Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna
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CONSIDERAZIONI INTORNO AL 'TEMPUS CONCEPTIONIS' E ALLA NUOVA VITA: FRA PARTO MATURO, PRECOCE E SEROTINO
No full textNell’esperienza giuridica romana molteplici erano i problemi giuridici,
filosofici e biologici connessi alla nascita e alla maturità gestazionale.
Partendo dai concetti-chiave di ‘vita’ e ‘vitalità’, il saggio si
prefigge di individuare il momento a partire dal quale la nascita poteva
considerarsi perfezionata, soffermandosi sulle conseguenze che
sarebbero discese da parti precoci o serotini. Particolare attenzione
viene pertanto dedicata ai benefici – primo tra tutti il riconoscimento
dello status di figlio legittimo – che sarebbero spettati ai feti maturi
purché nati vivi e provvisti di fattezze umane
CarducciOnline, AlmaMater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, http://site.unibo.it/carduccionline/it, responsabile scientifico F. Florimbii, 2023-in corso
No full textLa rassegna analizza il progetto digitale CarducciOnline (https://site.unibo.it/carduccionline/it), portale monografico dedicato a Giosue Carducci, collocandolo nel più ampio tentativo della filologia moderna di garantire l’affidabilità dei testi e dei dati diffusi in rete. Il contributo ne illustra la struttura, le risorse e i progetti scientifici connessi, mettendo in luce il ruolo del sito nel rilancio degli studi carducciani e nel recupero di un autore progressivamente messo ai margini del canone letterario italiano, anche in una prospettiva di modello replicabile.The review examines the digital project CarducciOnline (https://site.unibo.it/carduccionline/it), a monographic portal dedicated to Giosue Carducci, situating it within the broader effort of modern philology to ensure the reliability of texts and data disseminated online. The article outlines its structure, resources, and related scholarly projects, highlighting the site’s role in revitalizing Carducci studies and in the recovery of an author who has been progressively marginalized within the Italian literary canon, also from the perspective of a replicable model
TO-SYN-FUEL Project to Convert Sewage Sludge in Value-Added Products: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment
No full textSecond-, third-, and fourth-generation biofuels represent an important response to the challenges of clean energy supply and climate change. In this context, the Horizon 2020 “TO-SYN-FUEL” project aimed to produce advanced biofuels together with phosphorus from municipal wastewater sludge through a combination of technologies including a Thermo-Catalytic Reforming system, Pressure Swing Adsorption for hydrogen separation, Hydrodeoxygenation, and biochar gasification for phosphorous recovery. This article presents the environmental performance results of the demonstrator installed in Hohenberg (Germany), with a capacity of 500 kg per hour of dried sewage sludge. In addition, four alternative scenarios are assessed, differing in the source of additional thermal energy used for sludge drying: natural gas, biogas, heat pump, and a hybrid solar greenhouse. The environmental performance of these scenarios is then compared with that of conventional fuel. The comparative study of these scenarios demonstrates that the biofuel obtained through wood gasification complies with the Renewable Energy Directive, while natural gas remains the least sustainable option. Heat pumps, biogas, and greenhouse drying emerge as promising alternatives to align biofuel production with EU sustainability targets. Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge ash proves essential for compliance, offering clear environmental benefits. Although sewage sludge is challenging due to its high water content, it represents a valuable feedstock whose sustainable management can enhance both energy recovery and nutrient recycling
Michael Nicholl Yahgulanaas: sperimentazione, attivismo e identità Haida
