Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
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Climate sensitivity of Abies alba Mill. in marginal Mediterranean low-elevation stands reveals new insights into the ecological potential of the species
No full textUnderstanding the ecological needs of forest tree species at the warm edge of their range can provide valuable information for management strategies in a warming climate. Here, we carried out a dendroecological study focusing on submediterranean and mesomediterranean low elevation (i.e., 30-800 m asl) marginal stands of Abies alba Mill. (silver fir) under warm mean July-August temperatures of 23-25 degrees C. Such marginal stands are compared to an Apennine core stand at 1450 m asl in central Italy amid the climatic niche with optimal growing conditions. Additionally, we used understory vegetation surveys to assess local growing conditions. During periods of low growth rates, the growth of low-elevation stands is significantly influenced by both short-term current-year climatic signals (monthly to seasonal; immediate effect on growth) and long-term (pluriannual) cumulative signals, whereas the strength of the climatic influence progressively increases from the monthly to the multi-annual scale. Trees are adversely affected by high summer and early autumn temperatures and drought and benefit from sufficient rainfall in late summer, autumn, and early winter, in addition to spring rainfall. Moreover, when temperature and moisture are high, low-elevation stands likely benefit from a prolonged late growing season. These findings illustrate that the growth of A. alba at low elevations is rather limited by moisture availability than high temperatures. In contrast, silver fir in the cooler and moister uppermost reference stand was less affected by current year drought and cumulative climatic effects. Our results confirm the potential of A. alba to thrive under warm climates, as previously evidenced by palaeoecological data and dynamic modelling. However, in Mediterranean ecosystems, this capacity is modulated by local growing conditions, highlighting the need for site-oriented management strategies
Caratterizzazione geotecnica e monitoraggio degli argini fluviali per l’analisi della suscettibilità al sifonamento
No full textLa presenza dei fontanazzi lungo gli argini fluviali, ossia di zone di fuoriuscita di sabbia fluidificata che si accumula sul piano campagna, rappresenta il tipico indizio dell’innesco e della progressione di un processo noto come “erosione retrogressiva per sottofiltrazione”. Il fenomeno, caratterizzato dalla formazione di piccoli canali che dal piede dell’argine si sviluppano a ritroso verso il fiume, può condurre alla rottura arginale. Specifiche condizioni stratigrafiche predispongono all’insorgenza di questo processo, generalmente legato agli eventi di piena. In Italia, lungo il fiume Po, sono stati rilevati oltre 130 fontanazzi. Fra i tratti arginali più documentati vi è quello di Boretto, con fontanazzi “storici” e “relitti”. La presente memoria descrive le numerose informazioni raccolte per questo sito mediante indagini geotecniche e attività di monitoraggio, e discute l’affidabilità di noti metodi di analisi per valutare la suscettibilità arginale al sifonamento
Cognitive translation and interpreting studies – an evolving research area and a thriving community of practice
No full textIn this introduction we look at the evolving research area of Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies (CTIS) through the lens of articles which report on cutting edge research in a variety of multilectal mediated communicative events. Seven contributions in this issue expand the frame of Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies with detailed, empirically grounded accounts of how language and mind interact in mediated communication. The new empirical evidence challenges key concepts, such as cognitive effort or translation expertise, and sheds light on overlooked areas of translation reception and accessibility research. Although the studies vary in topic and methods, they converge on a more sophisticated view of cognition in multilectal mediated communication which underscores its complexity and dynamics. The findings point to two overarching trends in CTIS research: (1) conceptual progress and (2) methodological sophistication. The contributors to this special issue are all mid- and early-career researchers and the development of their research expertise mirrors that of CTIS as a community of practice committed to producing knowledge based on empirical evidence and enriched by meaningful collaborative exchanges with neighboring disciplines
Preface
