscape design elements were extracted.
The male and female IUG students’ needs were identified using a questionnaire survey. The data were analyzed for testing statistical validity and reliability using SPSS. HOQ Model was built using EDRAW Max program.
The most ten important student needs are "cleanliness, praying, feeling safe, feeling comfortable psychic, drinking, spaciousness and breadth, shading, quiet, rest and sitting, and fresh air". Based on these results and needs assessment, the HOQ was constructed. The most important design elements are "group of seats, shrubs, trees, lawns, pergola, and seats chairs or benches".
This study will add to the designer’s knowledge about HOQ application in design, and contributes significantly to consider public participation as a way in collecting the VOC.يتأثر مستوى الحياة ، والحد من التلوث ، و صحة الإنسان الإيجابية بجودة المناظر الطبيعية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، يمكن تحقيق العديد من الفوائد الجمالية والنفسية والاجتماعية. تتكامل جودة اللاند سكيب مع احتياجات الفرد. يجب تحديد نطاق المناظر الطبيعية وفقًا لاحتياجات المستخدم وطرق التخطيط.
الهدف الرئيسي للبحث هو اقتراح نموذج HOQ لتحديد متطلبات تصميم المناظر الطبيعية. تم استخدام الجامعة الإسلامية في غزة (IUG) كدراسة حالة. تم تحديد الحاجة إلى تنفيذ نموذج المقر الرئيسي المقترح. كما تم تحديد أولويات الطلاب والطالبات واستخراج وزن عناصر تصميم المناظر الطبيعية للحرم الجامعي.
تم تحديد احتياجات الطلاب من الذكور والإناث IUG باستخدام الاستبيانة . تم تحليل البيانات لاختبار الصلاحية الإحصائية والموثوقية باستخدام برنامج SPSS. تم بناء نموذج HOQ باستخدام برنامج EDRAW Max.
أهم عشرة احتياجات للطلاب هي "النظافة والصلاة والشعور بالأمان والشعور بالراحة النفسية وتوفرمياه الشرب والرحابة والاتساع والتظليل والهدوء والراحة والجلوس والهواء النقي". بناءً على هذه النتائج وتقييم الاحتياجات ، تم إنشاء النموذج المطلوب HOQ. أهم عناصر التصميم هي "مجموعة المقاعد والشجيرات والأشجار والمروج والمقاعد".
ستضيف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة المصمم حول تطبيق HOQ في التصميم ، وتساهم بشكل كبير في النظر إلى المشاركة العامة كطريقة في جمع المركبات العضوية المتطايرة
دراسة لخوارزميات اختيار الهوائي منخفضة التعقيد من أجل التعديل المكاني المتعامد المؤشر
No full textTransmit antenna selection (TAS) is a practical method to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of
a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. TAS is of particulate importance when spatial modulation (SM) is incorporated.
Signed quadrature spatial modulation (SQSM) is a recently developed index modulation scheme that is based on the same concept of Quadrature Spatial Modulation (QSM) scheme. SQSM has superiority over QSM in term of spectral efficiency and BER performance with a moderate increase in receiver complexity. This paper studies the BER performance of low-complexity transmit antenna selection (LCTAS) on SQSM performance. Three different LCTAS techniques are applied to the SQSM and QSM schemes taking into consideration both the amplitude of the channel gains and correlations between antennas’ gains. The integration of LCTAS schemes with SQSM can significantly enhance the performance when compared to the conventional SM and QSM schemes.عملية اختيار هوائي الإرسال (TAS) هو طريقة عملية لتحسين أداء معدل خطأ البتات (BER) في أنظمة متعددة المدخلات ومخرجات متعددة وخصوصا عندما يتم دمجه بالتعديل المكاني (SM).
يعد التعديل المكاني التربيعي (SQSM) خوارزمية تم تطويرها مؤخرًا لتعديل الأداء ويستند إلى نفس مفهوم مخطط التعديل المكاني التربيعي QSM
يتمتع SQSM بالتفوق على QSM من حيث الكفاءة الطيفية وأداء BER مع زيادة معتدلة في تعقيد المستقبل. تدرس هذه الورقة أداء معدل الخطأ في البتات (BER) لاختيار هوائي الإرسال منخفض التعقيد (LCTAS) على أداء SQSM.
