Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia
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First‐line diagnostic tests to intercept primary heart involvement in systemic sclerosis: Clinical associations from the SPRING‐SIR registry
No full textIntroduction: Primary heart involvement (pHI) is an overlooked and poorly characterised complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), associated with the risk of heart failure, arrhythmia and death. Despite consensus definition by the World Scleroderma Foundation/Heart Failure Association (WSF/HFA), diagnostic criteria and risk factors remain poorly elucidated. Methods: Out of 1922 patients in the Italian national SPRING registry, we excluded those with potentially confounding conditions according to WSF/HFA, and those with incomplete ECG or echocardiographic assessment, resulting in 600 subjects with clearly defined parameters to intercept SSc-pHI. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed to identify factors associated with pHI. Results: ECG and/or echocardiographic signs of SSc-pHI were identified in 25% of patients at enrollment and were associated with older age (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02–1.06), diffuse cutaneous SSc (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.05–3.26) and intestinal symptoms (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.03–3.08). Diastolic dysfunction (62%) and conduction disturbances (34%) were the most frequent phenotypes, while diffuse hypokinesia with reduced ejection fraction was the least common (3%). During follow-up, new-onset signs of pHI were observed in an additional 25% of patients, particularly in those with skeletal muscle involvement (HR 2.83; 95% CI 1.01–7.73). Conclusions: pHI is a severe complication potentially affecting one-quarter of patients with SSc. Early detection is crucial, particularly in those with diffuse skin fibrosis, muscular involvement and intestinal manifestations
Strutture armoniche e articolazione formale nelle opere strumentali di Arnold Schönberg
No full textL'articolo affronta l'approccio di Schönberg all'armonia a partire dai suoi scritti e sulla base di analisi di composizioni di diverse fasi della sua produzione. Le strutture armoniche vengono messe in relazione alla configurazione dei temi e alla costruzione formale complessiva
The Transcultural dimension in Heritage Conservation
No full textBuilding Sustainable Reuse , outcome of Work Package 6 of the EC2U Alliance and funded by Erasmus+, brings together theoretical essays and case studies on sustainable reuse in architecture and construction, developed during the B.SuRe summer/winter schools.
It addresses the sustainable management of built heritage as a global priority in the face of climate change, urbanization, and resource pressure. In line with UN SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities and Communities – the book stresses the protection of cultural and natural heritage, social cohesion, and ecological responsibility.
EC2U, an alliance of nine universities and their cities, supports this vision through a Virtual Institute dedicated to SDG 11, a European Master’s in Sustainable Cities and Communities, and the training of new green-skilled professionals.
The University of Pavia contributes with its historic building heritage and research expertise, fostering a multidisciplinary approach spanning engineering, architecture, urban planning, conservation, and environmental studies
On the applicability of speckle pattern imaging combined with AI for raw milk classification
No full textThree-phase unbalanced power flow to deploy line voltage regulators in RES-rich distribution feeders: a real case study in Milano, Italy
No full textIn the era of energy transition, low-voltage distribution networks are becoming increasingly pivotal. However, technical issues related to voltage can arise due to the increasing electrification of end uses and the spread of distributed generators. On the one hand, voltage stability is a prerequisite for a stable, effective, and efficient power system operation; on the other hand, low voltage distribution networks are influenced by various types of single-phase or three-phase customers (industrial, commercial, and residential), resulting in unbalanced power flows, which cannot be overlooked, to have accurate knowledge of network state. This paper presents a real case study to address the unbalanced issues of low-voltage feeder by applying three-phase power flow algorithms. In particular, a three-phase power flow approach has been developed to address unbalanced voltage issues and explore potential solutions. The approach combines the backward-forward sweep method and the current injection method to simulate results before and after deploying a line voltage regulator. Additionally, a genetic algorithm is applied to test whether the voltage issue can be resolved without deploying the line voltage regulator, but just optimally balancing the power flow in the three phases. The proposed approach has been applied to a real study case in Milano, on a renewable energy source rich low voltage feeder affected by several under-voltage issues
Advanced medical devices for peripheral nerve regeneration using resorbable scaffolds
No full textThe peripheral nerve injuries, which represent the most common types of traumatic lesions affecting the nervous system, are highly invalidating for the patients, besides being a huge social burden [1]. This study aims to develop and evaluate potential advanced scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration by combining natural and synthetic materials with stem cells. For this purpose, Neural Crest-Derived Dental Follicle Stem Cells (FENCs) were used, due to their remarkable neurogenic differentiation capabilities [2, 3, 4]. Both commercially available and newly synthesized scaffolds were tested, and two types of culture media were used: proliferative and differentiative. Extensive in vitro analyses were conducted to evaluate the differentiation potential of FENCs both on their own and in combination with the various scaffold types. These analyses included XTT Cell Viability Assay, quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging. The natural biomaterials tested were Neuragen (Integra® LifeSciences), Endoform (Aroa® Biosurgery), and Hyaluronic Acid (HA)-based material, while the synthetic biomaterials were Tisseos (Biomedical Tissues) and a Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based material. According to the collected data, the PLGA-based material emerged as the most promising candidate for promoting peripheral neural differentiation among the tested biomaterials. Among the materials analyzed, the PLGA-Based material consistently showed the highest potential for inducing early neural differentiation and fostering progression toward mature neuronal and neuroepithelial-like phenotypes. Its performance, across both proliferative and differentiative conditions, underscores its suitability for further development in peripheral nerve regeneration. In contrast, other materials, such as Endoform and Tisseos showed some promise, but mechanical properties or inconsistent differentiation results limited them. Despite these encouraging results, the peripheral nerve regeneration device is still in the research phase. Further optimization is required to refine the differentiation protocols, enhance the homogeneity of the cell populations, and validate the findings through extended biological evaluations, including proteomic analyses. This study underscores the potential of FENCs in regenerative medicine and highlights the importance of integrating multidisciplinary strategies for the development of advanced medical devices in tissue engineering approaches
Highly Processed Food and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: The Preventive Challenge-A Narrative Review
No full textThis narrative review summarizes current evidence on the associations between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, childhood and adolescent obesity, and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), and examines the metabolic, inflammatory, microbial, and gut–brain mechanisms underlying these links. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus identified articles published between January 2010 and September 2025. Eligible studies included human research in individuals aged 0–18 years; adult studies were considered when contributing relevant mechanistic insights. Of 335 records screened, 112 studies met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized narratively according to methodological appropriateness. Results: High UPF intake was consistently associated with increased adiposity, metabolic dysregulation, and greater cardiometabolic risk in youth. Children with overweight or obesity showed a higher prevalence of FGIDs compared with their normal-weight peers. Mechanistic evidence suggests that UPFs, rich in refined carbohydrates, unhealthy fats, and additives, may promote gut microbiota dysbiosis, impair intestinal barrier integrity, alter motility, and induce low-grade inflammation, thereby disrupting gut–brain signaling and contributing to FGID symptoms. Early-life and maternal UPF exposure may further increase susceptibility to metabolic and gastrointestinal disturbances through epigenetic and microbiome-mediated pathways. Conclusions: UPFs emerge as a shared etiological factor for obesity and FGIDs in childhood. This review contributes an integrated synthesis of epidemiological and mechanistic data while highlighting key research gaps, particularly the need for standardized methodologies and pediatric interventional studies to strengthen the evidence base