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Bravlin— Brave or Humble?
Get PDFThe paper focuses on the name of the barbarian warlord that appears in the
Slavic and (recently discovered) Armenian versions of the Life of St. Stephen of
Sougdaia as Бравлинъ and Պրաւլիս /Praulis/, respectively. These forms seem to
point to Πραῦλις or Μπραῦλις in the lost Greek Vorlage. None of the previous
a empts at constructing an etymology of the name—Slavic бран(ъ)ливъ (Rus sian
copies of the Life), Swedish Bråvalla (G. Vernadsky, N. Belyaev, and O. Pri tsak),
Indo-Aryan *pravlīn(а)- (O. Trubachev), Spanish Braulio (V. Vasilievsky), or Gothic
*Bra(h)vila (N. Ganina)—may be considered satisfactory. Having re visited the histo
rical and linguistic arguments, we suggest that the name given to the bar ba rian
prince humbled by the miracle of St. Stephen in the Greek text of the Life re presented,
in fact, good Greek: Πραΰλιος or Πραῦλις (from πραΰς ‘mild, humble’);
fur ther more, we suggest that the positional voicing of Π- > Μπ- [b] in Late Middle
Greek might account for the initial Б- / Պ- (West Armenian [b]) of the a ested forms
Konfrontacja językowa polskich i ukraińskich jednostek frazeologicznych na przykładzie materiału z „Leksykonu aktywnej frazeologii polskiej i ukraińskiej”
No full textThe Dictionary of Active Polish and Ukrainian Phraseology [Leksykon aktywnej frazeologii polskiej i ukraińskiej} consists of equivalent phrasal units in Polish and Ukrainian. The innovative aspect of the lexicon is that it uses a semantic metalanguage to establish equivalent units. Leksykon’s authors developed a new method of searching for equivalent units with the meaning - not the form - as the starting point. The method allowed for finding both full as well as partial (descriptive) equivalents. The paper gives an overview of the Leksykon’s methodology and presents the authors’ definition of phraseologism. The most important points in the paper are illustrated with a number of example entries from the dictionary. The paper also covers neologisms, which are the phrasal units that have emerged only recently
Конкуренция местоимений ‘кто’ и ‘который’ в славянских относительных предложениях без существительного в вершине
Get PDFThe relativization systems of most Slavic languages include relative pronouns that
can be conventionally labelled as ‘who’ and ‘which’ and differ in a number of logically
independent parameters (etymology, animacy, grammaticality of attribu tive
contexts, and morphological distinction for number and gender). Prior re search has
shown that the choice between ‘who’ and ‘which’ in Slavic languages is largely
dependent on the head type. Some of the languages allow the ‘who’ pro nouns to be
used with pronominal heads, but not with nouns in the head, while in others, the
pronominal heads in the plural are also ungrammatical with the pronoun ‘who.’ The present study aims to complement the available qualitative data on the dis tribution
of the relativizers with quantitative data and to propose a unified account for
all the observed tendencies. A corpus-based study was con ducted in order to establish
language-internal statistical tendencies comparable to the known grammaticali
ty restrictions. The results show much agreement be tween the qualitative and quantitative
tendencies. Thus, the head ‘those,’ unlike the head ‘that,’ is incompatible
with the relativizer ‘who’ in Slovak, Polish, Upper Sorbian, and Lower Sorbian languages,
while the same tendency is quantitative in Czech, Slovene, Serbo-Croa tian,
Ukrainian, Belarusian, and the older varieties of Russian. Corpus data suggest that
there is also a stronger tendency for the relative pronoun ‘who’ to be avoided with
the head ‘those’ than with the head ‘all.’ One more relevant parameter is the semantic
type of the clause, maximalizing se man tics being the preferred option for ‘who.’
I suggest that all these and some other tendencies can be subsumed under a macroparameter of the extent to which the head is integrated into the relative clause
Косвенные речевые акты в речи персонажей “Повести временных лет”
Get PDFThe article states that communication in Old Russian as well as in modern Russian
discourse is characterized by the use of mono-functional and poly-functional
indirect speech acts. Moreover, the important aspect that helps to specify the illocutive
functions of indirect speech acts in Old Russian is their verifiability: the
verbal or non-verbal response of the interlocutor as well as the frame constructions,
which introduce direct speech (preposition). These constructions are also used in
the middle of the utterance (interposition) or at the end of the utterance (postposition).