No full textBhūtārthakathane . . . Sarasvatī: Reading Poetry as a History Book brings together ten essays that explore a central tension in the study of historical poetry—the pull between the impulse to extract ‘hard’ historical facts from poetic texts and the need to attend to the history of poetry itself: its forms, conventions, and evolving self-awareness. The contributors present poets who were not only engaged in distinctly historical projects but were also consciously, bravely, and at times even audaciously making history themselves. They show that premodern South Asian poets deliberately reflected on their past and present while addressing future audiences, participating in literary conversations that had often been unfolding for centuries. This volume will be of interest to scholars of literary history and historical literature, as well as to anyone interested in the study of South Asian poetry
Fatal Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Common Guitarfish (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) Caused by Photobacterium damselae Subsp. damselae in a Controlled Environment
No full textElasmobranchs, including sharks and rays, are commonly housed in public aquariums due to their ecological significance and educational value. The common guitarfish (Rhinobatos rhinobatos), currently listed as ‘Critically Endangered’ by the IUCN, is particularly susceptible to population declines due to overfishing and bycatch. While generally considered robust, individuals in captivity may experience stress-related health issues, increasing their susceptibility to infectious diseases. This study investigates a mortality event affecting three 20-year-old guitarfish kept in a public aquarium. The fish exhibited respiratory distress and ataxia before sudden death. Necropsy findings included external hemorrhages and severe hemorrhagic enteritis. Bacteriological analyses identified Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae in all specimens through MALDI-TOF and PCR sequencing, while parasitological tests and RT-PCR for Betanodavirus were negative. Histopathology revealed bacterial aggregates in the gills, heart and kidney, consistent with systemic bacterial septicemia. P. damselae subsp. damselae is an opportunistic marine pathogen known to cause hemorrhagic septicemia in various fish species. This case represents the first documented occurrence of fatal P. damselae subsp. damselae septicemia in captive guitarfish. Understanding the impact of infectious diseases in confined environments is essential for improving the health management of endangered elasmobranchs in aquariums and conservation programs
Understanding workability of low carbon cements through advanced water detection techniques
No full text: Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) is a sustainable alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), capable of significantly reducing CO2 emissions. However, the mechanisms by which calcined clay affects fresh-state workability are not yet fully understood. In this study, different cements were formulated with variable content of calcined clay to investigate its effect on workability and early hydration. Advanced techniques, including 1H Time-Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD-NMR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), were applied to detect free water in fresh pastes and compared with rheological measurements. Results indicate that increasing the calcined clay content leads to rapid consumption of free water which in turn substantially raises superplasticizer demand, as shown by mortar flow-table tests, and alters paste rheology, as measured by rheometer. Analyses of the first hours of hydration reveal that the available free water can drop dramatically in the presence of calcined clay, providing a clear explanation for the observed increases in yield stress and viscosity. Despite these early rheological challenges, LC3 formulations achieved excellent mechanical performance at 28 days, in some cases surpassing that of OPC CEM I. These findings highlight the dual role of calcined clay in modifying fresh-state behavior and ensuring long-term strength
Cross-correlated experimental and theoretical characterisation of orpiment As2S3, a potential material for new advanced technological applications
No full textIn the ever-growing search for new materials in optical, electronic and photovoltaic applications, chalcogenides, such as amorphous diarsenic trisulfide (As2S3), are being deeply investigated. However, very few and incomplete data are available on crystalline As2S3 (space group P21/n), known as mineral orpiment. In the present work, several experimental techniques were employed to analyse the crystal structure, morphology, chemical composition and vibrational properties of the bulk and mechanically cleaved (010) orpiment surface. Also, cross-correlated atomic-scale ab initio simulations corroborated and explained the new experimental data. Orpiment showed a semiconducting behaviour, with an indirect band gap of 2.44 eV and an optical Γ-Γ gap of 2.63 eV, which agrees with previous optical-absorption edge measurements. Furthermore, the complete stiffness tensor and the phonon band structure were reported for the first time. All these quantities are of utmost importance for devising new possible applications of crystalline orpiment in the technological and materials science fields
