Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia
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Una danza di corpi in trasformazione. Virgilio Sieni e la fortuna coreutica di Ovidio
No full textIl contributo analizza la ricezione delle Metamorfosi di Ovidio nella produzione coreografica di Virgilio Sieni, in particolare in Metamorphosis. L'analisi, che si incentra sulle modalità di ripresa del testo ovidiano e sulle altre letture del coreografo, si concentra alla fine sulla figura di Atteone. L'articolo è basato anche su un'intervista inedita realizzata con Sieni
Fission Track Dating of Obsidian Samples from Lipari Neolithic Settlements
No full textThe present work describes the first results of the project “Lipari Obsidian and Neolithic Human Communities in the Aeolian Islands”, which aims to study the connection be-tween obsidian sources on the island of Lipari and Neolithic populations on the Aeolian archipelago in Italy. Obsidian is a natural volcanic glass used to produce chipped tools; in the Neolithic period it was the sharpest known material and its trade played an important role in the Mediterranean area. It is thus of particular interest for tracing prehistoric trading patterns. Indeed, Lipari obsidian has a wide distribution and has been found even in southern France, Dalmatia, Sicily and mainland Italy. To reach the project goal, we considered both raw materials from different obsidian geological samples and artefacts from Neolithic settlements on the Aeolian islands, and performed fission-track dating (FT), a radiometric technique that can be used for uranium-bearing minerals and glasses. The preliminary results facilitated the age determination of geological samples, which we could relate to the different eruption phases. Archaeological samples were also dated; their link with the studied volcanic deposits and lava flows made it possible to shed some new light on raw material procurement and on the ability of the Neolithic populations to move from their locations, with particular attention to the consequences of environmental features on the first human settlements on the Aeolian islands
How good is your synthetic data? SynthRO, a dashboard to evaluate and benchmark synthetic tabular data
No full textBackground: The exponential growth in patient data collection by healthcare providers, governments, and private industries is yielding large and diverse datasets that offer new insights into critical medical questions. Leveraging extensive computational resources, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence are increasingly utilized to address health-related issues, such as predicting outcomes from Electronic Health Records and detecting patterns in multi-omics data. Despite the proliferation of medical devices based on Artificial Intelligence, data accessibility for research is limited due to privacy concerns. Efforts to de-identify data have met challenges in maintaining effectiveness, particularly with large datasets. As an alternative, synthetic data, that replicate main statistical properties of real patient data, are proposed. However, the lack of standardized evaluation metrics complicates the selection of appropriate synthetic data generation methods. Effective evaluation of synthetic data must consider resemblance, utility and privacy, tailored to specific applications. Despite available metrics, benchmarking efforts remain limited, necessitating further research in this area. Results: We present SynthRO (Synthetic data Rank and Order), a user-friendly tool for benchmarking health synthetic tabular data across various contexts. SynthRO offers accessible quality evaluation metrics and automated benchmarking, helping users determine the most suitable synthetic data models for specific use cases by prioritizing metrics and providing consistent quantitative scores. Our dashboard is divided into three main sections: (1) Loading Data section, where users can locally upload real and synthetic datasets; (2) Evaluation section, in which several quality assessments are performed by computing different metrics and measures; (3) Benchmarking section, where users can globally compare synthetic datasets based on quality evaluation. Conclusions: Synthetic data mitigate concerns about privacy and data accessibility, yet lacks standardized evaluation metrics. SynthRO provides an accessible dashboard helping users select suitable synthetic data models, and it also supports various use cases in healthcare, enhancing prognostic scores and enabling federated learning. SynthRO’s accessible GUI and modular structure facilitate effective data evaluation, promoting reliability and fairness. Future developments will include temporal data evaluation, further broadening its applicability
Punire la mera immoralità?
Get PDFLa tesi si prefigge lo scopo di rispondere a un duplice quesito: anzitutto, se sia ancora attuale il tema dell’incriminazione dell’immoralità, cioè se vi sia spazio, oggi, per tale deriva politico-criminale; secondariamente, se tale opzione possa essere unitariamente rifiutata o invece legittimata, e sulla base di quali argomentazioni.
