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Gustaw Herling-Grudziński Dnevnik pisan noću (ruski za logor, engleski za rat, italijanski za tuđinu, poljski za noć). Ne prevoditi da bi se razumjelo
Get PDFLiterature may stand in opposition to any theory, and so, even those theories which are marked by conspicuous theses, hardly provide readers with sufficient, compelling interpretations. Gustaw Herling-Grudziński in his Diary Written at Night assumes the reader’s vantage point. He writes of what he sees, reads, and what he can remember, but also of what is really important. In the Diary we may witness a Pole who, despite being an outstanding intermediary, does not take liberty to explain in order to elucidate new things, but merely reads and comprehends the world, approaching reality also by means of languages and cultures through which Goodness is expressed
Тимошук Р., Сосновський В., Яскот М., Ганошенко Ю., ЛЕКСИКОН ПОЛЬСЬКОЇ ТА УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ АКТИВНОЇ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЇ, Варшава: KJV Digital, 2018, 310 с.
No full textA review of book Тимошук Р., Сосновський В., Яскот М., Ганошенко Ю., ЛЕКСИКОН ПОЛЬСЬКОЇ ТА УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ АКТИВНОЇ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЇ, Варшава: KJV Digital, 2018, 310 с
Прототипи перцептивних ознак у векторі лінгвістичної об’єктивації
No full textThe article focuses on the analysis of the methods of detection and research of the prototypes. The dependence of the prototype on the category selected for analysis has been proved. There are three main categories in which the perceptual feature is objectifi ed: the actual category of perceptual sign, the category of perceptual representatives, the category of the semantic field of the perceptual sign. Accordingly, the lexical, reference and semantic prototypes of the trait sign have been distinguished
Where and When did the Novgorodian Savva Gather the Tribute?
Get PDFThe article contains historical and linguistic commentary to the Novgorod birch-bark letter #724. In [Петрухин 2009] the author criticized the long-established interpretation of this well-known document offered by Valentin Yanin and Andrey Zaliznyak (НГБ X; ДНД2). The present paper develops the ideas expressed in [Петрухин 2009], supports them with new arguments and puts forward an alternative interpretation of the document. The main theses of the interpretation of Yanin and Zaliznyak have been revised. According to them, the birch-bark letter mentions the Novgorod posadnik Zakhariya and the Suzdal prince Andrey Bogolyubsky, the events mentioned happen in the remote northern parts of the Novgorod state, the letter dates from 1161‒1167, and the situation with the reduced vowels is considered “transitional”, i.e., one reflecting the process of the fall and vocalization of the reduced vowels in progress. In the present article the author argues that no historical persons are mentioned in the letter, the situation takes place in the southern parts of the Novgorod territory (on the land belonging to Novgorod princes), the document dates from the early 13th century and its language is “late Old Russian” (with the chanting effect in the postscript to the letter). The article also provides a detailed analysis of the critical remarks of Gippius and Zaliznjak with respect to [Петрухин 2009]
Analysis of Lexical Features of the Russian and English Languages in the Sphere of Information Technologies
Get PDFThe aim of the article is the analysis of the language of information technologies, the identification and description of its main features and its formation process. Lexical units of the language of information technologies and computer terms are studied on the basis of academic, technical and popular Russian and English scientific texts. Unlike the language of mass media, business, scientific, advertising, political, pedagogical, artistic, domestic and other discourses, the language of information technologies has not been sufficiently researched. There are practically no systematic and consistent works devoted to its formation. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the focus on the study of modern language tools that reflect the development of information and communication technologies for the effective implementation of professional communication in the context of globalization. The research employs general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization, as well as the method of electronic search in multimedia dictionaries and Internet resources. The article reveals the process of the formation of the language of information technologies: the emergence of the English neologisms and the adaptation of English-language borrowings in the Russian language. It also analyses the general use of modern computer terminology and its functioning in scientific discourse. The author concludes that the language in the field of information technology is constantly contributing to the lexical and phraseological systems of Russian and other languages, borrowing and accumulating English terms through replication, trans-literation, transcription and other means of translation. In the process of the formation of the IT language, the appearance of numerous slang and jargon terms is observed
Интерпретация реалий при переводе сакрального текста: языковой и экстралингвистический аспекты
