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(Literary) Capital of the Russian Arctic: Murmansk in Russian Literature
Full text linkIn this article, I examine depictions of the city of Murmansk in Soviet and contemporary Russian literature: how different works describe Murmansk’s liminal location and role as a frontier city in the Russian Arctic. I approach this question by analyzing three themes central in the texts about Murmansk: 1) future visions of the city, 2) the role of the sea/ocean and the port in the city life, and 3) depictions of the geographical location and natural surroundings of the city. I ask how the image of the city may have changed during the last century and how different actors and places in the city space influence the urban experiences of the protagonists. The Arctic became “a key component of the modern mythology” in the Soviet Union in the 1930s (McCannon 1998: 81). This “Arctic myth”, examined extensively by John McCannon (1998, 2003), is an important context for my study. I am interested in the role of urbanization, focusing on the city of Murmansk, in the Arctic myth and in conquering the North in the 1930s. I also cover questions about the relationship between gender and urban space in this Arctic city text.
My theoretical frameworks come from literary urban studies, geocriticism, ecocriticism and semiotics. I analyze Soviet texts in parallel with the contemporary material. The geocritic Bertrand Westphal proposes the geocentered approach to texts: “the geocritical study of literature is not organized around texts or authors but around geographic sites” (Prieto 2011: 20, italics mine). According to Westphal, analyzing a single text or a single author makes the study of a place lopsided, and geocritical study should emphasize the space more than an observer (Westphal 2011: 126, 131, italics mine). Applying Westphal’s geocentered approach to texts, I analyze depictions of Murmansk in multiple texts from different authors and decades. I prefer this kind of approach because exploring different eras’ texts about Murmansk, I want to give a comparative perspective to the history of Murmansk as a literary city
Концептосфера здоров’я в українській мовній картині світу
Full text linkThe study of the conceptual domain of ZDOROVJA ‘health’ in the Ukrainian linguaculture is carried out by creating a cognitive definition, which is based on the verbalization means of this conceptual domain in the system of the Ukrainian language, text data, and revealing of correlative conceptual structures in the minds of speakers. The article presents the first-stage of this definition creation, namely the language system data analysis based on the lexicographical sources
Интерпретация ассоциативных данных как проблема методологии психолингвистики
Full text linkAssociative experiments uncover people’s active attitude to the world represented by language means that determines their relevant strategies of verbal activity and mediates the specifics of their world conceptualiza-tion. A word’s associative field modeled on the basis of experimental data is a psychological structure of a word’s content that is relevant for native speakers. Associative meaning distinguished via the analysis of distribution of reactions to a stimulus word proves to be an effective method of discovering emerging trends in the change of word meanings. The author researches the issue of data interpretation in associative experiments. Despite the long history of usage, the notion “associative field” and the correlation of stimulus and reaction are often interpreted in different ways because, firstly, they model the most complex processes of speech activity; secondly, most of suggested typologies of associates do not have a common syste-matization criterion, which hinders the usage of such classifications in research practice and sometimes leads to an ambiguous interpretation of associative data. Therefore, the author argues that classifications of associates should be developed depending on: (1) characteristics of psycholinguistic/linguistic object researched through an associative experiment; (2) isomorphism of speech and the activity it accompanies; (3) characteristics of mental supports in the cognitive process; (4) the way of representation of these supports. Such criteria of classification require an analysis of the correlation between stimulus and reaction as a unit of association. This correlation is a separate speech act where the stimulus is a motive producing the reaction and the associate expresses the author’s communicative intention. This helps to establish motives of associating and thus acquire a more veracious database for modelling different components of speech activity and its overall production/ comprehension processes. Besides, this approach justifies the principles of worldview modelling. The author presents theoretical and methodological grounds for an effective analysis of associates on the basis of a psycholinguistic object defined by several parameters: strategy of association, dominant psychological function of a language sign that realizes the strategy and the motive of activity explicated in associates
Говорить устами Бахтина: две интерпретации косвенной речи (ответ К. Годдарду и А. Вежбицкой [2018])