The author of the chronicles observes the communicative purposes of
both the speaker and the interlocutor, indicating that the given utterance should
be regarded as an indirect speech act. By analyzing the use of mono-functional
indirect speech acts in the original dialogue fragments of the Tale of Bygone Years,
the author works out their typology. The groups of interrogative and non-interrogative
indirect speech acts have been singled out, each of them having certain
typical characteristics. The semantics of non-interrogative utterances in most
cases is connected with the expression of indirect meanings of time and aspect of
verbal forms. The use of interrogative utterances as indirect speech acts is mostly
connected with the changes not only in the illocutive function, but also in the propositional
meaning of the predicative unit: interrogative utterances with negations
should be interpreted as affirmative non-interrogative utterances and vice versa. The author comes to the conclusion that the use of modern mono-functional
indirect speech acts is traditional, since it is identical to their functioning in Old
Russian
Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa „Dusza w aksjosferze - aksjosfera duszy” – zadanie finansowane w ramach umowy 695/P-DUN/2017 ze środków Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę 17 Joanna Kirilova Аксиологический аспект души с точки зрения болгарской паремиологии В духе лингвокультурологии, которая постулирует существовании аксиологической стоимости в содержании понятия, доклад выводит концептуальные признаки души на эмпирических данных болгарских пословиц. Духовные аспекты души в болгарской паремиологии сравниваются с концептами ум и сердце, уже выведеных в ранее опубликованных исследованиях и статьях. Выводятся метафоры, с помощью которых выявляется душа, согласно теории Дж. Лейкаф и М. Джонсон Zdzisław Kłos The soul yearns for god... Czech medieval spiritual debates
No full textThe soul yearns for god... Czech medieval spiritual debates
“Death is always following me”, wrote a 14th century Czech author whose name had not been preserved. Death permenently accompanied every man and woman in the middle ages. In all churches the walls were hung with copies of The way of well dying (Ars bene moriendi).Treatises like this were extremely popular in medieval Europe. One of their authors was the eminent French theologist Jean Gerson (1363-1429), In his tractatus he adviced the faithful “to care not only for the ill flesh but rather for the immortal soul”, liberated at last from the bonds of the body. In the middle ages, men and women were fascinated by the phenomenon of both separation of spirit from the body and the link between them. Alain de Lille, an early medieval French scholastic claimed that “the soul is fastened to the body by “very tiny nails”.Did the anonymous author of Czech psychomachies ponder over this dilemma? Who was the winner in those soul-and-body conflicts? How did Jan Hus describe the soul? How Jenek of Prague, professor at Charles Unversity, interpret in the 14th century Aristotle’s treatise entitled De Anima ? A tentative exploration of the medieval Czech literature should perhaps allow us to answer those questions.
Dusza k Bogu wzdycha… Z „dusznych” sporów czeskiego średniowiecza
Śmierć ku mnie wżdy pospiesza ,//A gdy me grzechy zoczy nynie, //dusza rychło kary nie minie! – pisał nieznany z imienia XIV-wieczny autor czeski. Śmierć niemal na co dzień towarzyszyła człowiekowi średniowiecza. We wszystkich kościołach wisiały odpisy „sztuki dobrego umierania” (Artes bene moriendi). Traktaty tego rodzaju były w średniowieczu niezwykle popularne. Autor jednego z nich, wybitny teolog francuski, Jan Gerson (1363-1429), zalecał, by „troszczyć się nie tylko o ciało chorego, lecz przede wszystkim o jego duszę nieśmiertelną” – wyzwoloną wreszcie z okowów ciała. Człowieka średniowiecza fascynował problem rozłączenia duszy i ciała, ale także ich złączenia. Alan z Lille, wczesnośredniowieczny scholastyk francuski twierdził, że „dusza jest przytwierdzona do ciała „maleńkimi gwoździkami”! Czy anonimowi autorzy czeskich psychomachii zastanawiali się nad tym dylematem? Kto brał górę w owych „dusznych” bojach? Jak opisywał duszę Jan Hus? Jak profesor Uniwersytetu Karola, Jenek z Pragi, interpretował w XIV w. traktat Arystotelesa De anima? Krótki rekonesans w świat czeskiej literatury średniowiecznej pozwoli być może dać odpowiedź na te pytania
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ОНОМАСТИЧЕСКИХ ЕДИНИЦ: ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ОТРАЖЕНИЯ В ТУРИСТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ
Get PDFThe article reveals the changes in the names of geographical objects in the Volgograd Region due to extralinguistic and intralinguistic factors. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to present the dynamics of the development of the onomastic language subsystem in the socio-cultural aspect, which is important and necessary for the implementation of tourism activities. The material for study was urban names of Volgograd region. To the most significant extralinguistic reasons affecting transformation of the name of a geographical object the author refers: the change in the state of society associated with political events, the desire to perpetuate in the name the memory of historical personalities who have made a definite contribution to the history, culture of the whole country or its particular region, specific settlement localization, the explication of which contributed to the individualization of the oikonym, the desire to reflect in the name of the settlement the features of economic living standards or the nature of industrial production. Among the intralinguistic factors that determine the renaming of a geographical object are the rejection of dialect words in the name of the settlement due to their archaization, the cacophony of the names of settlements and the urge to unification of the toponym according to the onomastics word formation model, typical for modern Russian. It is concluded that the inclusion of information on the renaming of settlements and the explanation of the reasons for this process in the texts of tourist discourse will make it possible to realize the needs of the tourist in expanding their competences while developing another socio-communicative space
Паходжанне рэдкіх словаўтваральных фармантаў у славянскіх мовах
No full textReferat wygłoszony na konferencji z okazji jubileuszu dr Zofii Rudnik-Karwatowej "Wokół systemów informacyjno-wyszukiwawczych i słowotwórstwa" (Warszawa, 8 września 2017 r.). Organizator: Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Имало е и такива българи, или една библиография за учителя, просветителя и държавника Нестор Марков
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Нестор Марков и многостранните аспекти на неговата книжовна дейност в контекста на българското образование през Възраждането
Get PDFThe paper presents three of most important works which are significant for the three main area of immense writing activitiy of Nestor Markov during the period of national Revival. The related structural and linguistic analysis of their novelty with respect to teaching both linguistic and natural sciences school subjects is presented outlining the novelty of the approach. The conclusion relates presented analysis to historical circumstances and national Revival ideas