يتم تطبيق ثلاث تقنيات مختلفة من LCTAS على مخططات SQSM و QSM مع مراعاة كل من سعة مكاسب القناة والارتباطات بين مكاسب الهوائيات. يمكن أن يؤدي تكامل مخططات LCTAS مع SQSM إلى تحسين الأداء بشكل كبير بالمقارنة مع مخططات SM و QSM التقليدية
الأطر الخبرية لقضية الاستيطان الإسرائيلي في مواقع الصحف الأمريكية
No full textThis study aims to identify the most important news frames for the issue of Israeli settlement in the websites of American newspapers, and to know the topics of Israeli settlement, which focused on these websites, the most prominent framing mechanisms used and tools, and to reveal the attributes and trends of news frames and trends, and the most important key figures, the frames of the reasons and results.
This study belongs to descriptive researches using content analysison a selected news in the websites of the New York Times and the Washington Post from January 1st, 2015, to December 31th, 2017, there were 365 news about Israeli settlement in the two websites, , 175 in the New York Times & 190 in the Washington Post,
The study found that the frames of the expected results got the first rank of the news frames of the Israeli settlement issue in the websites of the study, then the frames of responsibility, and finally the frames of the proposed solutions, and the Israeli key figures outnumbered the International & Palestinian key figures in the websites of the study and this shows the weakness of the Palestinian presence in this vital issue.تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد أهم الأطر الإخبارية لقضية الاستيطان الإسرائيلي في مواقع الصحف الأمريكية ، ومعرفة موضوعات الاستيطان الإسرائيلي، التي ركزت عليها هذه المواقع، وأبرز آليات وأدوات التأطير المستخدمة، والكشف عن سمات واتجاهات الأطر الخبرية واتجاهاتها، وأهم الشخصيات الرئيسية، وأطر الأسباب والنتائج.
تنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى الأبحاث الوصفية التي تستخدم تحليل محتوى الأخبار المتعلقة بالاستيطان الإسرائيلي في موقعي نيويورك تايمز وواشنطن بوست من 1 يناير 2015 ، وحتى 31 ديسمبر 2017 ، حيث تم تحليل 365 خبرًا عن في الموقعين، 175 في نيويورك تايمز و 190 في واشنطن بوست.
ومن نتائج الدراسة أن أطر النتائج المتوقعة حصلت على المرتبة الأولى من الأطر الإخبارية لقضية الاستيطان الإسرائيلي، تلاها أطر المسؤولية، وأخيراً أطر الحلول المقترحة، وتبين أن الشخصيات الإسرائيلية الرئيسية فاقت عدد الشخصيات الدولية والفلسطينية في المواقع الإلكترونية للدراسة، وهذا يدل على ضعف الوجود الفلسطيني في هذه القضية الحيوية.
Shear Behaviour of RC Beams Strengthened by Various Ultrahigh Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Systems
Get PDFThis study presents a numerical investigation on the shear behaviour of shear-strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams by using various ultrahigh performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) systems. The proposed 3D finite element model (FEM) was verified by comparing its results with those of experimental studies in the literature. The validated numerical model is used to analyse the crucial parameters, which are mainly related to the design of RC beams and shear-strengthened UHPFRC layers, such as the effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on the shear behaviour of the strengthened or nonstrengthened RC beams and the effect of geometry and length of UHPFRC layers. Moreover, the effect of the UHPFRC layers’ reinforcement ratio and strengthening of one longitudinal vertical face on the mechanical performance of RC beams strengthened in shear with UHPFRC layers is investigated. Results of the analysed beams show that the shear span-to-depth ratio significantly affects the shear behaviour of not only the normal-strength RC beams but also the RC beams strengthened with UHPFRC layers. However, the effect of shear span-to-depth ratio has not been considered in existing design code equations. Consequently, this study suggests two formulas to estimate the shear strength of normal-strength RC beams and UHPFRC-strengthened RC beams considering the effect of the shear span-to-depth ratio.This study presents a numerical investigation on the shear behaviour of shear-strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams by using various ultrahigh performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) systems. The proposed 3D finite element model (FEM) was verified by comparing its results with those of experimental studies in the literature. The validated numerical model is used to analyse the crucial parameters, which are mainly related to the design of RC beams and shear-strengthened UHPFRC layers, such as the effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on the shear behaviour of the strengthened or nonstrengthened RC beams and the effect of geometry and length