1942 research outputs found
Sort by
Pinocchio in Emojitaliano. Przekład eksperymentalny w kulturze zwrotu wizualnego i performatywnego
Get PDFThe article discusses the experimental translation of the classic of children’s literature — Pinocchio (La storia di un burattino) by Carlo Collodi — from Italian into an artificially created language of the emoji signs. The translation was dicussed in the context of other translations of literature into emoji sings and experimental translation in general. This originally new-media translation illustrates the cultural transformations of modernity and can be understood as an expression of the iconic (visual) and performative turn in the humanities
Między przekładem, komentarzem a interpretacją: uwagi na marginesie anglojęzycznego podręcznika literatury polskiej
Get PDFThe paper is devoted to the reciprocal connections among three “metatexts”: translation, commentary, and interpretation. On the basis of Antoine Berman’s theoretical assumptions I demonstrate how these three “reformulations” are intertwined in order to analyze chosen pieces of Polish poetry in English translation. My aim is to explore various roles which translation, commentary and interpretation can play in presenting Polish literature to foreign readers
(Samo)poznanie wobec Innego i kultura obca jako źródło własnej tożsamości: poeta Zdravko Malić <i>(tłum. Katarzyna Majdzik)</i>
No full textThis paper deals primarily with the poetry of Zdravko Malić, one of the most prominent Croatian Polonists of the 20th century, founder of Croatian Polonistics as a university, institutionalised philological discipline, and the author of a comprehensive and far‑reaching literary‑historic and translator’s body of work. Along with his literary‑scientific work and work as a translator, as a poet Malić wrote a rather small but, in the composition of the whole of his interests, an indicative poetic contribution, which mirrors his research topics and the depth of their perception. As a Polonist, he covered his own poetic practice with a web of intertextual and citation points that helped him to refer to a foreign culture, Polish, as the starting point of his erudition. As a prolegomenon to the insight into his poetic collection, we will give a brief overview of Malić’s body of work and his activities, which supplements his biography as a Polonist
The Influence of the Island Status of a Community on Its System of Values: On the Identity of the Old Believers in Poland through Their Language
Get PDFThe article considers the identity and system of values of the Old Believers in north-eastern Poland. The data for the article were open interviews eliciting self-generated labels, which are then compared with the typology of other Slavic island communities. Each of the informants was asked the questions: “How would you describe Old Believers? What are they like in your opinion?” The answers can be analyzed from various viewpoints. In the article, the scope of analysis is the structure of the lexical field of the reactions. It is then described in terms of one of the existing universal classifications of values (by J. P. van Oudenhoven and B. de Raad, a bottom-up approach). It is argued that the lexical field of the reactions reflects in a specific way the system of values, thus the analysis of the reactions to the interview questions allows for an assessment of the system of values. The most important factor is spirituality, which defines the majority of the reactions. Among other important factors are benevolence, organization, and achievement. This hierarchy is then compared to the list of the oppositions through which the identity of island communities can be defined (created by Anna Plotnikova, a top-down approach): language, religion, cultural tradition, type of incorporation into the society of the majority (dispersed vs. compact dwelling), and citizenship. From the enumerated parameters, religion seems to be the most important. Cultural tradition and type of incorporation seem to condition some of the reactions. At the same time, language and citizenship do not play any roles in the answers of the informants. Citizenship due to the fact that the group members only have Polish citizenship, so it is not an option to take part in creation of community identity. Language because linguistic shift has already started, so the community includes also Polish speakers whose knowledge of Russian is very limited and passive
Церковная история и положение православной иерархии в Российской империи начала XIX в.
