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ANALYSIS ON SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT USING ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE (ESG) FRAMEWORK IN INVESTMENT DECISION IN INDIA.
No full textMany companies and investors are now showing their concern towards sustainable development and creating awareness of environmental stability and socioeconomic development. The apparent lack of governance during the global financial crisis, the growing threat of global warming, social activism, and other factors have recently led to an agreement on the significance of holistic growth and responsible investment. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) oriented investing is one such technique that has steadily acquired traction among investors. Under the broader issue of sustainable and responsible investment, the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) theme is a successful portfolio selection strategy (SRI).
Through semi-structured interviews conducted with a sample size of six participants, the researcher has chosen a non-probability method. Primary data was collected from semi-structured interviews, and the participants were investors and working professionals actively trading in stocks and other funds.
The thesis will cover three main research areas, all interlinked with each other. The first research area will be how rating agencies influence the decision of an investor. The second research area will be the correlation between international governing bodies and Indian government policies for sustainable investment decisions. Finally, the research paper will look at how ESG scores can possibly create market confusion, causing investors to have different views and opinions. All these three areas are covered in the questionnaire framed and answered.
This study found that a variety of psychographic and extrinsic factors influenced investors' decisions in relation to investing in ESG funds. Before moving to the analysis part of this research study, the researcher analyzed a case study to state the importance of Environmentally Sustainable Governance for any company.
To summarize the research findings, demand and supply are one of the main areas for any investor while making investment choices. The outcome of the study also highlighted that, in addition to price, other factors such as availability of investment options, profits, and awareness also play a major role
Challenges for overseas firm setting up in India. An analysis from supply chain perspective.
No full textPurpose –
The purpose of the research is to explore various supply chain risks that are present in Indian context and can be seen in future as well. The research also looks to present the most effective method for treating supply chain risk management in India.
Design/research methodology/approach-
A non-probability purposive sampling method was deployed to conduct an online survey through Google form in different supply chain management groups in social media platforms. A total of 155 participants participated in the survey. A mono-quantitative research methodology was adopted for this research.
Findings –
Most of the participants work in international companies as they have mentioned the ownership for majority of companies as 100% foreign or foreign majority. It was also observed that most of the participants work for companies that have less than 200 employees which indicates the most of the companies are new or small to medium sized companies. In relation to the supply chain risks secondary research has highlighted legal challenges, tax regime, intellectual property rights, dispute resolution, strikes, riots, social unrest, and natural calamities as some of the common supply chain risks in India. However, the primary research has found that Inadequate utility infrastructure, Corruptions/Bribery, and Taxation problems have been major supply chain risk or challenges for companies since 2015. It has also found that Major accidents such as fire/explosion/collapse of infrastructure etc, Terrorism/Riots/Civil unrest, Transport related factors, Inadequate logistics infrastructure, Frauds (physical resources/theft/intellectual property etc), Labour related problems (Strikes, unskilled labour etc) and Taxation problems are the main causes of operational impact in companies in relation to supply chain and Major accidents such as fire/explosion/collapse of infrastructure etc, Terrorism/Riots/Civil unrest, Transport related factors, Inadequate logistics infrastructure, Frauds (physical resources/theft/intellectual property etc), Labour related problems (Strikes, unskilled labour etc) and Taxation problems are the
major disruption factor/s that affect the supply chain in an organization in next three years in India.
Originality/Value –
The research adds to the previous research of supply chain risk for foreign companies looking to set up business in India by highlighting the supply chain risk that have been seen since 2015, and supply chain risk that have huge operational impact and also the supply chain risk that can be seen in future as well. The research also concludes that the most effective method for treating supply chain risk management in India cannot be designed as supply chain risk depends on external environment and also companies has to treat “supply chain security as a journey, not a destination”
BUSINESS 4.0 ADVANTAGES OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMALL RETAIL BUSINESS IN MEXICO: BUSINESS 4.0 AS STRATEGY
No full textThis study explores the advantage of technologies in small retail businesses in Mexico.
For the study participated seven retail companies in Mexico, different retailers: Jewellery, Bulk food, Fashion Clothes, Beverages, Products for cleaning, Hardware store and beauty & personal care. The results showed that there are technologies that these businesses need, and some of them already use, the more essential are POS (Point-of-sale), card machines, Whatsapp Chatbot, social media for marketing,
The result showed that even in small companies, technologies are an advantage to keep competitiveness. Technology has an impact on the effectiveness of businesses processes.
A traditional store giving the option for customers to pay with cards can increase sales; a specific example is a traditional fashion store in a small town in Mexico where not every home can afford the Internet. For traditional retailers, using technology on payments is a step to get on board in using technologies.
Even a traditional hardware store with more than 2000 products need a point-of-sales to stock management. Every sale register in the system will automatically actualise the inventory. The same system creates sales reports of star products and indicates when to repurchase stock.