of UHPFRC layers. Moreover, the effect of the UHPFRC layers’ reinforcement ratio and strengthening of one longitudinal vertical face on the mechanical performance of RC beams strengthened in shear with UHPFRC layers is investigated. Results of the analysed beams show that the shear span-to-depth ratio significantly affects the shear behaviour of not only the normal-strength RC beams but also the RC beams strengthened with UHPFRC layers. However, the effect of shear span-to-depth ratio has not been considered in existing design code equations. Consequently, this study suggests two formulas to estimate the shear strength of normal-strength RC beams and UHPFRC-strengthened RC beams considering the effect of the shear span-to-depth ratio
التأثير التآزري المضاد للسرطان للجمع بين ميتفورمين مع مستخلص أوراق الزيتون الخام على خلايا سرطان الثدي MCF-7
No full textBreast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers among women globally. Several in vitro studies have
shown that Metformin and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaf extract have anticancer activity when applied
separately. This study investigates the impact of combining Metformin and olive leaves extract on MCF-
7 cancer cells. Extraction executed with Soxhlet using different solvents. Viability of MCF-7 cells
following treatments were determined using MTT. Combinations were quantified using Chou and
Talalay method. Expressions of TP53, BAD, BAX, CASP8, and Tristetraprolin were quantified using
qPCR. Results show that various combination ratios elicited better antitumor effects on MCF-7 than
singly. qPCR results show that Metformin acts through p53-independent apoptosis whereas Olive Leaf
crude extract may have a different killing mechanism. In conclusion, the study shows for the first time
that combining Olive Leaf extract with Metformin can significantly reduce viability of MCF-7 through a
strong synergistic inhibitory effectالملخص بالعرب
قاعدة الضرر يزال وأثرها في ضمان خطأ الطبيب
No full textDoctors’ mistakes cause damage to the community. The Islamic Sharia necessitates the removal of damage or initially preventing its occurrence. This paper aims at examining the impact of the Islamic rule “Damage should be removed” on securing doctors’ mistakes. To achieve this objective, the author explained the meaning of the rule, its evidences and controls. The study also explained the reality of the mistakes of doctors and their types. The paper then explains the impact of the Islamic rule “Damage should be removed” on securing doctors’ mistakes. In this regard, the study implemented the analytical inductive methodology through tracing scholars’ literature related to the rule of “damage should be removed”. This has been followed by explaining the Islamic rulings on the resulting main and secondary issues related to the mistakes of doctors. The paper concludes by a set of findings including: a doctor mistake is any act that he/she does unintentionally as a result of the lack of proper checking up when getting engaged in the act. This is fundamentally related to his/her free will and selection of the adopted procedures considering their consequences. Also, the impact of the rule “damage should be removed” could be realized in the context of achieving health security of patients and their families. The study is divided into three main parts as follows:
Topic 1: The reality of the rule “damage should be removed”, its evidences and controls.
Topic 2: The reality of doctors’ mistakes, their types, and cases.
Topic 3: Impact of the rule “damage should be removed” on securing doctors’ mistakes.خطأ الطبيب ضرر على المجتمع، والشرع قضى بوجوب إزالة الضرر قبل وقوعه وبعده، وقد جاء هذا البحث بهدف بيان أثر القاعدة الفقهية: ( الضرر يزال) في ضمان خطـأ الطبيب، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف فقد تحدث الباحث عن حقيقة القاعدة وحجيتها وضوابطها، ثم بين حقيقة خطأ الطبيب وأنواعه وصوره، وانتهى الباحث ببيان أثر قاعدة الضرر يزال في ضمان خطأ الطبيب، وقد استخدم في هذا البحث المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، وذلك من خلال تتبع كتابات العلماء حول قاعدة الضرر يزال، ثم بيان حكم المسائل والفروع الفقهية المندرجة تحتها والمتعلقة بمسألة الخطأ الطبي، وقد خلص الباحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج منها: أن خطأ الطبيب هو أي فعل يصدر عنه من غير قصد بسبب تركه التثبت عند مباشرة أمر مقصود، وأن الأصل في مسؤولية الطبيب عن أخطائه الطبية حرية إرادته، واختياره لما يقوم به مع ما يترتب على فعله من جزاء، كما أن أثر قاعدة "الضرر يزال" في ضمان خطأ الطبيب يظهر في تحقيق الأمن الصحي للمرضى وذويهم. وقد تم تقسيم البحث إلى ثلاثة مباحث على النحو التالي:
المبحث الأول: حقيقة قاعدة الضرر يزال وحجيتها وضوابطها.
المبحث الثاني: حقيقة خطأ الطبيب وأنواعه وصوره.
