Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia
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Association between hypothyroidism and metabolic profile in gestational diabetes mellitus
No full textIntroduction: Thyroid hormones exert many effects on glucose metabolism. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypothyroidism during gestation (HG) are the most common gestational endocrinopathies and seem to be associated. We therefore explored in women with GDM whether the presence of HG is associated with a different metabolic profile. Materials and methods: We included 1,290 pregnant women with GDM [International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG)/World Health Organization (WHO) criteria] and no history of hypothyroidism prior to pregnancy who had a measure of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies during their hospital stay after GDM diagnosis. Patients with thyrotoxicosis and previous bariatric surgery were excluded. We evaluated concomitant blood pressure, fasting glycemia, insulinemia [with calculation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index], glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile according to the presence of HG (American Thyroid Association 2017 definition: TSH ≥ 4 mUI/L). Results: The mean (± standard deviation) age was 33 ± 5 years, the mean body mass index was 27 ± 5 kg/m2, and 117 women (9%) displayed HG. HG was associated with higher HbA1c (5.35 ± 0.56% vs. 5.22 ± 0.52%, p = 0.009), even after adjustment for gestational age, age, and body mass index. TSH was also positively associated with HbA1c (p = 0.006) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.002). Patients with HG displayed less often an early GDM, with their fasting glycemia before 24 weeks of amenorrhea being lower than that of patients with a TSH < 4 mU/L. Conclusion: In our cohort of patients with GDM, women with HG showed higher HbA1c than those without and HOMA-IR was positively associated with the level of TSH
Transformative Entrepreneurship in the Global Landscape: A Gender Perspective
No full textThis book explores entrepreneurship transformation as a response to recent global disruptions (such as technological advancements, emergency healthcare, and climate change) from the perspective of female entrepreneurs. This book illustrates how entrepreneurship and international business have enormous transformative power to advance inclusive economic development, embrace pluralism, and encompass minority groups. By analysing several case studies of female international entrepreneurs, this book explores how global transformation (digital, social, sustainable) may present some challenges but also represents a creative endeavour for female entrepreneurs in which opportunities arise and are exploited.
This book is relevant to both academics and practitioners. From a theoretical point of view, it contributes to the transformative entrepreneurship and female entrepreneurship literature. From a managerial perspective, it informs aspiring female entrepreneurs and managers about the challenges posed by global transformation and how to develop entrepreneurial opportunities to achieve legitimation as successful female international entrepreneurs
BIOmarkers in NEuropsychiatric SYmptoms (BIONESY): A multicenter nation survey and a systematic review
No full text: BackgroundBehavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have poorly understood pathological/morphological correlates.ObjectiveWe aimed to (1) investigate the perception of the utility of different biomarkers in the assessment of BPSD among Italian Memory Clinics and (2) review current literature in this regard.MethodsA multicenter, national survey was launched by the BPSD Study Group of the Italian Neurological Society for Dementia (SINdem). Participants completed a semi-structured questionnaire on their perception of possible associations between the occurrence/severity of different BPSD and different biomarkers, based on their individual knowledge and clinical experience, regarding any type and severity of cognitive impairment. Then, we performed a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. Only papers reporting biomarkers correlates of BPSD in neurocognitive disorders were included.ResultsAmong the 53 responders, 94%, 68%, 68%, and 45% perceived neuropsychological testing, MRI, FDG-PET, and EEG, respectively, associated with the total amount of BPSD. EEG alterations were perceived selectively associated with nighttime behavior disturbances and psychosis cluster (p < 0.01). Hallucinations, apathy and delusions were perceived as more correlated with biomarkers. Years of experience using biomarkers for diagnosis were associated with a more selective use of topographical biomarkers (p < 0.01). 91% of participants consider useful increasing the use of biomarkers to predict the occurrence/severity of BPSD. The literature review identified 99 eligible studies. Brain MRI (60 articles) and FDG-PET (12 studies) alterations are the most associated with BPSD.ConclusionsIn clinical practice, topographical biomarkers related to regional consequences of the pathology are perceived as potentially informative in the BPSD's assessment
Velimir Chlebnikov, Dialoghi, Saggio, traduzione e commento a cura di L. Cortesi
No full textVelimir Chlebnikov (1885–1922), figura chiave del Futurismo e protagonista dell’avanguardia russa, è noto per l’audacia delle sue sperimentazioni linguistiche e della sua poesia. Tra le sue opere meno indagate si collocano i testi in forma dialogica: spesso ritenuti marginali, i dialoghi rivelano invece una sorprendente compattezza teorica e stilistica. Questo volume propone per la prima volta al lettore italiano le traduzioni integrali dei sei dialoghi chlebnikoviani, accompagnate da un saggio critico che ne indaga le funzioni. Attraverso il dialogo – strumento più filosofico che narrativo – Chlebnikov articola, riformula e mette alla prova le sue teorie su lingua, storia e scienza. Offrendo strumenti utili alla lettura e gettando luce su un aspetto finora poco esplorato della sua opera, questo
lavoro intende restituire profondità e coerenza a una delle voci più visionarie del Futurismo russo
Piano rolls and music creativity: conflict or opportunity?
No full textThe essay considers different types of piano rolls in view of the level of expressiveness they can express, despite being designed for mechanical reproduction. Likewise, the level of creativity they leave to the performer is assessed. The result is that rolls that guarantee maximum expressiveness leave less room for the performer's creativity and, vice versa, rolls in which expressiveness is not in any way codified and returned automatically, allow more room for the performer's creativit
Malipiero, Gian Francesco
No full textVita e opere di Gian Francesco Malipiero, con una postilla su Riccardo Malipier
Joint Analysis of Cardiovascular Control and Shear Wave Elastography to Determine Carotid Plaque Vulnerability
No full textBackground/Objectives: Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is one of the main causes of stroke, and the vulnerability of plaque has been proved to be a determinant. A joint analysis of shear wave elastography, a radiofrequency echo-based wall tracking technique for arterial stiffness evaluation, and of autonomic and baroreflex function is proposed to noninvasively, preoperatively assess plaque vulnerability in asymptomatic CAS patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy. Methods: Elastographic markers of arterial stiffness were derived preoperatively in 78 CAS patients (age: 74.2 + 7.7 years, 27 females). Autonomic and baroreflex markers were also assessed by means of an analysis of the beat-to-beat fluctuations in heart period and systolic arterial pressure, derived at rest in supine position (REST) and during active standing. Postoperative analysis identified 36 patients with vulnerable plaque (VULN) and 42 with stable plaque (STABLE). Results: Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) at a respiratory rate decreased during STAND only in VULN patients, being much higher at REST compared to STABLE levels. Autonomic indexes were not helpful in separating experimental conditions and/or populations. The Young’s modulus (YM) of the plaque was lower in the VULN group than in the STABLE one. Cardiovascular control and elastographic markers were significantly correlated only in VULN patients. A multivariate logistic regression model built combining YM and BRS at the respiratory rate improved the prediction of plaque vulnerability, reporting an area under the ROC curve of 0.694. Conclusions: Noninvasive techniques assessing shear wave elastography and baroreflex control could contribute to the early detection of plaque vulnerability in patients with asymptomatic CAS