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Why Practising Effective Journalism in Nigeria Is Challenging.
No full textAbubakar, E. L. (2012) ‘An exploratory study of the watchdog role of the press', Journal of Communication Research, 2(1), pp.1-15.
Acheampong, R. and Babangida, S. J. (2017) ‘Impact of ‘brown envelope journalism' on news coverage in Ghana', International Journal of Management and Scientific Research, 1(4), pp. 90-98.
Adaja, T. (2012) ‘Nigerian journalism and professionalism: issues and challenges', New Media and Mass Communication, 5, pp. 15-21.
Agbakwuru, J. (2017) You can't make decent life in journalism - Osinbajo. Available at: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/12/cant-make-decent-life-journalism-osinbajo/ (Accessed: 2 June 2020).
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Apata, K. and Ogunwuyi, S. O. (2019) ‘Media social responsibility and the problematics of investigative journalism among media professionals in Osun State, Nigeria', Research Journal of Mass Communication and Information Technology, 5(3), pp.1-22.
Apuke, O. (2016) ‘Information communication technology and citizen journalism in Nigeria: Pros and Cons', Higher Education of Social Science, 11(4), pp.1-4.
Apuke, O. (2016) ‘Career considerations in journalism among female mass communication students' of Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria', Cross-Cultural Communication, 12(11), pp.1-6. 54 Apuke, O. (2017) ‘An Appraisal of the Freedom of Information Act (FoIA) in Nigeria', Canadian Social Science, 13, pp. 40-42.
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Bassey-Duke, V. Brown, N. & Talabi, F. (2017) ‘The challenges of development journalism in Nigeria', International Journal of International Relations, Media and Mass Communication Studies, 3(3), pp.16-25.
Bassey-Duke, V. (2017) ‘Bureaucratic processes in media practices in Nigeria', IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 22(9), pp. 48-56.
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Dafiaghor, K. F. (2011) ‘Censorship of information and the Nigerian society', International NGO Journal, 6(7), pp. 159-165.
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Dunu, I. Ukweze, C. and Ekwugha, U. (2017) ‘What effect? An appraisal of journalists' use and perception of new media technologies in Nigerian media practice', Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 7(4), pp.179-198.
Dyikuk, J. J. (2015) ‘The Nigerian media space and the cost of a bribe', New Media and Mass Communication, 40, pp.13-22.
Ekeanyanwu, N. T. and Obianigwe, N. (2012) ‘The Nigerian press, brown envelope syndrome (BES) and media professionalism: The missing link', Journalism and Mass Communication, 2(4), pp. 514-529.
Elebute, A. (2015) ‘Issues on the gagging of Nigerian press with obnoxious laws', An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 4(1), pp.207-223. 56 Enwefah, C. (2016) ‘Gender representation in the editorial and reportorial staff of newspapers in Nigeria', Global Journal Of Human-Social Science: A Arts and Humanities - Psychology, 16(1), pp.17-22.
Erezi, D. (2020) ‘Agba Jalingo regains freedom', The Guardian NG, 17 February [Online]. Available at: https://guardian.ng/news/agba-jalingo-regains-freedom/ (Accessed: 2 June 2020).
Erezi, D. (2019) ‘FG arraigns journalist Jones Abiri for terrorism, economic sabotage', The Guardian NG, 22 May [Online]. Available at https://guardian.ng/news/fg-arraigns journalist-jones-abiri-for-terrorism-economic-sabotage/ (Accessed: 2 June 2020).
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Eyisi, D. (2016) ‘The usefulness of qualitative and quantitative approaches and methods in researching problem-solving ability in science education curriculum', Journal of Education and Practice, 7(15), pp.91-100.
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Goodwin, D., Mays, N. and Pope, C. (2019) ‘Ethical issues in qualitative research', in Pope, C. and Mays, N. (eds.) Qualitative Research in Health Care. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 27-41. 57 Happer, C. and Philo, G. (2013) ‘The role of the media in the construction of public belief and social change', Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 1(1), pp.321-336.
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Jatula, V. (2017) ‘News production in the Nigerian press: prospects and challenges', European Journal of Research in Social Science, 5(5), pp.19-33.
