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The Impact Of Covid-19 On Sme's And The Benefit Of An Audit In Trying To Mitigate The Negative Consequences Of Covid-19.
No full textThe increase in going concern difficulties for small and medium business has reached a historical point in the last year due to the Covid-19 pandemic and one of the most affected sectors was hospitality sector. In the overall, Irish SMEs represents a significant contribution to Irish economy.
Given the above, and considering the specific challenges faced by the hospitality food sector in Ireland the objective of this research is to understand whether audit would be beneficial in mitigating risk to going concern resulting from the pandemic, from the point of view of the auditors and accountant professionals and SME management in the sector.
The study results indicate that there are different opinions on the value and efficiency of a statutory audit for SME businesses among audit and accountant professionals, nevertheless there is an unanimity result of that audit would not be recommended to SMEs and would be better replaced by consultancy since it would offer the same expected results for a SME business, with a considerable lower price, especially considering the pandemic period. This information goes against the findings of researches conducted in Sweden and Denmark 2018, that indicates better results among SMEs that were submitted to audit
The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the Buying Intentions of Millennial Consumers of Fast Fashion in Ireland: A Case Study of International Millennial Students in Dublin Colleges.
No full textThe current study explores the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of fast fashion brands in Ireland on the buying intentions of millennial consumers. It involves international millennial students from three colleges in Dublin within the ages 24-30 who in 2021 are the youngest millennials based on Cone Communications’ research showing millennial variables. Millennials are perceived to be ethical and show the most awareness of business activities than other generations. However, despite this, they are consumers of fast fashion which is known for its sustainability issues.
The research’s objectives are three-pronged: firstly; critically evaluating the CSR awareness level of millennial college students who are consumers of fast fashion. Secondly; the extent to which CSR activities of fast fashion firms affect these millennials’ buying intentions are determined and explored. Thirdly, factors that are most critical in influencing these millennials’ decisions to purchase from fast fashion brands are identified. To achieve these objectives and provide the study with the necessary structure, the under-listed research questions were put forward: What is the level of awareness of international millennial students in Dublin colleges regarding CSR initiatives of fast fashion brands in Ireland?; Does the social responsibility of fast fashion businesses have any real influence/effect on these millennial consumers’ intentions to purchase? and What factors are most critical in influencing the intentions of these millennial consumers to purchase from fast fashion brands?
The research is exploratory and adopts a case study approach. It is qualitative in nature and the primary data collection method - semi-structured interviews were conducted for 9 participants from three colleges in Dublin. Also, the sampling method utilised for the sample selection is non-probability sampling– purposeful sampling. Qualitative Data Analysis was adopted to analyse the participants’ data and consumer buying behaviour theories such as Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Perceived Consumer Effectiveness (PCE) and were used to shed more light on the behaviours of this cohort.
The research findings illustrate a good level of CSR awareness of the respondents as they recognise that fast fashion brands should have social responsibility. However, they are predominantly unaware of CSR initiatives of fast fashion brands in Ireland and factors like product price, quality and design/style are shown to play much more prominent roles in guiding the international millennial students’ purchasing intentions and not CSR activities of these brand
Influence of cultural and external factors in consumer behaviour on adoption of modern financial technologies (FinTech) in developing countries: An Example of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
No full textOver the last decade, FinTech as a term revolutionized the banking sector and the economy in general. Over the years it has proved itself to be more cost efficient, time efficient, reliant and secure way of banking in most of the aspect in comparison to traditional banking and as such was widely incorporated by the consumers, SME’s and eventually on national level throughout the world.
However, in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2020 it still does not seem to be the case regardless of all the opportunities that it provides to the developed countries. Furthermore, many researches have shown that developing countries are those that have adopted FinTech with ease as it represented the key to the economic growth of the country.
For this reason, this research aims at understanding the first layer which needs to be addressed prior to technology adoption and it is an individual customer. The research aims to identify the key barriers imposed by cultural factors covered in Hofstede’s national culture dimensions and external factors of trust, security, complexity, observability and perceived usefulness in order to understand customer behaviour regarding the matter of FinTech adoption on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Challenges for overseas firm setting up in India. An analysis from supply chain perspective.
No full textPurpose –
The purpose of the research is to explore various supply chain risks that are present in Indian
context and can be seen in future as well. The research also looks to present the most effective
method for treating supply chain risk management in India.
Design/research methodology/approach-
A non-probability purposive sampling method was deployed to conduct an online survey through Google form in different supply chain management groups in social media platforms. A total of 155 participants participated in the survey. A mono-quantitative research methodology was adopted for this research.