La noción de publicidad relevante a los efectos de la integración contractual prevista en el artículo 61 del texto refundido de consumidores y en otras normas sectoriales afines
No full textAccording to Article 61 of Consolidated Text of the General Law on Consumers and Users (TRLGDCU), the content of advertising is integral to the contract, in the sense that the consumer is entitled to demand that the trader complies with the advertising content even if it does not form part of the contractual document. This paper analyses the concept of advertising which is relevant for the purposes of this provision, since not all advertising contents are suitable for the consumer-contractor to be able to successfully exercise the power of contractual integration conferred by the aforementioned article 61. Naturally, the conclusions reached on this issue are also valid for other sectoral rules on the advertising integration of the contract. Specifically, we refer to those governing the areas of purchase and sale and rental of housing, as well as package travel, which, like the referred Article 61 TRLGDCU, also confer contractual relevance to advertising.Según el artículo 61 del Texto Refundido de Consumidores (TRLGDCU), el contenido de la publicidad integra el contrato, en el sentido de que el consumidor está facultado para exigir al empresario que cumpla los contenidos publicitarios aun cuando estos no formen parte del documento contractual. En este trabajo se analiza el concepto de publicidad relevante a los efectos de dicho precepto, pues no todos los contenidos publicitarios son aptos para que el contratante-consumidor pueda ejercitar con éxito la facultad de integración contractual que le confiere el antecitado artículo 61. Como es natural, las conclusiones obtenidas sobre esta cuestión son válidas también para otras normas sectoriales en materia de integración publicitaria del contrato. Nos referimos, en concreto, a las que rigen en los ámbitos de la compraventa y el arrendamiento de vivienda, así como de los viajes combinados, que, al igual que el referido artículo 61 TRLGDCU, también confieren relevancia contractual a la publicidad
Tra realismo e modernismo: le tecniche narrative de "Il ponte della Ghisolfa" di Giovanni Testori
No full textL’articolo propone una lettura critica della raccolta di racconti Il ponte della Ghisolfa (1958) di Giovanni Testori che mira a dimostrare come il realismo della narrazione sia solo apparente. Attraverso una disamina delle tecniche narrative messe in campo dallo scrittore milanese, vengono evidenziati i significativi addentellati di quest’opera con la grande tradizione del romanzo modernista (non solo italiano) e con le avanguardie storiche (in particolare il Surrealismo). Dall’analisi si delinea il quadro di un’opera sotto diversi aspetti sperimentale e innovativa (soprattutto rispetto al Neorealismo, a quel tempo ormai in crisi), nonché capace di contribuire in maniera significativa al rinnovamento del panorama letterario italiano della seconda parte del Novecento
Life cycle assessment of a DC-LINK capacitor used for automotive applications
No full textIn the automotive sector, which is increasingly focused on reducing its environmental impact, limited attention has been given to power systems and components involved in vehicle electrification. This study aims to propose a cradle-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) applied to a DC-LINK capacitor (dimensions 130 mm∗48 mm∗247 mm and expected reference service life - RSL of 8000 h of driving), manufactured by a leading company in the sector. The aim of the research is filling existing gaps concerning the material composition of DC-LINKs and relative environmental impacts. The analysis examines the contributions of the various materials within the product and develops sensitivity scenarios to evaluate the influence of electricity used during manufacturing and the benefits associated with using secondary materials instead of virgin ones. The Climate Change impacts estimated for the Baseline scenario resulted in 9.50 kg CO2 eq per DC-LINK produced, with material components contributing 88.2 %. The complete hotspot analysis highlighted a general significant influence of the material components, which accounted for at least 57.8 % across all 18 environmental categories examined. The minimal contribution of electricity is justified by the company's decision to use a fully renewable energy mix. The use of secondary copper and aluminium proved advantageous, as it can reduce the climate change impacts of the finished product by 10–14 % with respect to the Baseline. In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of considering the entire life cycle when assessing the sustainability of components used in the automotive sector and identifying the best strategies for reducing their impacts