An interesting finding is that two of the seven businesses have the option for customers to shop on their website
João Maciel de Alencar
No full textThis dissertation investigates the role of research and development in the financial market of firms. This study shows that the proportion of research and development expenditures is higher for companies high ranked in the stock exchange. The empirical analysis emphasized that innovation and technological changes are drivers for companies’ productivity and growth, and the market appears to rewards companies’ efforts to innovate. The role of research and development for the company changed over the years and the importance of this account for the company is positively associated with the capacity of the firm to grow. This research attempted to contextualize research and development as a fragment of how the firm visionary the future, been the financial market the scale of the innovative aspect of the firm. The sample analysed corroborates with prior studies finding positive relation between research and development, market value, financial market, and residual income, as well as highlighted the importance of governments take part in the development of a solid understanding of the role of research and development to the economy
The impacts of a reduction on alcohol excise tax on Irish consumer behaviour
No full textPurpose: The aim of this study is to advance an understanding of the impacts of lower alcohol excise tax rates on Irish consumer buying behaviour. To enable this analysis, the study explores how sensitive Irish consumers are to price, considering different genders, ages, and socio-economic status. It also includes an analysis of the main variables which can influence the purchase behaviour of alcoholic beverages. In addition, it covers how inclined Irish consumers are to switch their preferences to another brand or category of alcoholic beverage, in order to avoid the price increase, and the reasons behind this attitude. Finally, it seeks a conclusion about the appropriateness of a reduction on alcohol excise tax, considering all the groups, variables and behaviour patterns identified and analysed.
Methodology: This research is based on a hypothetical-deductive approach, where an online questionnaire, composed by close-ended questions is implemented, involving all the areas above and seeking to answer the hypotheses proposed. A quantitative analysis is applied to interpret the data collected.
Relevance: The unique characteristic of this research provides extensive insights about several areas, including the responsiveness of Irish consumer to price changes on alcoholic beverages and the main variables affecting the purchase decision. The identification of such variables provides valuable knowledge to the Irish drinks and hospitality industry, and its importance for national and global economy cannot be understated. The study also adds relevant perceptions about the implementation of sin taxes, and how effective such taxes are on achieving their purpose, which can be useful for government and policy makers.
Findings: The findings of this research show that a reduction of alcohol excise tax may not impact significantly the Irish consumer buying behaviour. Even though the role of price is confirmed, it does not vary significantly between gender, age, or social-economic status. In addition, quality has proven to be the most relevant variable for Irish consumers, and to vary significantly between levels of consumption. The brand loyalty and the substitution effect are also identified
The Impact Of Work-Life Balance On Employee Productivity: Case Study Of Access Bank, Nigeria
No full textWork-Life Balance (WLB) is the ability of an employee to achieve both work and life
responsibilities without one suffering at the expense of another. WLB is essential to employees
as it eases stress, pressures and workload, further giving them the right state of mind, which
enhances productivity. This study sought to investigate the impact of WLB on employee
productivity in Access bank, Nigeria. The core objectives of the research were to discover the
reasons for stress and pressures amongst employees, identify specific WLB polices and
discover challenges of WLB. The study adopted the qualitative research which collected
interviews from six employees at Access Bank Nigeria. The research discovered that the
reasons for stress and pressures include workloads, job descriptions, long hours of work and
the physical environment. The study also discovers that WLB policies put in the bank are
Flexitime, job sharing and work leaves. In a rare discovery, the study finds out that WLB limits
performance of employees, as employees who frequently took WLB policies did not get many
tasks done, hence they underperformed when compared to staff who did not frequently use
WLB policies. The research thus recommends that the use of WLB policies should be
minimised by staff, rather than constantly use WLB policies to achieve family roles, they
should create a balance between work and life roles this will enhance productivity and
performanc
An Investigation Into Claims of Employment Discrimination Between Black Immigrants & Native Workers In The Irish Labour Market: An Empirical Analysis
No full textBlack immigrants in Ireland have been demonstrated to have more difficulties in the labor market and have higher unemployment rates than native workers. The labor market outcomes for various classes of non-Irish nationals varies significantly. The title of this thesis is an investigation into the claims of employment discrimination between black immigrants and native workers in the Irish labour market. In particular, the focus is on White Irish, Black Irish, Black Immigrants and Hiring Managers. The study was guided by two objectives. First, the research investigates the level of employment discrimination among black immigrants and native workers. Second, the research examines the factors associated with employment discrimination among black immigrants and native workers: Credentials, Occupational sector, Recruitment Selection and Nationality. This study takes the form of a qualitative research approach. The semi-structured interview was used as the primary data gathering instrument. The interviews were conducted with 11 participants which comprised of three White Irish, three Black Irish, three Black immigrants and two Hiring Manager. The research investigated their educational and professional backgrounds, present employment, qualification recognition, and job satisfaction. Data was analysed using the Nvivo and constant comparative method and the themes were based on the research objectives. This study extends the current knowledge base by revealing that Black immigrants experience a higher level of employment discrimination when compared with the white Irish native colleagues. Despite being Irish citizens, black Irish employees experienced similar levels of employment discrimination to their black immigrant colleagues. The study also found that Black employees are disproportionately not employed in roles corresponding to their qualifications and suffer occupational disadvantaged as they are less likely to hold top positions. The study concludes that the recruitment experience is largely positive for native workers, while black immigrants have a predominantly negative outlook. The study recommends that the government should ensure effective enforcement of discrimination legislation. All employers should adopt guidelines to ensure that their hiring processes are not discriminatory. In addition, there should be an awareness of the recognition of the foreign qualifications
Quality of Risk Reporting of selected DAX Performance Index Corporations - An Empirical Analysis of Compliance
No full textThe German legislator requires German stock corporations to state their risk reporting
in their annual report in accordance with the German Accounting Standard. After the
standard was updated in 2012, corporations had several years to implement the
requirements of the standard correctly and accurately. As a result, the study seeks to
determine the corporation's risk reporting quality, ranking them and present the current
deficits in their risk reporting’s.
