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Quality of Risk Reporting of selected DAX Performance Index Corporations - An Empirical Analysis of Compliance
No full textThe German legislator requires German stock corporations to state their risk reporting in their annual report in accordance with the German Accounting Standard. After the standard was updated in 2012, corporations had several years to implement the requirements of the standard correctly and accurately. As a result, the study seeks to determine the corporation's risk reporting quality, ranking them and present the current deficits in their risk reporting’s. The standards were used to develop an evaluation model in which the mandatory and recommended standards were weighted and then evaluated against each of the risk report sections of the examined corporations. As a result, each corporation received a compliance percentage for the standard's mandatory and recommended requirements, sectors, and standard categories (risk management system, individual risks and risk situation). In their risk reports, the examined corporations did not achieve an overall compliance degree of 60 per cent. Not all corporations were able to present their information in compliance with the DRS 20 standards. BMW, the Volkswagen Group, and Henkel attained the highest level of compliance. Deutsche Wohnen and Deutsche Post had the lowest degree of compliance. The risk reporting quality of the corporations examined was adequate since not a single corporation achieved a higher compliance degree of 60 per cent. Only a few corporations came close to achieving a high level of compliance. As well as several corporations viewed the significance of the mandatory and recommended standards differently
Csr In The Automobile Industry Of Global South Countries
No full textThe research focuses on examining the evolution of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices within the automotive industries in Global South Countries (GSC), with a specific emphasis on India, Brazil, and China. The study underscores the importance of CSR in establishing sustainable long-term business practices for automotive units. It highlights that integrating CSR initiatives leads to improved working conditions and fosters innovation within these units. Furthermore, successful implementation of CSR practices enhances community standards.
The study evaluates CSR practices through the lens of the triple bottom line, which considers financial, social, and environmental impacts. This framework provides a comprehensive perspective on CSR initiatives, enabling businesses to effectively manage their finances while fulfilling their social responsibilities.
Both primary and secondary research data support the hypothesis that CSR is essential for the success of automotive units. The findings suggest that incorporating CSR practices not only benefits the communities and environments in which these units operate but also contributes to their overall business success
‘The Customer Is Always Right’ an Analysis of the Impact of Consumer Buying Decisions on Marketing in Ecco Shoes.
No full textThis dissertation analysed the overall impact consumer buying behaviour has on marketing strategies. The analysis was focused on Ecco shoes, a global European brand with locations in Ireland and its recent changes with branding and marketing strategies. This is a qualitative study with primary data collected through 7 interviews.
The key contributor to the study is that consumers have an enormous impact to the marketing strategy of any business. This is because they have been prior research which suggest that marketing influences consumer buying behaviour. Although this is not entirely false, this paper proves that the consumers play as much as a role as the company’s marketing. Importantly, the analysis conducted established that consumers are keen to be involved in the creative progress of companies before the products are launched.
This study concluded that Ecco Shoes must always be up to date with trends and be socially responsible in order to draw a younger audience to their consumer base, as well as be more aggressive with communication to keep consumers informed of initiatives. The theoretical contribution of this study is that there is no better time to be socially responsible, hence companies and SMEs should cultivate these practices as a norm in their values. Overall, this author recommends more transparency as required by the Consumer Protection Act 2007, as the first step towards the brands success.
Finally, the paper concludes with some recommendations for future research as well as recommendation for Ecco Shoes, limitations to the paper and personal reflectio
IFRS adoption process: Advantages and Disadvantages and Accounting Quality definition: Evidence from Mexico.
No full textThe increase of economic globalisation has deemed it necessary to create one set of international accounting principles to promote global investment and capital markets worldwide through the adoption of the IFRS that has been the most relevant accounting transition in history in the last two decades. The IASB is the responsible body for developing and promoting the IFRS since 2001. As a result, different countries have adopted international principles and presented various benefits and drawbacks. It is related to the improvement of accounting quality by adopting the IFRS principles in financial information. However, there is terminological confusion due to the lack of a unified meaning.
This research aims to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of adopting high-quality international standards for listed companies in Mexico and the concept of accounting quality among the experience and opinions of accounting professionals in the country. This study has the potential to provide recommendations for the first-time IFRS adoption process and advice for an improvement in the accounting quality in a company. Moreover, it will be discussing some highlights of why Mexico is not fully converged to IFRS.