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Njoku, N., Dike, H. & Vincent, R. (2018) ‘Journalism practice and gender constraints: a survey of female journalists in Port Harcourt', International Journal of Innovative Psychology & Social Development, 6(4), pp.1-11.
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Yushaú, M. (2009) ‘Investigative journalism and scandal reporting in the Nigerian press', Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies, 30(2), pp.155-174. 63 AppendicesJournalism does not simply entail providing information. For the function of journalism to be achieved, a journalist must provide the public with objective, useful information that can be used to make decisions. It is only after this happens that journalism is effective or has gotten the desired result. However, some challenges make it difficult for many journalists to practise effective journalism in Nigeria. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that make it difficult to practise effective journalism in Nigeria and identify how these factors can be mitigated. This study is based on an interpretivist research paradigm. A qualitative research approach was adopted because this study required nuanced and detailed data to answer the research questions. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from the five participants who were chosen using purposive sampling. The participants were chosen because they have considerable experience working as journalists in Nigeria. The findings of the study are similar to the findings gotten from the literature review but are more complex and offer a different perspective. The findings show that inadequate remuneration and funding, brown-envelope journalism, censorship and lack of technological devices are common factors that may affect the ability of a journalist to practise effective journalism in Nigeria. Furthermore, while these factors are common, journalists who are just starting their career are likely to experience these. Lastly, improving the remuneration and allowances of journalists can help to reduce three of the four factors listed. However, the relationship between gender discrimination and effective journalism requires further research to ascertain if gender discrimination impedes effective journalism
Strategies for Improving Retention in Online Learning.
No full textThis research seeks to determine if methods exist to identify students in online education who are a retention risk and to develop solutions to help prevent said students from exiting the course prematurely. In order to do this effectively, this study addresses three specific questions: • What data is provided by VLEs that might help educators to measure student engagement? • To what extent are educators able to identify those students who are in danger of exiting a course prematurely in the online learning environment? • What preventative measures are being used by educators to attempt to improve student retention in the online learning environment? A qualitative approach is used to answer the above questions. Initially the documentation for the most popular VLEs is analysed to identify the information present that would allow educators measure student engagement. Following this online educators are interviewed in order to harness their thoughts and experiences in the identification of students who are a retention risk. The participants are also asked about their preferred strategies for preventing the early drop out of students in online learning. The result of this primary research is to develop a set of recommendations, both for higher education institutions, and also for educators which aid in the identification of at-risk students. Additionally recommendations are provided for strategies that can be used, both proactively and reactively, in online learning to improve student retention
An Evaluation of Social Media on the Growth and Expansion of Small Scale Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Small Scale Businesses in Nigeria.
No full textSocial media has become a formidable tool for business growth and expansion (Tim, 2017), with over 2 billion people using social media it becomes a potent meeting place for business owners and customers (Kamz, 2017). This research tries to investigate the role of social media on business growth and expansion focusing on Small Scale Businesses in Nigeria. The research is informed by the need to study how businesses adopt social media to increase brand awareness, connect with potential clients, obtain customer reviews, increase product salability, and also the marketability of goods (Kemp, 2019). This study adopts the qualitative research strategy which collects data from conducting interviews, 8 interviews were conducted with small scale entrepreneurs in Nigeria via snowball sampling methods. Data is analyzed using thematic analysis, eight (8) themes are discovered which proves the potency of social media for business use in the 21st century. The findings of this research reveal that social media has more benefits for business especially in terms of communication, building customer relationships, advertising, low cost in operations, and using several digital channels, which increases the business presence. This study thus, recommends the use of social media for business and also constantly updating social media platforms to keep up with trends as the online environment is dynamic
An Analytical Study of Cryptocurrency and its Connection with Money Laundering Policies and Financial Terrorism and the Impact of Anti Money Laundering Policies upon it.