Full text linkVološinov ([1929]1973) is one of the most frequently cited works in studies on reported speech, but its interpretation varies considerably between authors. Within the linguistic anthropological tradition, its central message is often conflated with Erving Goffman’s ‘speaker roles’, and in a recent publication, Goddard and Wierzbicka (2018) marry ideas they attribute to Vološinov (1973) and Mikhail M. Bakhtin to those by the formal semanticist Donald Davidson. Responding to Goddard and Wierzbicka (2018) (and a shorter version of a similar argument in Goddard and Wierzbicka (2019), this paper seeks to explore the philo-sophical foundations of reported speech research, particularly in relation to Vološinov/Bakhtin. It suggests that reported speech research is motivated by two fundamentally distinct goals, one here labelled ‘Fregean’ and the other ‘Bakhtinian’. Questions and methods used in both of these research traditions lead to two radically different understandings of reported speech. This affects the applicability of the definition of direct/indirect speech Goddard and Wierzbicka (2018) propose. It also motivates an alternative approach to reported speech advocated by the current author and others that is criticised by Goddard and Wierzbicka (2018). The article further seeks to rehabilitate the analysis of Wierzbicka (1974), which Goddard and Wierzbicka (2018) partially reject. Whereas Wierzbicka (1974) treats direct and indirect speech as constructions of English, Goddard and Wierzbicka (2018) elevate the opposition to a universal, which belies the cultural sensitivity to semantic variation the authors display in other work. The paper concludes with a brief note about the semantic status of ‘say’ in Australian languages and states that the relevance of Vološinov ([1929]1973) is undiminished, also in the light of recent developments in language description. It remains a highly original study whose implications are yet to fully impact research on reported speech
Толерантність в українській лінгвокультурі (аналіз лексикографічних джерел)
Full text linkThe appeal to the research of the concept of tolerance in Ukrainian linguaculture is due to the fact that the phenomenon of tolerance has a high social significance in the modern world and serve as an important component of all communicative process levels from public to interpersonal. The author considers tolerance as a general axiological category, which is actualized in the cognitive concept of tolerance. The article describes the features of verbalization of the concept of tolerance in the Ukrainian language worldview based on the dictionaries of modern Ukrainian language
Дидактичні моделі формування багатомовної особистості: модель факторів і функціональна модель
No full textThe article focuses on the analysis of the didactic models of the multilingual personality formation. The factor model and the functional model of the multilingual personality formation have been characterized. The essence of the factor model consists in the system of external and internal factors that play an important role in the process of learning foreign languages. The main characteristics of the factor model are: a multistage structure and the chronological order of the different factors systematization. The essence of the functional model has been singled out. This essence consists in the influence of the fi rst foreign language on the second, third foreign languages during the process of speaking
Семантичний критерій визначення контекстів поетоніма
No full textThe article deals with the identification and analysis of the contexts of the poetonym, which are supposed to identify onymization, as well as the category of the onym. It also studies the contexts which reveal semantization, emphasis and poetic etymology of the poetonyms. The given contexts are capable of creating collective imagery proper name – text by explaining the circumstances of the naming process, revealing the correspondence of the name to the object named, creating game effect, parodying, etc
Male vs Female in the mirror of Russian Dual Christian Naming (16th–17th Centuries)
Full text linkThe paper deals with the special features of Russian dual Christian naming—that is, the practice of giving a lay person an additional Christian name, other than his/her baptismal name. In the Middle Ages in Russia, a man could not under any circumstances get a female anthroponym as a second Christian name, and a woman, respectively, could not get a male anthroponym. In particular, no variations with respect to the calendar tradition, which transform male names into female names and vice versa, were allowed. This markedly contraposes the choice of the second Christian name for a lay woman to the choice of the monastic name for a nun. The work examines a number of incidents that would seem to violate this rigor of the gender distribution of anthroponyms, and discusses a number of related problems associated with the multiplicity of personal names in pre-Petrine Rus’
Distinguishing quantitative parameters of author’s language and style (a case of Ivan Franko long prose fiction)
Full text linkThe article is dedicated to precise analysis of distinguishing quantitative parameters of author’s language and style. Such an analysis is made for Ivan Franko long prose fiction for the first time. The frequency dictionary of all nine Ukrainian novels by Ivan Franko was compiled on the material of an electronic text corpus with an external and internal markup. It can be considered as a statistical combinatory model of Franko’s style as well as a lingual statistical portrait of his long prose fiction. The following parameters were obtained: vocabulary sizes, variety, exclusiveness, concentration indexes, the amount of hapax legomena, their occupation of text and vocabulary, amount of words in text with frequency 10 and higher, their occupation of text and vocabulary. They were compared with those of text corpus of Ukrainian general long prose fiction
O problematyce kobiecej na płaszczyźnie językowej w kontekście zagadnienia równych szans w Polsce, Rosji i Bułgarii
Full text linkThis article aims to outline issues related to equal treatment of women and men that can be observed at the language level in Poland, Russia and Bulgaria. So far, the Polish, Russian and Bulgarian languages have not been subjected to a comparative analysis with regard to the use of feminitives. The article provides a contrastive analysis of names for professions and functions as well as certain linguistic conventions in the languages in question. Drawing on extensive linguistic material, the authors’ research exposes the problem of linguistic asymmetry in the creation of female names in the three Slavic languages representing the Western, Western and Southern groups respectively