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The impact of societal Marketing and sustainability practices in Outdoor brands in Ireland
No full textThis study has the purpose of immersing into the topics of sustainable practices by the outdoor industry and its relationship with marketing; how does consumers perceive the efforts made by companies in said industry in favour of the environment.
Consequence of human activity is the deterioration of natural resources as well as the degradation of our environment. In recent years, efforts have been multiplied by the industry to change its business structure and strategy to contribute to this problem; specifically, the outdoor companies, being consistent with its philosophy and origins, have been developing environmentally friendly products as well as investments to convert their traditional supply chain based on carbon footprints towards clean and green practices.
Part of the goals of this research is to know if the final consumers are aware of these efforts made by the Outdoor companies and if there is a gender trend on said knowledge. Added to the above, through a quantitative survey, primary data was collected among 142 Irish consumers to obtain numerical and statistical information that will evaluate the research hypotheses. As a result, it was concluded that consumers are willing to pay extra money to buy an outdoor brand that is known to have sustainable practices against another that does not, especially the segment Mature adults (55 years and older) are the segment of the population most committed to the sustainable practices of Outdoor industry firms.
Based on the results obtained, even if consumers who maintain recycling and green habits as part of their lifestyles are willing to pay extra for a particular brand, they are unaware about the sustainable practices that their favourite brands are carrying out. Outdoor companies within their marketing mix should consider online and offline communication channels to increase the engagement within their target audience regarding this topic.
The road is still long to go and for now, in a vast majority of the respondents, people is concerned about global warming and they are expecting greater efforts from Outdoor brands in the near future
Consumer Behaviour and Purchasing Intentions: An Evaluation of Africans' Consumption of Chinese Dishes in Dublin
No full textThis research explores factors influencing Africans' purchase of Chinese food in Dublin. There has been a high level of emigration of Africans to Ireland. This has created cultural interactions where Africans are exposed to new foods, such as Chinese dishes. Chinese dishes were becoming popular with Africans in Ireland due to their several spicy and delicious meals. The ability to make online purchases also increases how Africans purchase Chinese food. However, more study has yet to be conducted to identify why Africans purchased Chinese food. Therefore, this research investigates factors influencing the consumer behaviour of Africans towards purchasing Chinese food. The research objectives were; to critically examine personal factors triggering the purchase of Chinese dishes by Africans in Dublin. To critically identify the psychological factors responsible for the growing desire of Africans in Dublin to consume Chinese foods. To critically evaluate the cultural factors influencing recurrent purchase of Chinese dishes by Africans in Dublin. The research adopts qualitative methodology, which collects data from semi-structured interviews. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten Africans. Sampling was done through judgemental sampling. Analysis was further done through the thematic approach. The major findings of the research include; age influenced the purchase of Chinese food due to the need to explore, and income influenced the purchase of Chinese food due to price and affordability. Through media adverts, Africans in Dublin could know about newer deals and offers on Chinese products. Also, personal perceptions from good experiences and satisfaction with consuming Chinese food influenced Africans' purchase of Chinese food. Furthermore, African culture was silent about eating specific Chinese food; therefore was permitted; however, even if culture did not permit it, it would not prevent the purchase of Chinese food by Africans. Thus, this research recommends that Chinese restaurants consider some of these factors while marketing to Africans. This will increase the patronage of Chinese food by Africans in Dublin
Evaluation of Cross-Border Personal Data Transfer Mechanisms between Malaysia and the European Union
Get PDFIn this paper, the author analysed the diverse mechanisms of cross-border personal data transfers under the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”). This paper further considered the suitability of adopting these mechanisms to the judicial landscape of Malaysia, including the Personal Data Protection Act 2010 (“PDPA”), by comparing the PDPA against the GDPR. In this dissertation, it was shown that the PDPA bears resemblance to the GDPR to a certain extent. This paper further revealed that the disparity between the PDPA and the GDPR was found to be the impediment of the PDPA in adopting cross-border personal data transfers mechanisms, which presented a potential trade hindrance in the advanced trade partnership between Malaysia and the European Union through their Partnership and Cooperation Agreement. The author proposed that the PDPA be amended to address the impediments portrayed in the PDPA to strengthen its personal data protection framework, facilitate the adoption of the cross-border personal data transfers mechanisms to the PDPA and to enhance the appeal of Malaysia as a global trading partner
Unfiltered Reality: The impact of visual social media platforms on the mental well being of young adults cross culturally
No full textIn an increasingly digitalised world, the impact of social media (SM) on young adults’ mental
health (MH) represents a crucial investigation area. Thus, this dissertation’s objective is to
investigate the impact visual social media platforms have on Generation Z (Gen Z) cross culturally. Through interviews with six NGOs including Irish, German, and US mental health
experts (MHE) and a comprehensive literature review, the relationship between SM use and
Gen Z’s mental health (MH) is explored. Research questions include to what extent SM triggers
mental health concerns (MHC) among young adults, what factors specifically trigger MH, and
to what degree a universal issue is experienced. Potential key differences in NGOs were
uncovered through interviews.