No full textQuesto contributo vuole fornire una breve panoramica dell’opera di Micheal Nicoll Yahgulanaas, un artista che unisce nelle sue produzioni linguaggi e sperimentazioni d’avanguardia con la tradizione Haida, dando vita ad artefatti ibridi, capaci di collegare passato, presente e futuro, culture indigene, asiatiche ed euro-americane. In qualità di artista visivo Yahgulanaas sperimenta e gioca con forme diverse tra loro (l’arte pubblica, la performance multimediale, la pittura, il fumetto), creando un dialogo che porta l’artista a ripensare teorie e pratiche già consolidate in canoni coloniali e in culture dominanti. Ci si sofferma, in particolare, su due tipologie di prodotti artistici: gli Haida Manga (un genere coniato dallo stesso Yahgulanaas) e alcune installazioni che recuperano materiali di scarto provenienti dall’industria automobilistica. Al fine di contestualizzare l’opera di Yahgulanaas vengono discussi sia il ruolo estetico e politico dell’ibridismo sia l’impegno civico ed ambientalista dell’autore, che, oltre ad essere un acclamato artista visivo contemporaneo, è stato membro del Consiglio della Nazione Haida, conducendo battaglie politiche importanti per l’ambiente, la giustizia sociale e la costruzione di comunità eque. L’impegno civico e ambientale di Yahgulanaas viene discusso partendo da alcune delle sue prime produzioni, tra cui la serie underground a fumetti Tales of the Raven
Advancing iodine thruster technology: insights and objectives of project BOOST
No full textRecently, BOOST (Building blOcks for iOdine thruSTers) a research initiative funded
by the European Union (GA-101135216), kickstarted. The primary goal of BOOST
is to advance and endorse iodine electric propulsion technology, positioning it
as a crucial element to enhance the SmallSat market. In the last decade, SmallSats
(under 500 kg) have transformed the space market by offering much more affordable
access to space than medium-to-large systems. This trend is anticipated to grow
in the coming years. Solid iodine propellant has shown potential as a key technology
for establishing Electric Propulsion (EP) in the SmallSat sector. However, the broad
adoption of this technology is still limited by its low maturity. To lay the foundation
for future commercialization of iodine-based EP, the BOOST project will employ
a modular approach in order to tackle the development of fundamental building
blocks for this type of propulsion
Perception and management of the understorey vegetation by chestnut growers: the study case of the chestnut orchards in the Bologna and Modena Apennines (Italy)
No full textIn southern Europe, traditionally managed chestnut orchards are iconic landscapes and habitats rich in biodiversity. They consist of a spaced stand of grafted chestnut trees for fruit production and a herbaceous understorey layer. Management practises play a key role in maintaining and shaping the understorey vegetation layer, which supports most of the vegetation diversity. However, very little is known about thoughts, feelings, and attitudes of growers to the plant species which make up the understorey ground vegetation. To probe further on this issue, we performed qualitative socio-ecological research involving 38 growers to explore their perceptions and attitudes towards the understorey vegetation of selected chestnut orchards of the northern Apennines. Although most of the respondents were in their 60 s, they showed a wide range of cultural backgrounds and shared the common passion for chestnut cultivation. Biodiversity proved to be a difficult concept for the interviewees to understand and deal with. Nevertheless, the interviews based on both closed and open-ended questions made it possible to record 140 plant taxa. Among them, species with conspicuous flowers (e.g., orchids), species requiring management effort, and species providing practical benefits according to local tradition. Understanding and knowing the ecosystem complexity of the chestnut orchards could guide growers towards more adequate and biodiversity-enhancing management practises. There is, however, an urgent need to increase biodiversity awareness among chestnut growers (e.g., through training courses) to enhance and ensure the conservation of the traditional chestnut orchards and related biodiversity
Euclid : Photometric redshift calibration performance with the clustering-redshifts technique in the Flagship 2 simulation
No full textAims. The precision of cosmological constraints from imaging surveys hinges on an accurately estimated redshift distribution n(z) of the tomographic bins, especially their mean redshifts. We assess the effectiveness of the clustering-redshifts technique in constraining Euclid tomographic redshift bins to meet the target uncertainty of σ(⟨z⟩) < 0.002(1 + z). We inferred these mean redshifts from the small-scale angular clustering of Euclid galaxies, which were distributed into bins with spectroscopic samples localised in narrow redshift slices. Methods. We generated spectroscopic mocks from the Flagship2 simulation for the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), and