Findings –
Most of the participants work in international companies as they have mentioned the ownership for majority of companies as 100% foreign or foreign majority. It was also observed that most of the participants work for companies that have less than 200 employees which indicates the most of the companies are new or small to medium sized companies. In relation to the supply chain risks secondary research has highlighted legal challenges, tax regime, intellectual property rights, dispute resolution, strikes, riots, social unrest, and natural calamities as some of the common supply chain risks in India. However, the primary research has found that Inadequate utility infrastructure, Corruptions/Bribery, and Taxation problems have been major supply chain risk or challenges for companies since 2015. It has also found that Major accidents such as fire/explosion/collapse of infrastructure etc, Terrorism/Riots/Civil unrest, Transport related factors, Inadequate logistics infrastructure, Frauds (physical resources/theft/intellectual property etc), Labour related problems (Strikes, unskilled labour etc) and Taxation problems are the main causes of operational impact in companies in relation to supply chain and Major accidents such as fire/explosion/collapse of infrastructure etc, Terrorism/Riots/Civil unrest, Transport related factors, Inadequate logistics infrastructure, Frauds (physical resources/theft/intellectual property etc), Labour related problems (Strikes, unskilled labour etc) and Taxation problems are the major disruption factor/s that affect the supply chain in an organization in next three years in India.
Originality/Value –
The research adds to the previous research of supply chain risk for foreign companies looking to set up business in India by highlighting the supply chain risk that have been seen since 2015, and supply chain risk that have huge operational impact and also the supply chain risk that can be seen in future as well. The research also concludes that the most effective method for treating supply chain risk management in India cannot be designed as supply chain risk depends on external environment and also companies has to treat “supply chain security as a journey, not a destination”
Foreign Exchange Reserve Scale in China
No full textIn recent years, the dramatic increases in foreign exchange reserves of developing countries have caused a series of important financial problems. The research into the optimal range of foreign exchange reserves may provide a critical index to evaluate a country’s financial position. This study proposed a method to measure the optimal foreign exchange reserve scale in the context of potential impacts of the Covid-19 and the U.S-China trade war on the economy of China. This research also tentatively identified relationships between some financial variables and the scale of foreign exchange reserves. An improved method was taken from a scientific standpoint and deductive research was employed by collecting quantitative data. The data analysis for this paper was carried out by using correlation analysis and different types of regression analysis.
The results of this research indicated that the China’s foreign exchange reserve scale hold on to the optimal range so far. This research also aware that imported primary products have a linear relationship with the foreign exchange reserve scale, the short-term debt was significantly correlated with the foreign exchange reserve scale through comparing with other external debts, and the fluctuation of foreign exchange reserves was not affected by the transformation in foreign exchange systems. Except that, tariff changes and the trade war also have possible impacts on the foreign exchange reserve scale. Therefore, the dissertation suggested that the government should expand investments, diversified foreign exchange reserve assets, etc. Through taking these measures to ensure that foreign exchange reserves in China continue maintaining the optimal scale
Sweeping in front of the own door: Is it possible to hold corporations accountable for human rights violations under modern international law in the context of binding Business and Human Rights Treaty?
No full textIt has been generally accepted that nowadays corporations obtained more political and financial power than States. Considering controversial legal nature of this multinational entities there is currently no enforceable legal mechanism that can hold them accountable for human rights violations. Existing regulatory initiatives proved to be weak and ineffective with no binding power to impose human rights obligations on corporations. However, close examination and analyses of positive international law doctrine demonstrates that it is possible to hold corporations accountable under binding Business and Human Rights Treaty. The modern debate on binding human rights instrument was triggered by the proposal initiated by some states, initially by South Africa and Ecuador.
This dissertation discusses whether the binding Business and Human Rights Treaty is necessary in order to hold corporations accountable under international law. First part addresses historical development of business and human rights debate, inter alia, codes of conduct and existing human rights initiatives. Second part of this research analyses direct and indirect approaches including comprehensive examination of corporate accountability and responsibility of states to protect human rights. Final part of this research is focused on the discussion in relation to the possibility of the adoption of binding international treaty, including content, limitations and recommendations for the future research. This part argues that Business and Human Rights Treaty is a necessary instrument that needs to be urgently considered and adopted by international community
A Detailed Research On International Commercial Arbitration In Developing Countries Vis-À-Vis Developed Countries. A Case Study Of Ireland And Nigeria
No full textThe Impact of Technology on the Future of the Legal Industry
No full textThis dissertation explores the impact that technology has on the legal industry and its power to help law firms survive pandemics. The aim of this research is to assess the digital transformation implemented by legal firms as a result of the pandemic in the United States, Ireland and England. The focus of this research study would be looking at how the legal industry utilizes technology, how the industry perceive technology and how the usage in technology has altered due the pandemic. Based on this information, the goal would be to curate a framework for law firms to guide them on the effective way of implementing innovative technology.