Il lavoro pertanto approfondisce il rapporto tra diritto penale e morale, inquadrandolo nel più vasto tema delle connessioni tra diritto (non solo penale) e morale, sia sul piano giusfilosofico sia sul piano storico, attraverso il pensiero di Hart e Feinberg e le teorie penalistiche del bene giuridico e dell’harm principle, e poi supportandolo con una rassegna di fattispecie di parte speciale che, seppure non espressamente poste a tutela di una morale, possono essere ricostruite in termini di enforcement of morals, o dal punto di vista del bene giuridico che tutelano (che è intrinsecamente morale) o dal punto di vista dell’estrema anticipazione della tutela realizzata tramite l’enucleazione di un bene giuridico “ostacolo”. Sono passati in rassegna, quindi, i reati contro la morale sessuale (con un particolare approfondimento sulla pedopornografia), contro il sentimento religioso e la pietà dei defunti, contro la dignità umana e la convivenza pacifica tra diversità (con alcune riflessioni in particolare sul tema del negazionismo), infine contro l’etica degli affari. La rassegna porta all’individuazione di alcuni beni giuridici “ostacolo” maggiormente utilizzati dal legislatore per “mascherare”, dietro un’apparente conformità all’harm principle e ai principi liberali di separazione tra diritto e morale, l’enforcement of morals: la sicurezza, affermata tramite un’esasperazione della funzione general preventiva della pena, e la dignità umana.
L’indagine prosegue con l’enunciazione di alcune argomentazioni che potrebbero condurre a legittimare l’incriminazione dell’immoralità, cioè ragioni “di chiusura”, orientate sulle leve emotive della paura, del disgusto e degli stereotipi, e ragioni “di apertura”, di stampo progressista e costituzionalmente orientato.
La conclusione mira, infine, a fornire alcune argomentazioni che possano portare a rifiutare l’incriminazione dell’immoralità anche nella sua insidiosa dimensione attuale; tali ragioni trovano fondamento nei principi fondamentali del diritto penale: in particolare, i principi di offensività, extrema ratio, efficacia e uguaglianza. Il riferimento al principio di uguaglianza permette infine di sottolineare il ruolo della legge penale non come imposizione di una morale, ma come protettore della pluralità di morali
Human Cytomegalovirus Virion‐Associated mRNA as a Marker of Productive Infection in Immunocompromised Patients
No full textHuman Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) transcripts (including UL21.5 mRNA) have been found to be packaged in virions, and
their detection in plasma may indicate the presence of infectious viral particles. The objective of this study was to verify
whether UL21.5 mRNA detected in the plasma was indeed encapsulated in viral particles, representing an indirect marker
of active replication. To distinguish between virion‐packaged and free‐floating RNA, plasma samples from 22 immunocompromised
patients were tested before and after ribonuclease (RNAse) digestion. UL21.5 mRNA was detected
1–2 weeks before preemptive therapy administration in 20 episodes (from 18 patients) of clinically significant DNAemia,
while it was undetectable in three of the four patients with transient, self‐resolving DNAemia. After RNAse digestion,
UL21.5 mRNA was still detectable, with a median reduction of 0.1 (IQR: 0–0.3) Log10. Concentrations of UL21.5 mRNA in
plasma correlated significantly with HCMV DNA in whole blood or plasma (R = 0.67), and 75% of samples positive for
UL21.5 mRNA had HCMV DNA concentrations above 104 copies/mL blood or 103 copies/mL plasma. Moreover, UL21.5
mRNA was positive in patients who developed HCMV infection resistant to letermovir or maribavir, whereas it was
undetectable in the plasma of patients with transient self‐resolving DNAemia blips during letermovir prophylaxis (not
associated with drug‐resistance). HCMV UL21.5 mRNA in plasma is virion‐associated and represents a marker for
productive HCMV infection. The determination of UL21.5 mRNA could improve current strategies for the management of
HCMV infection in immunocompromised patients
The multidimensional distribution of quarks and its flavor dependence
No full textOne of the primary goals of hadronic physics is to describe the internal structure of the nucleon in terms of its constituents, quarks and gluons (collectively referred to as partons). Over the past forty years, substantial information has been gathered regarding the one-dimensional distribution of partons, encoded in the well-established collinear Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs). Recently, research has been extended to explore the three-dimensional momentum space distribution of partons, described by the so-called Transverse Momentum Dependent Distributions (TMDs). This thesis focuses on the phenomenology of TMDs, with a particular emphasis on their flavor and spin dependence.
The thesis begins by reviewing the theoretical framework necessary for the extraction of TMDs in two types of scattering processes: the Drell–Yan process and Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering , along with the relevant theoretical background on TMDs.
It then presents the first global extraction of unpolarized quark TMDs in the proton, using a flavor-dependent approach at the highest level of accuracy, Next-to-Next-to-Next-to-Leading Logarithm (NLL). This result marks a milestone, as it demonstrates the distinct transverse momentum behavior of different quark flavors within the proton.
Subsequently a similar study is conducted for unpolarized TMDs in the pion, achieving the highest available accuracy (NLL) and providing an excellent fit to the experimental data, which indicates a potential distinction in the transverse momentum behavior between sea and valence quarks in pions.
The thesis also reports the first-ever extraction of helicity quark TMDs in the proton, performed at all orders of accuracy possible. This analysis reveals non-trivial differences compared to unpolarized distributions and exhibits partial agreement with lattice QCD calculations.