Get PDFIn this article, the author tries to reflect the emergence of the intellectual concept of “Church History” through a number of theoretical frameworks, setting this discursive turn on the map of the epoch using several narratives. The first is the problem of the cultural gap arising during the 18th century between the intellectual elites of the nobility and clergy. Second, we examine the bureaucratization of the empire leading both to the convergence of parallel “ecclesiastical” and “civil” administrative structures and to the emergence of the bureaucratic layer between episcopate and the monarch, who was considered as the formal “head” of the earthly ecclesiastical structure. Third, we consider the establishment of the administrative bonds between governmental authorities and individuals, which were understood as being in competition for the “pastoral” power of the church hierarchy. We next examine the change in the mode of knowledge distribution, which took place within the emergence of the “public sphere” in the early 19th-century Russian Empire. Finally, we look at the problem of the national identity emerging in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, which was centered around the concept of the ethnic community and political body (and its history) rather than on the community of believers actualized in the discourse of the epoch as the concept of Church (and its history). All those narratives on social change strive to explain the global change in Orthodox theology, which became centered on ecclesiology. This change might be effectively problematized as a transition between first and second “orders of theology” within the framework proposed by G. Kaufman. This method of explanation may be especially productive when it comes to drawing an analogy between Russian and Western theology in the modern period
Sinful Soul: concepts fo a soul, and sin in East Slavic religious folklore
No full textSinful soul: concepts fo a soul, and sin in East Slavic religious folklore The paper examines the conception of sin in Slavic traditional culture, the relationship of sin and soul, a posthumous punishment of the souls of sinners, means and ways of liberation from sin. These aspects are discussed on a religious folklore texts corpus (spiritual poetry, legends, afterlife visions, prayers, phraseology etc). Depending on the genre and even on certain varieties of genres, an understanding of sin, a sinful soul and liberation from sin look quite different, but the basic concept of a sin is common. Of particular interest is the list of sins which are not considered as such in Christianity, but stand out as very much significant in religious folklore: to steal magically one’s harvest, to dilute milk with water, to wash the cloth in water where a stove broom has been weted, etc. Punishment, which the soul undergoes, characterize a folkloric concept of a sin.
Душа грешная. Концепт души и греха в восточнославянском религиозном фольклоре
В докладе на материале религиозного фольклора (духовных стихов, легенд, обмираний, молитв, фразеологии и языковых клише) анализируется понятие греха в традиционной культуре, связь греха и души, посмертное наказание душ грешников, формы и способы освобождения от греха. В зависимости от жанра и даже от отдельных разновидностей жанров понимание греха, грешной души и освобождения от греха может видоизменяться, однако основное содержание остается устойчивым. Особый интерес представляет перечень особо тяжких грехов, которые не считаются таковыми в христианстве, но специально выделяются как существенные в религиозном фольклоре: вынимать спорину из зерна, разбавлять молоко водой, мыть скатерть в воде от печного помела и т.п. Наказания, которые душа претерпевает за эти грехи, тоже свидетельствуют об особом понимании греха в фольклоре
Mikhail Lomonosov’s “Short Manual in Rhetoric”: The History of the First Edition from 1748
Get PDFThe article studies the first editions of Mikhail Lomonosov’s “Kratkoe rukovodstvo k krasnorechiiu (A Short Manual in Rhetoric),” issued by the Academy of Sciences in 1748 and 1765. The textual variations help us demonstrate that the common view on the history of these texts as directly descending from the only extant set of proof-reads is false. With textual and codicological analysis (including the presentation of three unique copies of the first edition), and using the records of the Academy Chancellery and Typography, we argue that the creation of the unique varying copies of the first edition were caused not only by the fire in the Academy building (December 5, 1747), but also by the lack of paper in the Typography’s stock and the fact, that the most part of the book had not yet been written by the time it started to print. For more than a year Lomonosov provided the typography with only small portions of the text, and thus the reprinting the portion of the print run damaged by the fire coincided with the creation of the last chapters. This made it possible for Lomonosov to radically rewrite the first paragraphs of an early chapter “On fictions,” turning it into a theoretical text, legitimizing the fiction genres, which became the crucial part of the Academy print in 1747/48 (Volchkov’s translation of the Aesop’s Fables; the translations of the Fenelons’ Telemaque and Barclay’s Argenis; Sumarokov’s tragedies). The article concludes with a verified stemma of the print sources of the “Kratkoe rukovodstvo,” issued during Lomonosov’s lifetime; and the Moscow edition (1759–1765) is argued to present the latest authorized text