The research study will be influenced by the interpretivist paradigm. The research strategy adopted in this dissertation is a collective case study using qualitative data, specifically interviews. The collective case study was on lawyers working in different firms namely McCann FitzGerald, DLA Piper, Thomson Reuters, Zelle LLP, Addleshaw Goddard and a leading New York law firm.
The findings have exposed various factors that influence the adoption of technology in the legal sector. As a result of the in vivo coding analysis, the findings were split into three categories namely culture, change and process. The findings on culture exposed that the billable hour is stifling the adoption of technology. In addition, the internal organization’s age, education and cosmopolitanism influences the adoption of technology. The major findings on change disclosed that law firms that have successfully adopted legal technology have started small and have made a gradual progression. Finally, the findings on process have exposed that successful deployment of technology in law firms occurs where the firm will collaborate with its IT team or experts in the field, prioritize their clients and utilize technology that is unique to their firm.
Overall, judging from the literature review and the qualitative research in this dissertation law firms by nature are conservative and risk averse which naturally makes the industry reluctant to adopt innovation. However, the pandemic has encouraged and in some cases forced law firms to utilize technology. As a result of this, technology has vastly been viewed as a necessity in the legal sector. Effectively, the pandemic has been a driving force for many law firms to bridge the gap between firms acknowledging technology is important and implementing such technology
Factors Influencing the Behavioral Intention towards Full Hybrid Car: An Empirical analysis of Automobile industry in Delhi
No full textPurpose: The basic purpose of this study is to measure and evaluate the factors of hybrid cars that influence the behavioural intention of consumers for the purchasing of hybrid cars. This study is done to measure the relationship between environmental concern, economic concern, and consumer’s perception about hybrid cars on the behavioural intention of consumers in purchasing hybrid cars in Delhi.
Methodology: The data was collected by using a close-ended questionnaire responded by 165 participants using cars in Delhi. Positivist approach was applied for this research for the convenience of sampling and also to obtain the quantitative data. The analysis of collected data was done by using SPSS and MS Excel of Pearson Correlation, Regression, and Anova.
Findings: Based on the evidence that was provided in this research, the results indicated that multiple factors of hybrid cars influence the behavioural intention of consumers for purchasing of hybrid cars. This study has evaluated the influence of environmental concern, economic concern, and consumer perception of consumers on the use of hybrid cars on behavioural intention of consumers towards the purchasing of hybrid cars. The statistical analysis of quantitative data suggested that the influence of these factors on purchasing intention of consumers of hybrid car is 48.4%. Furthermore, all these factors have a significant impact on the purchasing intention of hybrid cars as per the findings of this research. The results of this research are direct reflection on its demographic profile which shows that the majority of individuals were male
AN INQUIRY INTO THE INFLEUNCE OF STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP IN NIGERIA’S BANKING SECTOR
No full textThis research studies the influence of strategic leadership on employee productivity in Nigerian banks. Contemporary human resource management challenges have shifted the emphasis of leadership to strategic leadership. While leadership is about inspiring people towards achieving goals, strategic leadership involves purposefully motivating and driving people to achieve goals. Given the need for productivity, strategic leadership becomes more important. This research aims to discover essential skills for strategic leaders within Nigerian banks.
The research adopts a qualitative methodology, collecting data through interviews. The researcher conducted interviews with 7 bankers across different banks in Nigeria. The research reveals that strategic leaders possess skills necessary for change management, innovation and creativity, goal attainment, and employee productivity. Strategic leaders leverage communication, interpersonal relationships, teamwork, exploring strengths/weaknesses, and supervision to drive employees towards achieving goals.
Additionally, the research highlights the value of exemplary leadership. Exemplary leaders motivate and teach employees through their actions, building positive habits and work ethics amongst employees. Thus, exemplary leadership emerges as one of the most significant findings in this research, enhancing employee productivity.
The research recommends, amongst other things, that leaders imbibe strategic leadership skills to effectively motivate employees towards productivity