Islamic University of Gaza
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Dientamoeba fragilis in Gaza Strip: a Neglected Protozoan Parasite
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to detect Dientamoeba fragilis by iron haematoxylin stain, as well as its prevalence, and association between D. fragilis infection and diarrhoea among patients attending Al-Nuseirate Refugee Camp Clinic, Gaza Strip.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 319 children and adults with age ranges from (1 to 75) years old, attending Al-Nussirat Clinic, and who were complaining from clinical symptoms, like diarrhoea and abdominal pain.
Results: 28 individuals were infected with D. fragilis with a prevalence of 8.8%. The detection of 28 cases infected with D. fragilis was proved using iron haematoxylin stain, but no case was detected by direct smear or formal-ether sedimentation technique. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain (96.4%) and diarrhoea (71.4%) in patients with diantamoebiasis and this was statistically significant (P= 0.03). Co-infection between D. fragilis and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar was 50% and between D. fragilis and Giardia lamblia was 7.1%.
Conclusion: D. fragilis was present in the patients stool samples and was detected and proved using iron haematoxylin stain
Weight Reduction Perception and Practice among Female Students in Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Palestine
No full textObjectives: The present study aimed to determine the frequency of weight reduction perception. Methods: A sample of 467 female students from Al-Azhar University in the Gaza Strip was selected on a convenience basis. Information obtained from the participants included: age, marital status, place of residence, employment status, health status, methods of weight reduction, sources of information about weight control, and current physical activities. Results: The present study found that 38.8% of female students had practiced weight reduction. The most prevailing attitudes for reducing weight described by the students was sports with 83.3%, followed by exclusion of some principal meals or principal nutrients (57.8%). It was found that 38.5% of the students did not practice any physical exercise. An inverse association was also present between the satisfaction about body weight and the practice of weight reduction. Conclusion and recommendation: It is concluded that the female students followed unhealthy methods of weight reduction. It is recommended that great efforts be made to spread the awareness of healthy methods of weight reduction among females
Assessment of parasitic pollution in the coastal seawater of Gaza city
No full textBackground: The main objective of the study was the assessment of the prevalence and the identification of species of human gastrointestinal parasites as an indicator of the pollution of the seashore of Gaza City.
Methods: The investigation was conducted by analysis of the parasitic contamination of seawater along the study area. A total of 52 samples of seawater were analyzed during the summer period; from June to October 2011. The study area was divided into six zones (A, B, C, D, E and F) according to specific criteria such as the presence of the wastewater discharge points and other geographical characteristics.
Results: The results show that about 48% of the seawater samples from the shoreline region of Gaza City were contaminated with parasites. Zones A, B and D (mouth of Wadi Gaza, Al Sheikh Ejleen discharge and Al Shalehat discharge points respectively) have the highest level of parasitic contamination, while, zones C and E (From Al-Baydar
restaurant to Khalel Alwazer Mosque and the basin of the Gaza marina respectively) had a lower level of contamination and zone F (From the northern part of the Gaza marina to the Intelligence Building) was uncontaminated. The parasitic species found were: Ascaris lumbricoides, Giardia lamblia, Strongyloides stercoralis, Hymenolepis nana, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and Cryptosporidium parvum.