No full textGlobalisation and technological advancements have improved every aspect of human life and advancements in trade and business environments have been improved exponentially. However, the development and advancement which has completely changed the method of business and trade is its financial transaction of the economic exchange process and the most significant development in this field is virtual currency or cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin was created by Satoshi Nakamoto and it was approved for operation in economic transactions in 2009 and hence, it became the first kind of cryptocurrency the 21st century observed and established as the replacement for tedious economic transactions. However, there are multiple situations that observe a sudden drop of faith and belief in the cryptocurrency transactional process and multiple rampant scams and corruptions contributed to developing this notion about the cryptocurrency and its association with financial terrorism and other illicit activities. Hence, with this research process, an outline has been selected so that all the loopholes and limitations of the anti-money-laundering policies could be identified with investigating the lack of central authorities in mind. This is the reason; a mixed method analytical (quantitative-qualitative) study has been conducted with the inclusion of experts from the UK and Ireland as research participants and the data collected from their interview and survey responses have been used to identify the answers this research finds through its comprehensive analysis
The Governing of Corporate Social Responsibility: The Role of the Regulator.
No full textThis research explores the role of the regulator in the governing of corporate social responsibility. In order to achieve this, extant literature on the concept, debates and role of government was reviewed in order to identify the gap in knowledge posed by the research question “What is the role of the Regulator in the governing of orporate Social Responsibility?”. A force field analysis was used to develop the conceptual framework upon which the research was built. To answer the research question, qualitative data was gathered using the semi-structured interview method from four respondents. The interviews were transcribed using MAXQDA and analysed and a deductive research approach was used to identify recurring themes from the responses given by the interviewees. Given the nature of the research, an interpretivist research philosophy was employed. The research found that CSR as a moral obligation and as a business strategy are inextricably interdependent, secondly that there is no optimal level of regulatory involvement in CSR, it depends on the industry and finally that the pathway to a more socially responsible business lies in education over regulation. The implications of the findings were discussed, limitations of the research identified and recommendations for further research as well as the use of the findings in practice were given
Baby Boomer Women – A critical assessment of the impact of their consumer behaviour and lifestyle on strategic fashion marketing (in Germany).
No full textThis study has shown that female Baby Boomer are a highly diverse, fashioninterested, and young at heart generation that is failed to be understood and segmented correctly with regards to their needs, wants and marketing attraction by the fashion industry. The dissertation focused on investigating Baby Boomer women´s consumer behaviour and marketing appeal in relation to fashion based on their lifestyle and cognitive age to draw direct conclusions for urgently necessary changes for marketers and higher customer satisfaction for the target audience. The dissertation decided to adapt a positivistic point of view and to conduct deductive research by using purely quantitative data gathered through a questionnaire that was distributed online and offline. This scientific, empiric method resulted in a participation of 281 women aged 56 to 74 and revealed the significance of the factor cognitive age for this generation and their fashion consumption behaviour and marketing appeal. The research uncovered significant differences between cognitive age and chronological age in context with disposable income, fashion interest, brand loyalty, purchase motives, spending habits, marketing elements and the choice of the model in advertising. Limitations to this research were evident due to the rural area where research was conducted whereas results might not be transferable to all parts of Germany, a relatively small sample size for the representation of the large generation and the lack of qualitative data due to pandemic circumstances. Recommendations were made in order to improve fashion brands’ business and marketing strategy by understanding and addressing female Boomers’ needs and wants in design, cut, customer service and visual fashion presentation better and by a more precise segmentation strategy that focuses not only on chronological but rather cognitive age of the customers. The dissertation results predict that if marketers and brand continue ignoring this powerful target group, they are guaranteed to forego sales and increase customer dissatisfaction
An Evaluation of Leadership Skills on Organisational Performance in Financial Firms in Ireland
No full textThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of leadership on organisational performance, by critically accessing those leadership skills that make a leader successful from the employee perspective. The study focused on the financial sector in Ireland, because of its importance in contributing significantly to the Ireland economy, leadership in the sector is therefore paramount for the overall success of the sector. The study adopts the qualitative method of research which collects data from the conduct of interviews, seven (7) interviews were conducted with employees of several firms in the Irish financial sector. Analysis was done using the thematic process as provided by Braun and Clark (2006). From the analysis it was discovered that leadership skills that related to Interpersonal skills(Ability to motivate, interact and communicate) Expertise, and experience, Cognitive and strategic thinking skills were skills that made leaders successful, further a leaders ability to communicate required results and train staff to handle certain responsibilities themselves were essential for employee productivity as this skills stimulated employees to work more for the organisation. Also, leadership ability to provide non-material motivations and exemplary leadership was significant in keeping employees loyal to the organisation. The study thus discovered that leadership skills was essential for organisational performance, hence the study recommends that leaders should adequately take time to acquire and learn leadership skills as it will aid in enhancing employee commitment and the general success of their organisations
Analysis of Customer Satisfaction and Drug Product Quality in exploring Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Operational Excellence in Lagos state, Nigeria.