The standards were used to develop an evaluation model in which the mandatory and
recommended standards were weighted and then evaluated against each of the risk
report sections of the examined corporations. As a result, each corporation received a
compliance percentage for the standard's mandatory and recommended requirements,
sectors, and standard categories (risk management system, individual risks and risk
situation).
In their risk reports, the examined corporations did not achieve an overall compliance
degree of 60 per cent. Not all corporations were able to present their information in
compliance with the DRS 20 standards. BMW, the Volkswagen Group, and Henkel
attained the highest level of compliance. Deutsche Wohnen and Deutsche Post had the
lowest degree of compliance.
The risk reporting quality of the corporations examined was adequate since not a single
corporation achieved a higher compliance degree of 60 per cent. Only a few
corporations came close to achieving a high level of compliance. As well as several
corporations viewed the significance of the mandatory and recommended standards
differently
Electric vehicles in Mexico’s market, are they ready to plug-in?
No full textThe present dissertation reviews the current adoption of electric vehicle technology within Mexico’s automotive market, and aims at answering the research question: “are they ready to plug in?”. Specifically, the objective of this case study is to analyse whether the country is ready to embrace the EV revolution, after a careful consideration over the recent energy reform promoted by the federal government, the limitations imposed on the entrance of private investors in the energy supply chain, and the aspiration that the country shows towards addressing the environmental issues Mexico is currently affected by within a sustainability framework. With contamination representing a major issue in Mexico, a deep dive into the environmental cause will also be included to understand whether this could be a relevant factor able to encourage private consumers and large companies to invest into this new technology. The dissertation will also examine all the different requirements that need to be implemented in the country to successfully open up the opportunity represented by the EV technology, such as infrastructure, economic incentives, and other strategies, eventually comparing them with best practices already deployed by other countries which heavily invested in this new type of vehicles. The theoretical background of the present case study includes literature review from the fields of technology, sustainability, politics, economy and social science. The findings collected from structured interviews, online questionnaires and studies from the literature reviewed were leveraged to support relevant viewpoints on the analysed topics, showing where they aligned, and where they failed to produce conclusive generalisations over the research objectives and main questions. Conclusions will show how the Mexican country is still far from planning a consistent path to innovation that will be able to address the current contamination issues, with the federal government, private companies and individual consumers still doubtful on whether to embrace the new revolution offered by this technology
EXPLORING MODELS OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND IMPACTS ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
No full textThis research explores models of human resource management (HRM) and its impacts on HRM practices in Nigeria’s hospitality sector. Two models of HRM exists i.e. hard and soft HRM, hard HRM regards humans as another organisational resource, thus, treats them as such, further aligning them to organisational goals. Soft HRM sees humans as integral part of the organisation, thus focuses on building employees, thus increasing commitment and productivity. This research investigated which model is predominantly adopted amongst firms in Nigeria’s hospitality sector. Also, the research accessing their impacts on HRM practices as work-life balance, employee productivity, employee engagement and employee retention. The research adopts quantitative methodology which collects data through questionnaires. 100 questionnaires were distributed across firms in Nigeria, 92 were collected and analysis made using SPSS. Results revealed that soft HRM was the most adopted in Nigeria’s hospitality industry. Furthermore, it had positive impacts on work-life balance, employee engagement and employee retention. It also had impact on employee productivity, however its impacts were not peculiar to its approach, as organisations operating hard HRM also achieved high productivity. The research thus concludes by stating the implications of operating soft HRM. Furthermore, the research recommends combining soft and hard HRM as both have approaches that could complement the weakness of the other