Conclusions: The present study revealed a high level of contamination with parasites at most of the points which were investigated along the Gaza City coast line
Occurrence of intestinal parasites of mice Mus musculus in Gaza and Rafah, Gaza Strip, Palestine
No full textTo study the prevalence of intestinal parasites of home mice in Gaza and Rafah, the Gaza strip. This study included the digestive tract of 104 mice; the digestive system was removed after dissection from duodenum to the rectum. Stool samples were taken and saved by preservation SAF. Then the intestine was washed by running water into the sieve and seeing worms were washed with saline solution and then preserved by ethyl alcohol 70%. Stool samples were examined under microscope using saline and iodine using X10 and X40 in the laboratories of the Biology Department. It was found that mice were infected with intestinal parasites with prevalence 48.1% and for coccidia 35.6%. It was possible to identify some species of parasites, especially Giardia and some larvae of the worm and Enterobius. The prevalence of parasites for protozoa was 40.4% and for nematode was 16.3%. It is concluded that mouse is a potential source of intestinal parasites and presence in homes in Gaza strip is highly real risk. Control methods and awareness distribution among Palestinian community should take place, in addition to control mice by conventional traps, and by breeding domestic cats
فاعلية بيئات التعلم الإلكتروني في تنمية مهارات تصميم الأنشطة الإلكترونية القائمة على التلعيب لمعلمي التكنولوجيا في غزة
No full textThe Corona Global Pandemic created challenges for teachers and students in using E-learning tools in the teaching and learning process. Thus, training teachers to use these tools was extremely crucial. The current study examined the effectiveness of E-learning environments on developing the skills to design E-tivities based on Gamification for Gaza technology teachers. The research-ers followed the quasi-experimental approach for two randomly selected experimental groups. The first experimental group was taught via E-learning social environment Edmodo, while the second experimental group was taught via the personal E-learning environment WordPress. Every group consists of 30 teachers teaching Information Technology for secondary students. The group equivalence was adjusted before the experiment in designing E-tivities skills based on gamification. To collect data, the researchers prepared an observation card of the skills for design-ing E-tivities based on gamification. The observation card dealt with the design tools and their sub-indicators, and it was applied before and after the intervention phase. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean of the teachers’ scores in the experimental social environment group Edmodo, and the experimen-tal personal learning environment group WordPress in the post-application of the observation card for designing E-tivities skills based on gamification. Additionally, the findings revealed great effectiveness of E-learning social environment Edmodo and the personal E-learning environment WordPress on developing skills for designing E-tivities based on gamification. In light of these results, it is recommended that social and personal E-learning environments should be employed in developing the skills of teachers and improving their experiences. This helps organize and dis-play information in addition to facilitating communication between the components of the educa-tional process and the benefit of using these environments in training teachers under the Global pandemic, Coronavirus, COVID-19.خلق جائحة كورونا العالمي تحديات للمعلمين والطلاب في استخدام أدوات التعلم الإلكتروني في عملية التدريس والتعلم. وبالتالي ، كان تدريب المعلمين على استخدام هذه الأدوات أمرًا بالغ الأهمية. درست الدراسة الحالية فعالية بيئات التعلم الإلكتروني في تطوير المهارات لتصميم الأنشطة الإلكترونية على أساس التلعيب لمعلمي التكنولوجيا في غزة. اتبع الباحثون المنهج شبه التجريبي لمجموعتين تجريبيتين تم اختيارهما عشوائياً. تم تدريس المجموعة التجريبية الأولى عبر بيئة التعلم الإلكتروني الاجتماعية Edmodo ، بينما تم تدريس المجموعة التجريبية الثانية عبر بيئة التعلم الإلكتروني الشخصية WordPress. تتكون كل مجموعة من 30 معلمًا يقومون بتدريس تكنولوجيا المعلومات لطلاب المرحلة الثانوية. تم تعديل معادلة المجموعة قبل التجربة في تصميم المهارات الإلكترونية على أساس التلعيب. لجمع البيانات ، أعد الباحثون بطاقة ملاحظة لمهارات تصميم الأنشطة الإلكترونية على أساس التلعيب. تناولت بطاقة الملاحظة أدوات التصميم ومؤشراتها الفرعية وتم تطبيقها قبل وبعد مرحلة التدخل. أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α ≤ 0.05) بين متوسط درجات المعلمين في مجموعة البيئة الاجتماعية التجريبية Edmodo ومجموعة بيئة التعلم الشخصية التجريبية WordPress في التطبيق البعدي لـ. بطاقة الملاحظة لتصميم المهارات الإلكترونية على أساس التلعيب. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، كشفت النتائج عن فعالية كبيرة لبيئة التعلم الإلكتروني الاجتماعية Edmodo وبيئة التعلم الإلكتروني الشخصية WordPress في تطوير المهارات لتصميم الأنشطة الإلكترونية على أساس التلعيب. في ضوء هذه النتائج ، يوصى بتوظيف بيئات التعلم الإلكتروني الاجتماعية والشخصية في تنمية مهارات المعلمين وتحسين خبراتهم. يساعد هذا في تنظيم المعلومات وعرضها بالإضافة إلى تسهيل الاتصال بين مكونات العملية التعليمية والاستفادة من استخدام هذه البيئات في تدريب المعلمين في ظل الوباء العالمي ، فيروس كورونا ، كوفيد -19
The effect of using nano rice husk ash of different burning degrees on ultra-high-performance concrete properties