Finally, the thesis addresses the evolution equations for twist-3 PDFs, which are a crucial component for studying polarized TMDs, and introduces a numerical framework developed to solve these evolution equations computationally.One of the primary goals of hadronic physics is to describe the internal structure of the nucleon in terms of its constituents, quarks and gluons (collectively referred to as partons). Over the past forty years, substantial information has been gathered regarding the one-dimensional distribution of partons, encoded in the well-established collinear Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs). Recently, research has been extended to explore the three-dimensional momentum space distribution of partons, described by the so-called Transverse Momentum Dependent Distributions (TMDs). This thesis focuses on the phenomenology of TMDs, with a particular emphasis on their flavor and spin dependence.
The thesis begins by reviewing the theoretical framework necessary for the extraction of TMDs in two types of scattering processes: the Drell–Yan process and Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering , along with the relevant theoretical background on TMDs.
It then presents the first global extraction of unpolarized quark TMDs in the proton, using a flavor-dependent approach at the highest level of accuracy, Next-to-Next-to-Next-to-Leading Logarithm (NLL). This result marks a milestone, as it demonstrates the distinct transverse momentum behavior of different quark flavors within the proton.
Subsequently a similar study is conducted for unpolarized TMDs in the pion, achieving the highest available accuracy (NLL) and providing an excellent fit to the experimental data, which indicates a potential distinction in the transverse momentum behavior between sea and valence quarks in pions.
The thesis also reports the first-ever extraction of helicity quark TMDs in the proton, performed at all orders of accuracy possible. This analysis reveals non-trivial differences compared to unpolarized distributions and exhibits partial agreement with lattice QCD calculations.
Finally, the thesis addresses the evolution equations for twist-3 PDFs, which are a crucial component for studying polarized TMDs, and introduces a numerical framework developed to solve these evolution equations computationally
From heritage to sustainability: a systematic literature review of family wineries
No full textPurpose: Family wineries are important drivers of economic development and cultural conservation, but despite the academic interest in them, a comprehensive literature review is missing. This paper aims to contribute to this gap and examine the current knowledge of family wineries to determine the main topics of the literature and the opportunities and challenges for the sustainability and competitiveness of family firms in the wine sector. Design/methodology/approach: This research uses a bibliometric and systematic literature review (SLR) to present a broad view of the academic contributions focusing on family wineries. It reviews a sample of 94 articles identified from the Scopus and Web of Science databases and selected through rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bibliometric mapping and qualitative content analysis highlight the field’s key topics and research gaps. Findings: Family wineries are characterized by strong heritage and deep relationships, which drive brand loyalty and market differentiation. Innovation, sustainability and digital transformation offer key growth opportunities to family wineries. However, excessive family control, slow adaptation to change and succession issues may challenge their capability to pursue these opportunities. Balancing global expansion with local identity, integrating sustainable practices and maintaining strategic agility are essential for long-term resilience. Success will depend on effective governance, eco-innovation and modernization while preserving tradition. Originality/value: This study provides the first bibliometric and SLR on family-owned wineries. It highlights key topics and identifies critical research gaps, suggesting future research directions. The findings have implications for family firms, policymakers and stakeholders
Parameter robust isogeometric methods for a four-field formulation of Biot’s consolidation model
No full textIn this paper, a novel isogeometric method for Biot's consolidation model is constructed and analyzed, using a four-field formulation where the unknown variables are the solid displacement, solid pressure, fluid flux, and fluid pressure. Mixed isogeometric spaces based on B-splines basis functions are employed in the space discretization, allowing a smooth representation of the problem geometry and solution fields. The main result of the paper is the proof of optimal error estimates that are robust with respect to material parameters for all solution fields, particularly in the case of nearly incompressible materials. The analysis does not require a uniformly positive storage coefficient. The results of numerical experiments in two and three dimensions confirm the theoretical error estimates and high-order convergence rates attained by the proposed isogeometric Biot discretization and assess its performance with respect to the mesh size, spline polynomial degree, spline regularity, and material parameters
The State of LGBTIQ+ Rights in Italy from a Comparative Perspective. Insights from the ILGA’s Rainbow Index
No full textA greedy MOR method for the tracking of eigensolutions to parametric elliptic PDEs
No full textIn this paper we introduce a Model Order Reduction (MOR) algorithm based on a sparse grid adaptive refinement, for the approximation of the eigensolutions to parametric problems arising from elliptic partial differential equations. In particular, we are interested in detecting the crossing of the hypersurfaces describing the eigenvalues as a function of the parameters. The a priori matching is followed by an a posteriori verification, driven by a suitably defined error indicator. At a given refinement level, a sparse grid approach is adopted for the construction of the grid of the next level, by using the marking given by the a posteriori indicator. Various numerical tests confirm the good performance of the scheme