No full textThe thesis analysed customer satisfaction and drug product quality which are both elements of Operational Excellence in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Lagos state, Nigeria through quantitative and qualitative research methods (a questionnaire-based survey and phone interviews). The perspectives of drug consumers and NAFDAC regulatory personnel as regards satisfaction with pharmaceutical products, factors influencing customer satisfaction, level of drug product quality and factors affecting drug quality were evaluated to ascertain the state of Operational Excellence of the local pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and promote recommendations for its improvement. Both groups of regulatory personnel and customers were compared to determine their perspectives on the quality of drug products and level of satisfaction with locally manufactured drugs in terms of purity levels, appropriate drug components, drug efficacy, safety, availability, affordability and packaging. A total of 280 out of 309 participated in the survey, of which 202 (72.1%) were customers and 78 (27.9%) were NAFDAC regulatory personnel. Interestingly, only 14 (5%) respondents evaluated the overall quality of locally manufactured drugs to be poor with 10 (12.8%) of them being regulatory personnel, while 55 (19.5%) respondents were generally indifferent about the quality of drugs in the state, 40 (51.3%) of them being regulatory personnel. The larger percentage, 211 (75.5%) respondents were either of the opinion that drug quality in the state was somewhat good or very good. Of this category, 69 (24%) respondents, all of which were customers believed locally manufactured drugs in the state were 100% good quality drugs. From the analysis conducted, 193 (68.9%) of the respondents were satisfied with the price, availability, efficacy and safety of locally manufactured drugs in Lagos state, 36 (18.7%) of which were regulatory personnel and 147 (76.1%) being customers. The rest were either indifferent or unsatisfied of which the majority were indifferent. Inadequate funding of the industry by the government to improve standard of operations and insufficient regulatory checks on manufacturing processes and products remained the most challenging factors affecting product quality of locally manufactured drugs in the state while inadequate training of the manufacturing staff to ensure compliance with standard procedures was the least reported challenge. Frequent regulatory checks on pharmaceutical manufacturing companies, indefinite shutdown of consistently defaulting pharmaceutical manufacturing companies and seizure or destruction of substandard products will be effective in ensuring utmost quality of locally manufactured drug products in the state. Adequate product evaluation and testing by regulatory authorities before products are released into the market and provision of customer complaint platforms by pharmaceutical manufacturing companies are sustainable recommendations to improve product quality and customer satisfaction with locally manufactured drugs in Lagos, Nigeri
The role of Films in promoting Islamophobia: Content Analysis
No full textSaid (1979) explains that the media over time has been populated with negative stereotypes that seek to create a link between Islam and acts of terrorism as well as all forms of violence (p.347). Given this, the film industry, which is regarded as a media tool, has been criticised for its role in enforcing negative stereotypes which result in anti-Islamic sentiments. For this reason, this research work seeks to analyse seven films that cut across different groups, to understand the prevailing stereotypes, how they are used as well as the non-verbal cues used in the films to pass across a message. Quantitative content analysis was employed to carry out the research, and the films were examined based on context, stereotypes, mis-en-scene and the Riz test proposed by Ahmed Riz. In an attempt to avoid a myopic and bias conclusion, the films selected were based on the link to Islam and Muslims rather than the theme of terrorism. The findings of this research conclude that while there is the prevalence of these negative stereotypes in the films examined, the concept in which they are used gives a clear understanding on the motive of the director which very quite often are used to raise awareness and educate viewers
Are New Media Tools Strengthening Investigative Journalism in Nigeria?
No full text72 Appendices
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