Lastly, potential approaches to prevent negative impact were assessed. It's suggested that SM
has a significant influence on the young adult’s MH. Instagram and TikTok emerged as the most
popular and problematic platforms due to their visual and algorithm-driven nature. However,
conflicting outcomes highlight the multifaceted and individual nature of SM’s impact.
Excessive usage patterns, active vs. passive usage, belonging to vulnerable groups, and certain
design features including algorithms, filters, exposure to harmful content, and SM challenges
revealed to be key factors. It has been suggested that individuals with existing MHC, teenagers,
particularly young girls, and individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds or unstable support
systems as well as individuals in uncertain life stages whether influenced by personal or
external circumstances, tend to be at the highest risks. Interestingly, research revealed that
excessive usage patterns are more depending on the user’s behaviour patterns than time spent
on platforms. Moreover, active SM usage has been linked to more positive well-being
outcomes, than passive consumption.
The ever-evolving nature of SM platforms and the constant introduction of new design
features challenges researchers to thoroughly evaluate the effects on MH. However, SM also
offers positive aspects including community support and awareness-building, particularly for
marginalised groups. To address the negative impact of SM, awareness campaigns, and
increased accountability for SM companies are recommended. Collaboration between
policymakers, MHEs, and technology companies is advocated to create a safer online
environment.
The research highlights the universal nature of SM’s impact on Gen Z’s MH, transcending
cultural differences. However, nuances exist among NGO recommendations, with countries
emphasising different concerns. Strict age restrictions, mandatory ID sign-ups, and media
literacy education are suggested as crucial measures by all. Additionally, app notifications
promoting authenticity, and limiting screen time are proposed to raise awareness and
encourage responsible SM usage.
In conclusion, this dissertation emphasises the need for a comprehensive approach to address
the complex relationship between SM and young adults’ MH. However, more accurate data
from e.g., longitudinal studies are needed. To effectively implement global efforts, more
countries especially those who significantly differ in economic and legislations, need to be
compared.
By understanding these challenges and implementing effective strategies, a supportive digital
environment for young adults, enhancing their well-being in the digital age can be created
A Framing Analysis of Partisan Media’s Coverage of the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Shooting.
No full textAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2021 saw a record high for gun-related injuries and deaths in America. This included both homicides and suicides. 2021 is the most recent year for which detailed statistics is availabe. A total of 48,830 people died from gun related injuries, the majority (54%) were categorised as suicide, while 43% were categorised as homicide. Eight out of ten homicides involve a firearms (Gramlich, 2023). These figures far exceed other developed Western nations. America is also the only nation in the world where the number of civilian owned firearms exceed the number of people within the country. (Fox et al., (2023). Statistics like these are the reason that the US’s debate about firearm control has raged over decades. However, the debate has remained gridlocked, with no major changes being made to gun policy. The debate has become highly politicised, with voices from The Democratic Party calling for stricter gun control, while voices from The Republican Party argue for the protection of the right to bear arms provided by the Second Amendment.
Mass shootings have become a phenomenon that is correlated with America. While mass shootings have occurred in other developed countries, such as Britain, Australia, Norway etc. However, no other developed Western nation saw more than 8 occurrences over a period of 22 years. America had over 100 public mass shootings within this timeframe (Fox et al., 2023). When mass shootings occur in the US, the inevitable talks about gun control follow with no real resolutions being identified and implemented. One such event occurred on 14 February 2018, when Nikolas Cruz entered the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School armed with an AR-15 and killed 17 people before being apprehended by police later that day.
Events such as these receive large amounts of media attention and the gun debate that ensues in the aftermath is closely covered by media. Media in the US are divided along partisan lines, much like the gun debate. Their political affiliation often determines how they will cover an event such as a mass shooting. The New York Times is a world renowned agenda setting newspaper that is affiliated to The Democratic Party, while The Washington Times is a conservative paper affiliated with The Republican Party.
This paper will conduct a qualitative framing analysis of the coverage of The Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Shooting by The New York Times and The Washington Times to assess if their political alignment influenced the way they framed this event. It will attempt to identify the dominant frames present in each newspaper, how the papers’ use of sources contributed to the framing. The goal is to determine if political biases were evident in their coverage
Trans Rights: A detailed analysis of access to gender affirming treatments by minors and the differing approaches taken by Member States in the European Union
No full textIn this paper the author will be discussing the varying approaches by Member States in the European Union regarding the rights of Minors to access/undertake gender affirming treatments. This paper shall have a particular focus on the varying approaches taken by the Republic of Ireland, United Kingdom and the Netherlands in minors having access to gender affirming treatments. The Netherlands has developed a protocol for gender affirming intervention which has been deemed to be the benchmark for providing treatment for minors suffering from gender dysphoria. The protocol developed by the Netherland vastly differs from other Member States such as the United Kingdom and Ireland. The basis for the differing views by such member states lies on the basis of health officials that intervention can be a detriment to minors instead of having a benefit. The varying approaches by Member States raises the question of what can be considered to be the appropriate approach to be undertaken in providing gender affirming treatment to minors and the lines that must be drawn between what can be considered in what is deemed to be providing minors with the right to receive appropriate care against what can be considered to be medical malpractice
An Analysis of the Development of Nigerian Media Law since Independence, with a Focus on how the State Transitioned between Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes.