المبحث الثالث: أثر قاعدة الضرر يزال في ضمان خطأ الطبيب
تحديد الأجهزة المكتبية ومراقبتها باستخدام تصنيف الطاقة القائم على التعلم العميق في المباني الذكية
No full textAnalysis of electrical energy metering profiles has experienced a substantial increase of research activity in recent years. This smart metering is a tool for monitoring energy usage and users’ behaviors as a pre-requisite for substantial energy savings. Instead of having a sensor at each appliance, non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) provides a cheaper solution by disaggregating the load data from a single meter using digital signal processing. Different algorithms have been successfully applied to a variety of load scenarios. Load data for small office appliances is available in the BLOND data set (Building-Level Office eNvironment Dataset) such as laptops, computer monitors, etc. The potential energy saving of each small appliance cannot be neglected, particularly in large companies/institutes. In this paper, a recurrent neural network (RNN) with long-short term memory (LSTM) is designed, trained, and validated for NILM on small power office equipment provided in the BLOND data set. A comparison to combinatorial optimization and factorial hidden Markov models using five metrics for performance testing shows good results for the proposed RNN.Palgerشهد تحليل بيانات قياس الطاقة الكهربائية زيادة كبيرة في النشاط البحثي في السنوات الأخيرة. هذا القياس الذكي هو أداة لمراقبة استخدام الطاقة وسلوكيات المستخدمين كشرط مسبق لتوفير كبير في الطاقة. بدلاً من وجود مستشعر للمراقبة في كل جهاز ، توفر مراقبة الحمل غير المتطفلة (NILM) حلاً أرخص عن طريق فصل بيانات الحمل من عداد واحد باستخدام معالجة الإشارات الرقمية. تم تطبيق خوارزميات مختلفة بنجاح على مجموعة متنوعة من سيناريوهات المحتملة. تتوفر بيانات الاستهلاك للأجهزة المكتبية الصغيرة في مجموعة بيانات BLOND (مجموعة بيانات البيئة المكتبية على مستوى المبنى) مثل أجهزة الكمبيوتر المحمولة وشاشات الكمبيوتر وما إلى ذلك. لا يمكن إهمال توفير الطاقة المحتمل لكل جهاز صغير ، خاصة في الشركات / المعاهد الكبيرة في هذا البحث ، شبكة عصبية متكررة (RNN) بذاكرة طويلة المدى (LSTM) تم تصميمها وتدريبها والتحقق من صحتها من أجل NILM على معدات مكتب الطاقة الصغيرة المتوفرة في مجموعة بيانات BLOND. تُظهر المقارنة بين التحسين التوافقي ونماذج ماركوف المخفية ذات العوامل باستخدام خمسة مقاييس لاختبار الأداء نتائج جيدة لـ RNN المقترحة
التكامل أو الاستبدال: الصحافة في عصر الذكاء الاصطناعي وصحافة الروبوت
No full textJournalism technology is constantly changing with new products and tools, the need to acquire technology is an ongoing process, as new idioms emerged such as: Robot journalism, and news automation, due to the changes brought about by modern technologies, in addition to the environment of journalistic work in general.
This study tries to deal with the impacts of new technologies on journalism in general, specially the robotics and artificial intelligence technology, and what media institutions is using these technologies and how?, trying to answer the question: is Artificial Intelligence (AI) will replace humans in media industry? Or it would help them to improve their career? And use it to do their work fast, accurate and more efficient?تتغير تكنولوجيا الصحافة باستمرار مع المنتجات والأدوات الحديثة، والحاجة إلى الحصول على التكنولوجيا والاستفادة منها هي عملية مستمرة، فقد ظهرت مصطلحات جديدة في عالم الصحافة، مثل: صحافة الروبوت، وأتمتة الأخبار، وذلك بسبب التغييرات التي أحدثتها التقنيات الحديثة، بالإضافة إلى تغير بيئة العمل الصحفي بشكل عام.