The methodology used for this study was interpretivism philosophy and induction approach getting the data with semi-structured interviews based on the opinions and ideas of seven accounting professional with experience on international principles in Mexican companies. Thematic analysis was used to codify and understand the findings of this investigation.
The author got six themes to analyse based on Thematic Analysis: 1. Reasons for adopting IFRS in Mexican companies 2. Difficulties to adopt IFRS in Mexico 3. Advantages and Disadvantages of the IFRS adoption in Mexico 4. Recommendations for first time IFRS adoption 5. Is IFRS adoption suitable for unlisted companies? 6. Accounting Quality definition, evidence, and measures to improve it.
The findings of this study present the difficulties, benefits and drawbacks of the IFRS adoption in listed companies in Mexico, and it is proposed a definition of accounting quality. Moreover, the participants provided advice for first-time IFRS adoption. It is deemed necessary to provide constant training to all accounting staff involved in the financial preparation and continuous supervision of critical accounting items and the financial reports to enhance accounting quality in a company.
The understanding of this study could be beneficial for directors, managers, accountants, researchers or any company interested in an IFRS adoption or enhancing accounting quality based on the experience and knowledge of Mexican accounting professionals
Leveraging the Impact of Management Consultancies on Small Scale Business Performance In Nigeria
No full textResearch Background: Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are generally considered as the engine for innovation and employment generation. This has been attributed to their flexibility in responding to new opportunities and possibilities for rapid growth and development. More so, use of management consulting has been particularly linked to organizational performance. This study seeks to explore the use of management constancies by small scale enterprises in Nigeria and how it impacts on their business performance.
Research Purpose: Most enterprises are often faced with the problem of poor managerial knowledge needed to provide quality service. However, studies have demonstrated connections between business success and effective managerial skill, especially for Small and Medium Enterprises. The aim of this study is therefore, to examine the impact of management consultancies on business performance of SMEs in Nigeria.
Research Questions: The study was guided by three research objectives namely:
i. What are the reasons for using management consulting among SMEs?
ii. What are the selection criteria used in choosing management consultant among SMEs?
iii. What are the factors affecting the use of management consultancy among SMEs?
iv. What is the effect of management consulting selection criteria on performance?
Method: The study adopted a descriptive research design. Quantitative data were collected through the use of online questionnaire. A total of one hundred SMEs were surveyed cutting across different sector of the economy. Data was analysed quantitatively using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Conclusion: The study found low level of use of management consulting among the business owners. Also, trust and integrity and work experience were the principal factors influencing the use of management consulting. In terms of purpose for usage, management consulting was mostly used to solve ICT related problems, business financial/accounting matters, analysis of problems, investigating problems in business and training of employee. Overall, management consulting impacted positively on business performance
The Effect of International Business Strategies on Organizational Performance in the Developing Country Telecommunication Industry - A Case of MTN Nigeria Plc.
No full textThe increase in globalization in recent times allows companies to spread their business tentacles beyond their local business environment or their country into a foreign land and expand their businesses. However, penetrating favorably into a new foreign business environment demands that organizations embrace potent international business strategies that would effectively cater to their needs and ensure that their corporate expectations in terms of customers’ satisfaction, productivity, and profitability are accomplished. According to Todaro and Smith (2015), globalization presents new means for global poverty eradication which could be directly or indirectly beneficial to third world countries in terms of sociocultural, technological, scientific financial, and trade optimization (Gamade et al., 2020). Thus, both advanced and emerging economies can substantially benefit from globalization through a prosperous economy as a result of their engagement in global trade (Ahmedova, 2015; Prasanna et al., 2019).
International business connotes every international transaction of an entity in respect to goods, services, and information exchange for commercial and revenue generation purposes (Kefalas, 1989). Organizational involvement in international operations exposes it to different benefits as well as uncertainty (Kefalas, 1989). Hence, the formulation, adoption, and implementation of effective business strategies are crucial to ensure proper coordination of the company’s operational processes across national boundaries (Hitt et al., 2015). Economic imperative, political imperative, quality imperative and administrative coordination has been identified by Bhandari and Verma (2013) as the typical approaches that multinational companies adopt in international strategy formulation and implementation. Furthermore, the combination of one or more of these four common methods of implementing international business strategy ensures that organizations are abreast of fundamental realities which will guide them in making strategic choices and informed decisions (Bhandari and Verma, 2013). Therefore, the decisions and choices of managers and decision-makers regarding their organization entering a new geographical location will be geared towards the enhancement of their performance and actualization of overall organizational goals.