No full textThis work aims to highlight the effect of seven different types of nano rice husk ash (NRHA) on the mechanical, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and durability of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), whereby two different scenarios were applied. Rice husk ash (RHA) was manufactured by calcining rice husk at temperatures of 300, 500, 700 and 900 °C at a constant time of burning (for 3 h). Then, it was kept for cooling with a constant rate of 100/min and different burning hours of (9, 7, 5, and 3 h, respectively). After that, the product was milled to nano size. The final nano-sized product was added by different dosages (1–5%) with a 2% step to the UHPC mixture. Compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength were measured accordingly. Permeability was assessed by the sorptivity test; the ultrasonic pulse velocity test was also conducted. The results showed that the addition of NRHA enhanced the compressive strength and impermeability of UHPC due to the refined pore structure. For a constant burning duration, a significant improvement in compressive strength was observed at a burning temperature of 900 °C and 700 °C for 1% NRHA and at 500 °C and 300 °C for 3% and 5% NRHA. However, for a different burning duration, a significant improvement in compressive strength was recorded at a burning temperature of 700 °C and 500 °C for 3% NRHA, which was burnt for 5 h and 300 °C for 5% NRHA, which was burnt for 9 h. Sorptivity and ultra-sonic pulse velocity confirmed the results. Therefore, the advisable condition is burning at 700 °C for 5 h for more amorphous silica with medium energy compared to other mixes.This work aims to highlight the effect of seven different types of nano rice husk ash (NRHA) on the mechanical, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and durability of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), whereby two different scenarios were applied. Rice husk ash (RHA) was manufactured by calcining rice husk at temperatures of 300, 500, 700 and 900 °C at a constant time of burning (for 3 h). Then, it was kept for cooling with a constant rate of 100/min and different burning hours of (9, 7, 5, and 3 h, respectively). After that, the product was milled to nano size. The final nano-sized product was added by different dosages (1–5%) with a 2% step to the UHPC mixture. Compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength were measured accordingly. Permeability was assessed by the sorptivity test; the ultrasonic pulse velocity test was also conducted. The results showed that the addition of NRHA enhanced the compressive strength and impermeability of UHPC due to the refined pore structure. For a constant burning duration, a significant improvement in compressive strength was observed at a burning temperature of 900 °C and 700 °C for 1% NRHA and at 500 °C and 300 °C for 3% and 5% NRHA. However, for a different burning duration, a significant improvement in compressive strength was recorded at a burning temperature of 700 °C and 500 °C for 3% NRHA, which was burnt for 5 h and 300 °C for 5% NRHA, which was burnt for 9 h. Sorptivity and ultra-sonic pulse velocity confirmed the results. Therefore, the advisable condition is burning at 700 °C for 5 h for more amorphous silica with medium energy compared to other mixes
The prediction of compressive strength and non-destructive tests of sustainable concrete by using artificial neural networks
No full textThe Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a system, which is utilized for solving complicated problems by using nonlinear equations. This study aims to investigate compressive strength, rebound hammer number (RN), and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of sustainable concrete containing various amounts of fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag (BFS). In this study, the artificial neural network technique connects a nonlinear phenomenon and the intrinsic properties of sustainable concrete, which establishes relationships between them in a model. To this end, a total of 645 data sets were collected for the concrete mixtures from previously published papers at different curing times and test ages at 3, 7, 28, 90, 180 days to propose a model of nine inputs and three outputs. The ANN model's statistical parameter R2 is 0.99 of the training, validation, and test steps, which showed that the proposed model provided good prediction of compressive strength, RN, and UPV of sustainable concrete with the addition of cement.The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a system, which is utilized for solving complicated problems by using nonlinear equations. This study aims to investigate compressive strength, rebound hammer number (RN), and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of sustainable concrete containing various amounts of fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag (BFS). In this study, the artificial neural network technique connects a nonlinear phenomenon and the intrinsic properties of sustainable concrete, which establishes relationships between them in a model. To this end, a total of 645 data sets were collected for the concrete mixtures from previously published papers at different curing times and test ages at 3, 7, 28, 90, 180 days to propose a model of nine inputs and three outputs. The ANN model's statistical parameter R2 is 0.99 of the training, validation, and test steps, which showed that the proposed model provided good prediction of compressive strength, RN, and UPV of sustainable concrete with the addition of cement