1942 research outputs found
Sort by
Univerbizace a (kvazi)kompozice v současné češtině
No full textThe paper focuses on the scope of application of univerbation in new compound and quasicompound formations in Czech. The analysis is based on the comparison of parallel occurrence of multiple-word and one-word names (fotopapir - fotograficky papm, profiarmada - profesionalni armada) in representative corpora of the Czech National Corpus. The usage of multi-word names, potentially motivated one-word names, in the interpretation of semantics in monolingual (neological) dictionaries is considered a supportive criterion to evaluate analysed names as possible results of univerbation. The aim of the paper is also to assess (quasi)compound formation in terms of pattern (model) formation
ЗНАЧЕНИЕ И УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ ГЛАГОЛА СОСТОЯТЬ И ЕГО ЭКВИВАЛЕНТЫ В СЕРБСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Get PDFThe object of this paper is the Russian verb sostoyat (consist of) drawing attention to the analysis due to its wide semantic potential and a wide range of commonly used features in the Russian language. As the verb is used in Russian quite often, the author explores its various aspects. At the beginning of the paper the author briefly presents the etymology of this verb. In addition, the described lexicographic data indicate the possibility of its use in four different meanings and the corresponding forms of the given verb in the Serbian language. The author presents the limitations in the use of the personal forms and points to its use as a verbal ligament due to its close connection with the meaning of the verb byt (to be). The connection with the verb to be represents an opportunity to use this verb in the existential sense, and its limitations in using the verb form have been pointed out. The author lists the synonyms of the given verb, the stable combinations in which it is used and also presents its use in various meanings expressed in percents. The data presented in the paper can contribute to the theory and practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language (in this case – in the Serbian language environment), primarily in mastering the verbal subsystem due to its connection with other verbs that in some meanings have similar usage
Bibliografie české lingvistiky v číslech a v kontextu srbocharvátsko-českých vztahů
Get PDFRozszerzony abstrakt referatu przygotowanego na posiedzenie bloku tematycznego Komisji Bibliografii Lingwistycznej przy Międzynarodowym Komitecie Slawistów nt. "Bibliografia językoznawstwa slawistycznego w przestrzeni cyfrowej" podczas XVI Międzynarodowego Kongresu Slawistów (Belgrad, 20-27.08.2018)
Украинский язык в Аргентине и Парагвае как маркер идентичности
Get PDFThis paper discusses the function of the Ukrainian language in Argentina and Paraguay. Although there are studies that focus on describing the historical and ethnographic features of the Ukrainian diaspora in this region, there are no studies devoted to the analysis of speech. I collected oral narratives during a field study of Slavic communities in the region in 2015, and this allowed me to draw conclusions about the processes occurring in informants’ speech. I discovered that the Ukrainian language used by descendants of the first and second waves of migration, living in the province of Misiones in Argentina and in the department of Itapúa in Paraguay, retains the traits of the primary dialect system of the South-Western dialect group of Galicia (Halychyna). A large number of contact phenomena (borrowed lexemes, numerals, affirmative and negative particles, etc.) were recorded, as well as language strategies that typically accompany these phenomena. For example, reiteration strategy, metalinguistic comments, and hesitations in choosing suitable words were all present. The principle difficulty in the adoption of words borrowed from Spanish — particularly nouns — is gender affiliation. A characteristic common to all informants was the strategy of code-switching. An analysis of the functioning of toponyms revealed that place names preceded by prepositions remain indeclinable. Personal names remain an important identity marker for members of the Ukrainian diaspora and both Spanish and Ukrainian feature a distinction between onomastic spaces. The identity of speakers is also reflected in ethnonyms that have emerged in the new land of resettlement
Универбаты-неологизмы в современных российских масс-медиа
Get PDFEnhancement of social life dynamics, intensification of communication have stipulated the increased activity of univerbation processes in the modern Russian discourse. When producing univerbats high productivity is demonstrated by the suffix -к(а) with the semantics of a subject and by the suffixes -ник, -щик with the semantics of a person. In most cases the semantics of such univerbats is known to the interlocutor or becomes clear in the context. In the event of controversial interpretation of a univerbat the semantics of the latter seldom becomes clear in the modern media texts. Deciphering of univerbats often depends on the social background, age and education level of a listener. In media-texts univerbats perform a compressive, stylistic, expressive-evaluative functions and they are also able to name new realias. Active usage of neologisms-univerbats signals the enhancement of a colloquial constituent of a modern media text
ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПРОТИВОРЕЧИЯ КОДИФИКАЦИИ СЛОЖНЫХ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ В РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Get PDFThe paper analyzes the linguistic content of the norm regulating the writing of complex adjectives, fixed in the Rules of Russian spelling and punctuation of 1956. The criteria underlying these recommendations are described, and the reasons for the selectivity of the application of the formulated rules are identified. We characterize the research aimed at clarifying the content of the standard for writing complex adjectives on the basis of either a formal grammatical principle or its combination with the semantic and syntactic criterion. It has been revealed that an attempt to combine the action of conflicting criteria within the framework of uniform rules without regard to their hierarchy leads to an increase in the number of exceptions to the rules and cannot be considered successful. We carry out the analysis of vocabulary codification of complex adjectives. It is argued that the spelling discrepancy in recommending the continuous / hyphenated writing of complex adjectives in modern Russian is caused by the high level of preparation and editing of a number of dictionaries and by repeated transfiguration of individual words fixed in academic spelling dictionaries. Contradictions at the codification of the spelling norm require changes in the content and principles of the very rules, as well as in the recommendations of spelling dictionaries
ФОНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ РЕЧЕВОГО ПОРТРЕТА СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕЧИ КУРСАНТОВ ВОЕННОГО ВУЗА)
Get PDFThe paper deals with the reconstruction of speech portrait which is defined as a part of verbal personality, verbalized in the communication process. The purpose of our research is to analyze linguistic features of the cadet's speech portrait, which are implemented at the phonetic level. The subject of the research is the verbal picture of the cadets of a military institute. The object is its phonetic aspect. The research material is represented with dictaphone recordings of educational discourse (240 hours long). The recordings were made at the lessons of different academics for the first, the second and the third-year cadets (disciplines – Russian Language and Culture of Speech, Military History, Law). 512 cadets took part in the research. The main method is the method of scientific description with the use of the following techniques: observation, continuous sampling, classification, systemization, interpretation and statistical data processing. The cadets' speech portrait is balanced enough, but it requires certain correction as for accentological and articulatory standards. The cadets made about 70 mistakes, which are typical for the young people's speech. When modeling the cadets' speech portrait, the special attention should be given to speech delivery. Its development is one of the factors for successful communication in the military professional sphere. The research results can be the foundation for reconsideration of the content of educational standards in military specialties. The given phonetic aspect of the young people's speech portrait enlarges existing in linguodidactics concepts about the analyzed phenomenon and contributes to the development of linguodidactics and sociolinguistics. The phonetic features of the cadets' speech portrait are shared by all the young people
Yнивербаты-омонимы или универбаты-полисеманты
Get PDFThe study of univerbs of маршрутка type viewed from their underlying bases, word formation means and meanings expressed brings about the differentiation within their system of homonyms, on one hand, polysemantic words and words with wide semantics, on the other, with their indirectly tied meanings. The identity of the specifying element which remains after the compression of the word combination and loss of the specified word, together with its role as a semantic link tying identical forms unites univerbalization and semantic derivation. The interpretation of univerbs as polysemantic units is supported by hypero-hyponymic, frame, etc. relations between their meanings. Polysemantic univerbs thus become an integral part of the class of polysemantic derivatives while the specific nature of the semantic relationship between their meanings which unites univerbs and affixal derivatives is a semantic feature which draws a line between polysemantic derivatives and polysemantic simple words characterized by the immediate ties of their meanings
На Поклонку – с Кутузы? Кутузки? Кутузовки? (к вопросу о вариативности и омонимии универбатов в московской топонимике)
Get PDFThe article discusses univerbation as a productive way of slang names of complex on Poklonnaya Hill and lead to it Kutuzovsky Prospekt formation .
If Poklonnaya Hill in the slang version is always Poklonka, Kutuzov Avenue is named differently, the three most common variant: Kutuza, Kutuzka, Kutuzovka. The first is found only in social networks, the second in networks and the official press. The third option, Kutuzovka, can be found either in fiction. Observation of conversational speech lead to the conclusion that this is the most common correlate of name. The considered lexical units differ in stylistic nuances and connotations, from neutral to conversational reduced. In addition, two of the three varant are homonyms: the kutuzka (bull-pen) is a “prison, prisoner detention”, and Kutuzovka is the name of 13 villages in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia. Homonymy universitv provides the opportunity for language play, but this opportunity is rarely used
Authorial changes to the biblical text: quotations in sermons by Simeon of Polotsk
Get PDFThe article is devoted to a linguistic analysis of biblical quotations from the collection of sermons “Obied dushevnyi” (1681), compiled by the first court preacher Simeon of Polotsk (1629–1680). More than one third of all the identified quotations can be characterized as inexact quotations: they demonstrate the author’s interference with grammar, word order, and lexis of the biblical text. Such changes in biblical texts, introduced by Simeon, can be conditioned by several causes, among which are the influence of the revision of liturgical books, the influence of textual models in other languages, and the rhetorics and pragmatics of a sermon as a literary genre. The article focuses on the most significant linguistic changes to the biblical text introduced by Simeon: changes made in the context of the revision of liturgical books, and changes that continue and develop the revision, and apply it in a more consistent way. In addition, changes connected to the rhetorics and pragmatics of a sermon as a literary genre are briefly listed. The linguistic analysis of biblical texts in “Obied” provided in the article forms a base for further complex linguistic and philological research on the language of Simeon’s sermons