تحاول هذه الدراسة التعامل مع تأثيرات التقنيات الجديدة على الصحافة بشكل عام، وخاصة الروبوتات وتكنولوجيا الذكاء الاصطناعي، والتعرف على المؤسسات الإعلامية التي تستخدم هذه التقنيات وكيف تستخدمها، كما تحاول الدراسة الإجابة على السؤال التالي: هل سيحل الذكاء الاصطناعي محل البشر في صناعة الإعلام؟ أم أنها ستساعد الصحفيين على تحسين حياتهم المهنية؟ واستخدامه لإنجاز عملهم بسرعة ودقة وكفاءة أكبر
Post-war Restoration of Traditional Houses in Gaza
No full textIn the past decade, the city of Gaza has suffered from three consecutive wars in 2008–2009, 2012 and 2014. As a result, severe physical destructions impacted all aspects of urban life. The impact of destructions on historical buildings is undoubtedly of the most significant, because it represents a destruction of the identity and cultural history of Palestinian people, which is part of the world heritage that belongs to all. This chapter discusses a collaborative project between a local institution, the Architectural Center for Heritage (IWAN) at Islamic University of Gaza (IUG), and an international organization, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), for the post-war restoration of traditional houses after the 2008–2009 war that was implemented in collaboration with the residents of those houses. It provides a local perspective on a project-targeted 37 traditional houses in the Old City of Gaza that was partially affected by the war of 2008–2009. The study presents the stages of the work including documentation, awareness raising workshops, training, the cleaning phase and the restoration works. In addition, the study presents the challenges that faced the project, and how they were overcome. Financing was one of the challenges as it was limited. There was a need to define priorities of the most important works to be done. Another one was the lack of skilled workers and engineers which required training for them. Additionally, implementing the conservation works carried out while residents inside the house. The results show that it is possible to get a great achievement with limited resources. The project finance was for temporary job creation, and the partnership invested it to conserve the affected traditional houses. As a result of community participation, residents got awareness about the cultural value of their houses, and how to maintain them. This knowledge about the mechanism of maintenance contributed to its sustainability for future.In the past decade, the city of Gaza has suffered from three consecutive wars in 2008–2009, 2012 and 2014. As a result, severe physical destructions impacted all aspects of urban life. The impact of destructions on historical buildings is undoubtedly of the most significant, because it represents a destruction of the identity and cultural history of Palestinian people, which is part of the world heritage that belongs to all. This chapter discusses a collaborative project between a local institution, the Architectural Center for Heritage (IWAN) at Islamic University of Gaza (IUG), and an international organization, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), for the post-war restoration of traditional houses after the 2008–2009 war that was implemented in collaboration with the residents of those houses. It provides a local perspective on a project-targeted 37 traditional houses in the Old City of Gaza that was partially affected by the war of 2008–2009. The study presents the stages of the work including documentation, awareness raising workshops, training, the cleaning phase and the restoration works. In addition, the study presents the challenges that faced the project, and how they were overcome. Financing was one of the challenges as it was limited. There was a need to define priorities of the most important works to be done. Another one was the lack of skilled workers and engineers which required training for them. Additionally, implementing the conservation works carried out while residents inside the house. The results show that it is possible to get a great achievement with limited resources. The project finance was for temporary job creation, and the partnership invested it to conserve the affected traditional houses. As a result of community participation, residents got awareness about the cultural value of their houses, and how to maintain them. This knowledge about the mechanism of maintenance contributed to its sustainability for future
Pitavastatin Enhances Doxorubicin-induced Apoptosis in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells
Get PDFBreast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. While doxorubicin is part of the standard therapy for metastatic breast cancer, it has limited success. Pitavastatin has been shown to enhance the anti-cancer activity of certain therapeutics. The current study, therefore, explored the anti-cancer activity of the combined treatment of doxorubicin and
pitavastatin in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Cell proliferation and viability assays demonstrated that combined doxorubicin and pitavastatin treatment resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity and cell death. Western blotting analysis showed that pitavastatin treatment resulted in increasing levels of p53 and the cell cycle regulator p21 in both doxorubicin treated and untreated cells.
Furthermore, we demonstrated that apoptosis induced by the combined treatment occurs through the intrinsic pathway as evident from the activation of caspase 9, caspase 7 and the reduction of BCL-2 level. This study provides novel evidence to suggest that combined treatment of doxorubicin and pitavastatin may be effectively combined to treat breast cancer with the potential to minimize the side effects associated with high doses of doxorubicin.Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. While doxorubicin is part of the standard therapy for metastatic breast cancer, it has limited success. Pitavastatin has been shown to enhance the anti-cancer activity of certain therapeutics. The current study, therefore, explored the anti-cancer activity of the combined treatment of doxorubicin and
pitavastatin in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Cell proliferation and viability assays demonstrated that combined doxorubicin and pitavastatin treatment resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity and cell death. Western blotting analysis showed that pitavastatin treatment resulted in increasing levels of p53 and the cell cycle regulator p21 in both doxorubicin treated and untreated cells.
Furthermore, we demonstrated that apoptosis induced by the combined treatment occurs through the intrinsic pathway as evident from the activation of caspase 9, caspase 7 and the reduction of BCL-2 level. This study provides novel evidence to suggest that combined treatment of doxorubicin and pitavastatin may be effectively combined to treat breast cancer with the potential to minimize the side effects associated with high doses of doxorubicin