Unprecedented advancement in information technology and other technological infrastructure also provided an enormous opportunity for organizations to go international (Howcroft et al., 2019). Incessant technological innovations. Most especially in the telecommunication industry, has created a highly competitive market which requires equally effective competitive strategies for firms operating in such industry to exploit the available opportunities, manage the risks and threats judiciously and optimize their performance to be successful (Akingbade, 2014).
Organization's need for expansion into other geographical locations has increased considerably in the last couple of decades (Jones, 2006). The purpose of firms spreading their business tentacles to multiple locations has been linked to the immense benefits inherent in operating businesses across different locations and borders as well as the need to exploit the opportunities that abound in the new locations (Buckley and Munjal, 2017; Mitsuhashi & Min, 2016). Thus, internationalization is a crucial phenomenon that firms penetrating foreign markets must take seriously. This is to enable them to design strategies that would not only align their processes with realities in the new locations but also coordinate their activities in such a way that adds value to their customers (Ayaga and Nnabuko, 2019) in other to accomplish their corporate objectives.Several organizations across the globe have entered into new geographical locations or other countries to establish and carry out their business operations. Emerging economies have been a location of interest for many multinational companies and locations such as Nigeria have hosted different international organizations in various sectors of her economy in the last couple of decades. The choice of targeting developing countries such as Nigeria as a preferred location for business operations of international companies might not be unconnected with the availability of abundant human and natural resources in the most populous country in Africa. Hence, it is crucial for firms penetrating Nigeria’s business environment to adopt and implement suitable international business strategies that would ensure that their overall organizational goals are accomplished. To this end, this study examined the effect of international business strategies on the performance of Telecommunications companies in Nigeria.
The study adopted a quantitative research technique and used a cross-sectional design that involves the senior staff of MTN Nigeria Plc. and their customers are knowledgeable about their products/services. Data were obtained from a sample size of 150 respondents located in Lagos, Port Harcourt, Abuja, and Ibadan. The research instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire using Google form and data was processed with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. The reliability of the research instrument was confirmed through Cronbach Alpha with a 0.822 reliability result which is above the 0.7 benchmarks as prescribed by Sharma (2016). Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis, answering of research questions, and hypotheses were tested using Spearman’s rank correlation.
The empirical findings corroborate the significance of international business strategies and their impact on organizational performance in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. Specifically, the results reveal that differentiation strategy has a significant and positive influence on customers’ loyalty that represents organizational performance. Furthermore, the study confirms that cost leadership strategy has a strong significant influence on customers’ retention that represents organizational performance and lastly, the research result shows that market focus strategy has a positive significant influence on customer satisfaction which is a good measurement of organizational performance in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. Therefore, the study recommends that managers and decision in the telecommunication industry makers continue to provide affordable quality products and services that would meet their customer’s requirements to ensure their satisfaction and increase their loyalty. In addition, it is also recommended that the Nigerian government should provide a good conducive business environment, most especially necessary infrastructure which will support investors operations enable them to perform optimally to achieve their corporate objectives
Exploring The Key Factors That Motivate Consumers To Purchase Counterfeit Cosmetics In Mumbai, India.
No full textThis dissertation delves into the key factors that drive consumers to purchase counterfeit cosmetics, considering both psychographic and social influences on their purchase decisions. Consumers' actions are influenced by a multitude of variables, and this study examines these factors through the lens of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) while also considering social factors.
The focus of the study is on customers based in Mumbai. Employing a qualitative approach and adopting an interpretive philosophy, the researcher conducted seven semi-structured interviews using non-probability sampling. The primary data was collected from consumers who use cosmetics and have experience purchasing counterfeit products.
The study demonstrated that various psychographic and social factors significantly influence consumers' choices of counterfeit products over genuine ones.
In summary, the study concludes that price is a primary motivator for consumers to opt for counterfeit cosmetics. Additionally, factors such as availability and perceived expertise also play a role in their purchasing decisions. Furthermore, the study examines how the proliferation of social media has expanded the market for counterfeit cosmetics and how social media influences consumers to buy such products. Peer pressure and status consumption were also investigated as contributing factors
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises is a blue ocean for Specialized banks in China
No full textAs a huge undeveloped market of specialized banks in China, Small and Medium Enterprises have their advantages and potentiality.