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to study the issue of key features of the so-called cultural words (realia) in sacred texts (the Bible is taken as an example) as well as a distinctive nature of their cross-language transfer. This problem is essential not only for the Bible translation as such but it also enables to clarify some aspects related to the representation of the vocabulary with cultural identity in the target language that is explained by the very nature of the Old and New Testaments containing a wide variety of the realia that refer directly to a religious cult and to the everyday life of Palestinian people and their neighborhood in the Bible times. The material for the present research includes versions of the Holy Writ created in different periods in a number of languages (Latin, Church Slavonic, Russian and English). While analyzing, the classical trans-lations labelled often as “national” ones have been used (the King James Bible, Synodal Translation), as well and the versions created in the 20th and 21st centuries. The main approach applied herein is the identifying of the corresponding units in the said Bible texts, the ascertainment of the possibility of their ambivalent interpretation, the correlation within the considered versions of translation, the determination of translation strategies used for representing the realia and their comparative analysis. When considering the options presented, special attention has been paid to extra-linguistic factors, since they often play a decisive role in solving the said task. The key results of the made survey can be formulated as follows: 1) since translations could have been made from different versions of the source text, there are cases when certain realia are available in some translations but are missing in others; 2) the use of transcription / trans-literation of the realia in Russian versions of the Old Testament in some cases is determined by their representation in the Greek and Church Slavonic texts of the Bible and therefore in both the Synodal and the new translations they can be presented in a form different from that available in European languages; 3) the representation of the Greek word diopetês (fallen from heaven) as the proper name Diopet in the Synodal Translation is usually qualified as an elementary mistake, but it could have been also provoked by an inten-tion to follow Greek and Church Slavonic traditions; 4) the existence of the so-called ‘undefined realia’ in the source text, an exact meaning of which is not known, causes their various interpretations in the target language; 5) during the analysis of the units of the target language used in the translation of the Holy Writ, the diachronic aspect must be taken into account considering, on the one hand, the possibility of losing or changing the meaning in the course of linguistic evolution, and on the other hand, avoiding vesting the reality with the meaning that it could not have; 6) a number of translations made in recent decades are characterized by a pronounced pragmatic orientation, in some cases causing a significant neutralization of the national-cultural specificity or its adaptation to the corresponding cultural environment, the degree of admissibility of which in some cases is controversial. The above items enable to clarify a number of aspects related to the methods of translating the realia and the importance of such aspects for attaining the transla-tion adequacy
Смешение языков в семейном общении (на примере Кипра, Швеции и Эстонии)
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to highlight translanguaging practices in the home among bilingual/multilingual Russian-speaking children and their parents in Cyprus, Sweden and Estonia. Multilingual families are the focus of our research: 50 in Cyprus, 20 in Estonia and 50 in Sweden. Using parental written question-naires with the focus on general background, socio-economic status and language proficiency, as well as oral semi-structured interviews and ethnographic participant observation, our study attempts to describe how family language policy is managed through translanguaging and literacy activities in multilingual Russian-speaking families in three different cultural and linguistic environments. Our results show both differences and similarities among Russian-speakers in the three countries, not only in their family language practices, but also in their attitudes towards the fluidity of language, language repertoires, translanguaging and Russian-language literacy. Russian-speakers incorporate a wide range of language repertoires in their everyday lives. Sometimes, such language contacts generate power struggles and the language ideological dimension becomes a key terrain to explore how speakers feel about the need to effectively attain a degree of multilingualism. Multilingualism and the maintenance of the Russian language and culture are usually encouraged, and parents often choose the one-parent-one-language approach at home. However, not all families make conscious choices regarding specific language management and may have “laissez-faire” attitudes to the use of languages in the family. We show how family language use and child-directed translanguaging can support, expand and enhance dynamic bilingualism/multilingualism, and reinforce and integrate minority language in a wider context: societal and educational
Эрик Краг: студенческие годы в советской России
Get PDFErik Krag was the first Norwegian professor of Slavic literatures. The article Erik Krag: his student years in Soviet Russia presents earlier unknown and unpublished facts about his stays, including the chronological frames, in Moscow and Leningrad as a young student. These facts are evident from archive material, deposited in Oslo, Moscow and St Petersburg. The article also demonstrates that the founder of the yaphetic theory N. Ya. Marr showed interest in the young Norwegian scholar
“The Great Turkes Defiance” Revisited
Get PDFFour decades after his monograph on the apocryphal correspondence of the Ottoman sultan was published, the author reviews the previous study of the subject, the origins of his book, its skeptical reception then, and the current acceptance of its main argument that most of the Russian versions of that correspondence are translations from Western European pamphlets and newspapers. Recent scholarship has located additional proof, and the current article presents further information which should help identify the sources for some of the Russian texts
Парадигматичні та синтагматичні зв'язки як вияв системності бібліїзмів української мови
No full textThe article is aimed at studying of the systematic (syntagmatic and paradigmatic) ties of the lexical and phraseological bibleisms in the Ukrainian language. It has been proved that the change of the syntagmatic relations infl uences the paradigmatic ones; as a result, the bibleisms are desacralized, andenanthisemia, antonymy, homonymy and the reintegration of meanings appear. The bibleisms are characterized by synonymy, polysemy and variability, hyper-hyponymy that also prove their systemicity