No full textSince Nigeria's independence in 1960, the development of media law has mirrored the country's socio-political dynamics, which have oscillated between democratic and authoritarian regimes. This dissertation offers a thorough analysis of the development of Nigerian media law in the context of these transitions. The primary purpose of this study is to comprehend how the country's media legislation has changed and adapted in response to shifts in governance and the broader sociopolitical environment.
Initial findings suggest that, while the press enjoyed relative freedom during the early years of independence, it was subject to significant restrictions during military rule. The media's ability to serve as a watchdog was frequently constrained by laws enacted during the authoritarian period. However, transitions to democratic governance ushered in renewed vigour for press freedom, albeit with obstacles, as the media played a crucial role in the democratic consolidation process of the nation.
In addition, this dissertation assesses Nigeria's media laws in the context of international media legislation and press freedom standards. A comparative analysis reveals areas of congruence and divergence, highlighting the unique challenges and factors that influenced the formulation of media laws in Nigeria. In addition, the impact of international conventions and treaties on Nigerian media law is examined, shedding light on the interplay between local contexts and international norms.
Nigeria's journey from post-independence euphoria through periods of authoritarian rule and successive returns to democracy provides valuable insights into the complexities of media law evolution in a post-colonial African context. This research highlights the importance of a free press in the consolidation of democracy and the need for a balanced legal framework for the media that adheres to international norms
Investigative Reporting and its Challenges for Nigerian Journalists. A Content Analysis.
No full textThe concept of investigative reporting is to unveil societal misconduct so as to promote transparency and accountability of government. This research examined Investigative reporting and its challenges for Nigerian journalists, its decline in practice, and perception of young reporters towards the career, thereby suggesting measures for improvement of better practice.
The research reviewed related literature and anchored on the social responsibility theory of the press. The research adopted a qualitative content analysis approach in the methodology whereby in-depth interviews of eight participants were conducted through purposive sampling. A thematic analysis of the data collected was done by assigning codes to common themes. Findings revealed that legal constraints/poor access to information, attacks, funding/poor remuneration, censorship, and regulations are the major challenges. Participants also identified ownership/political influence, lack of technological skills and training, female gender discrimination and corruption as other forms of challenge. Attacks, funding, poor remuneration, gender discrimination are found to be the cause of decline in practice. Results also showed that younger journalists that aspire a career in the field are dispirited to practice because of their safety which is at risk.
However, adequate funding and remuneration is said to overcome some of the challenges. Collaboration of media is suggested. The research also recommends a comparative legal implementation of media rights study for further research
Gambling as a Safety Net to Recession through Progressive Taxation
No full textIn this dissertation, the main aim was to establish if gambling could provide a safety net to recession through progressive taxation. The elements of the study were established to be financial crisis, behaviourism, gambling industry and economic stimulus where thorough literature review was done on them, and conceptual framework formed with testable hypotheses. The research employed pragmatism paradigm which combines both interpretivism paradigm and positivist paradigm. To reach a conclusion and overall understanding of the mentioned concepts, both quantitative and qualitative study were conducted. The quantitative study employed linear regression equations where a relationship was established between lottery consumption and recession indicators which were unemployment figures and Consumer Price Index (CPI). From this, it was found that men in employment gamble more than women in employment and that unemployed figures of females have a high impact on lottery sales as compared to unemployed figures of males. There was a strong positive correlation between lottery sales and Consumer Price Index (CPI) as compared to unemployment figures. These were based on statistical analysis hence the mini poll survey conducted to gather qualitative opinion. If asked if they would still gamble if the lottery winnings were taxed, many weren’t sure if they would closely follow by others who said they would continue in lottery participation. Over 73% preferred that the lottery winnings be taxed than increase in other taxes for example income tax. Their ethical opinion on gambling was also collected and their view on current government tax regime. In conclusion, lottery consumption in Ireland seems to be recession proof or to increase when the factors indicating recession increase. The findings from the mini poll survey also indicate that introduction of taxation on lottery winnings is much viable and may be welcomed by the population more than it may face resistance to it meaning the government can benefit from this research but detailed qualitative study needs to be further done with tax experts and legislators