The purpose of this research is to assess the possibility of Small and Medium Enterprises become a blue ocean of specialized banks. The sample of this study is consisting of fifty directors of Small and medium enterprises and five managers of specialized banks. The stratified sampling technique is used to conduct selective screening in two cities in Hebei Province to ensure that only people who are knowledgeable about the issues under consideration are selected. The main data of the study comes from questionnaires. Through use descriptive statistical methods to analyze the data obtained from the research then get a reliable analysis of the performance of Small and medium-sized enterprises and get the possibility of Small and Medium Enterprises become a blue ocean of specialized banks.
Small and medium-sized enterprises have wide number and distribute into various industries in China. As an important part of the modern national economy, Small and medium-sized enterprises have absolute influence in both of developed countries and in developing countries.
Based on the number of Small and medium-sized enterprises, conditions of financing channel and scale of sales, Small and medium-sized enterprises provide its potentiality value for specialized banks. According the analysis of Small and medium-sized enterprises’ potentiality, provides some recommendations for specialized banks to help them find an appropriate way when deals with the application for lending
Antidepressants among Healthcare Professionals in South India.
No full text1.Background Antidepressants are drugs which are used to relieve the symptoms of depressive disorders. The clinical awareness about physical, mental and social factors of a patient is very keen in deciding an optimal antidepressant therapy. The rational use of antidepressant must be monitored very carefully as inappropriate use can lead to its abuse and overuse 2. Purpose This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitude towards, antidepressant drugs among the healthcare professionals working in South India. This is to analyse the issues involved in practicing antidepressant therapy and review the methods to ameliorate and enhance the implementation of antidepressants. 3. Design and methodology The study involved deductive approach as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis was done for the questionnaire-based survey conducted among 50 healthcare professionals in South India. The secondary data was acquired from an analysis of current research articles on antidepressants and its abuse and overuse and the measures to curtail these issues. 4. Findings Eighty four percent of the participants reported that the main cause for antidepressant abuse and overuse is the inappropriate use of antidepressants. Considering, pharmaceutical companies’ intervention, there was a strong agreement from the study group at seventy four percent while twenty four percent gave a neutral response. A large proportion of the healthcare professionals agree that outpatients pressurise them to prescribe or dispense antidepressants. 5. Conclusion The participants had adequate understanding of general antidepressant use. Lack of knowledge can be curtailed by the implementation of antidepressant awareness programs. Healthcare professionals should be motivated to attend training programmes to reduce the abuse and overuse of antidepressants
The Impact of Treasury Single Account Policy on the Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. (2009-2018)
No full textThis research work is on the Impact of treasury single account on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria (2009-2019). Treasury single account policy which was implemented in 2015 in Nigeria in no doubt, drained the excess liquidity from the banking sector. It was for this reason that this study was set out to ascertain the implications of treasury single account on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria for the period under review. The specific objectives were therefore to examine if their exist any significant relationship between interest rate, inflation, average liquidity ratio, net interest margin, nonperforming loan ratio, total deposit, capital adequacy ratio and exchange rate on the profit before tax of deposit money banks and also to determine if there exist any significant relationship between shareholders fund, federal government deposit, money supply, total deposit, loans and advances, gross domestic variable and external reserve on the total asset of deposit money banks in Nigeria for the period under review. The sample size of the study was the same as the population which involved twenty seven (27) deposit money banks that operated in Nigeria as at 2019. Purposive sampling was used for the study. The secondary data used for the study was sourced from the Nigerian Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics and the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. Linear regression statistics was used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that the variables of net interest margin, nonperforming loans and capital adequacy ratios were all significant to the profit before tax of deposit money banks while shareholders fund, federal government deposit and total deposit were significant to the total asset of deposit money banks. It is therefore recommended that Deposit money banks should try as much as possible to reduce its interest expense in order to maintain a favourable net interest margin, which would result in a high profit before tax of banks. This can achieve by reducing the level of debt in its capital structure. Deposit money banks should always ensure that risky assets being invested upon are well collaterized in order for the bank to avert the risk of loss in an eventuality. This would drastically reduce the level of nonperforming loans