On the Problem of Biblical and Liturgical Citation by Mikhail Lomonosov
Get PDFThe main objective of this paper is to describe the types and functions of
biblical and liturgical citation in M. V. Lomonosov’s works. This research into
Lomonosov’s text corpus shows that explicit biblical and liturgical citation
can be revealed in the texts of different genres—both in his poetry and in his
prose works (and not only in “poetic” rhetorical prose). The paper focuses on
different forms of biblical and liturgical contexts in Lomonosov’s panegyric
odes, natural science texts, working papers, and letters. Three sources of biblical
and liturgical parallels were used: the Moscow Bible (1663), the Festal Menaion
(1730), and the Octoechos (1715); the latter includes Lomonosov’s notes in the
margins. The research shows that Lomonosov proceeds in various ways: he
might mention a Bible source with out citation; he might use marked citations;
and he might include biblical and liturgical citations into his own speech without
reinterpretation, sometimes giv ing them some additional semantics. Biblical
and liturgical phraseology can be described as using the following specific
forms: a) phrases that actuate biblical and liturgical semantics in Lomonosov’s
panegyric odes (an im portant issue is to reveal which context is relevant—the
biblical or the liturgical); b) those that demonstrate logical consistency between
science and religion in Lo monosov’s natural science texts; c) those that construct
polemic and ironic context in prose works of different genres; and d) those
that emphasize some statements in Lomonosov’s letters, creating the effect of
“switching the languages.
The “Idea of the University” in the Russian Theological Academies (19th and Early 20th Centuries)
Get PDFFor the first time, the Humboldtian university model is considered against the background of the 19th- and early 20th-century history of the Russian theological academies. The influence of educational ideas — direct or mediated by the experience of Russian universities — upon higher theological schools is traced along different historical phases delineated by two reforms: one that, between 1808 and 1814, introduced certain university elements into the life of the academies, and another that, in 1869, ushered in the research university model in its entirety. The author concludes that the fundamental principles of the research university significantly affected the further development of Russian theological scholarship, stimulating processes of specialization within the field and triggering the use of the method of historical criticism in all branches of theology. At the same time, however, some of the elements of the research university model failed to meet the specific needs of the theological schools. The application of methods of historical criticism, in turn, prompted speculation about the divine inspiration of the Scriptures, the affiliation of theological scholarship with the Church, and the limits of freedom in theological scholarship
Old Slavic Sermon Language: The Extraordinary Nature of Verb Morphology in Cyril Turovskij’s Homilies
Get PDFThe article’s subject matter—verbs functioning in the sermons of the Old Russian church writer Cyril Turovskij (second half of the 12th century)—is considered in details for the first time on the basis of the earliest source, Tolstovskij Sbornik (second half of the 13th century). Since Cyril’s sermons were addressed to a wide range of listeners and readers they had to be based on intelligible and simple language forms that also preserved a connection with literary standards. This manifested itself in the significant Russification of the preaching language. The article describes the following features of the language of Cyril’s sermons: the earliest and widespread usage of “praesens historicum”; the exclusive usage of aorist forms with additional endings (načętъ type); the special functional and syntactic nature of the aorist rěšę; the unusually wide usage of 2 Sg. aorist and imperfect forms; the usage of perfective imperfect forms and imperfects with additional endings; the prospective future tense and modal functioning of the paraphrastic forms with the auxiliary verb xoščè; special cases of 1 Pl. imperatives usage; the special character of the reflexive enclitic sę; and the extraordinary distribution of periphrastic preterits forms. Some similarity of verbs functioning in Cyril’s homilies and The Tale of Igor’s Campaign is detected as well as in the original Chronicle, early Old Russian translations, and Paroemiarion