the Euclid Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) spectroscopic survey. We evaluated and optimised the clustering-redshifts pipeline, and we introduced a new method for measuring the photometric galaxy bias (clustering), which is the primary limitation of this technique. Results. We have successfully constrained the means and standard deviations of the redshift distributions for all of the tomographic bins (with a maximum photometric redshift of 1.6). We achieved precision beyond the required thresholds. We have identified the main sources of bias, particularly the impact of the one-halo galaxy distribution, which imposed the minimal separation scale to be larger than 1.5 Mpc for evaluating cross-correlations. These results demonstrate that clustering-redshifts can meet the precision requirements for Euclid, and we highlighted several avenues for future improvements
Effect of Local Solidification Conditions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AlSi7Cu1.3Mg0.6 Alloy: Comparison Between Sand-Cast HIP-Treated Cylinder Head and Separately Cast Specimens
No full textThe design of complex-shaped aluminum castings, such as cylinder heads, is commonly based on mechanical data obtained from separately cast specimens. This approach may lead to inaccurate stress and fatigue life predictions by overlooking the effects of local solidification conditions and resulting heterogeneous microstructures formed in industrial casting conditions. This study investigates microstructural and mechanical properties of a sand-cast AlSi7Cu1.3Mg0.6 alloy, comparing separately cast specimens with those extracted from critical regions of a hot isostatic pressed cylinder head. Tensile and hardness measurements were related to local microstructural and fractographic features. Regions subjected to high cooling rates (e.g., the combustion chamber) showed fine secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) and a uniformly fibrous eutectic Si morphology, comparable to that of separately cast specimens. In contrast, areas with lower cooling rates (e.g., the bolt columns) exhibited SDAS values up to 2.8 times larger, coarse plate-like eutectic Si particles, and elongated intermetallic phases up to an order of magnitude larger. These microstructural differences resulted in a reduction in tensile strength by 31% and a decrease in elongation to failure and toughness up to 96%. The area fraction of intermetallics on fracture surfaces strongly correlated (R2 ≈ 0.92) with tensile strength and ductility, while yield strength remained relatively unaffected, reflecting the dominant contribution of the precipitation hardening mechanism. Results highlight the need to consider local casting conditions and resulting microstructures in mechanical assessments, providing quantitative input for more accurate process-structure-property models in the design of complex aluminum castings
Renal Complications in Solid Tumor Patients Referred to an Onconephrology Clinic: A Three-Year Italian Experience
No full textOnconephrology represents a burgeoning subspecialty within nephrology, dedicated to ensuring optimal oncological management for cancer patients with pre-existing or cancer-therapy-induced renal impairment. Epidemiological data regarding the early impact of renal function alterations in Italian oncology patients are currently lacking. This study presents a three-year single-center experience from an onconephrology clinic, evaluating patients with solid tumors and renal abnormalities, specifically acute kidney injury (AKI) or proteinuria. A total of 254 patients with solid malignancies were included. Among these, 153 (60.2%) were referred due to AKI, predominantly AKIN stages I-II, with 71 cases (46.4%) attributed to oncological treatment. Notably, antineoplastic therapy was permanently discontinued in only 27 patients (13.1%). The most frequent tumor types were pulmonary (17.5%) and gynecological (17.9%) cancers. Checkpoint inhibitors were the therapies most commonly associated with AKI. During the follow-up period, 83 of the 254 patients (34.5%) died, with 46 (55%) of these having experienced concurrent AKI, suggesting a potential risk for chronic kidney disease development. Among the surviving patients, 71% exhibited a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate of <30 ml/min. This experience underscores the intricate relationship between cancer therapies and renal function, highlighting the critical need for early and continuous onconephrological assessment in this patient population