Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Piemonte Orientale
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Uno sconfinamento barocco nel Settecento: Giuseppe D'Alessandro e le poesie sull'orologio
No full textIl motivo dell’orologio, che ricorre in maniera quasi ossessiva nella lirica barocca ma che sembra spegnersi allo scadere del XVII secolo, si riaffaccia nella raccolta di rime di Giuseppe D’Alessandro, Duca di Pescolanciano, la Selva poetica pubblicata a Napoli nel 1713. Il poeta-feudatario molisano, ammiratore di Marino ma anche di Petrarca, riprende nei suoi componimenti l’immaginario e il repertorio metaforico che la lirica barocca aveva elaborato intorno ai vari tipi di orologio, ma opta per forme metriche brevi (madrigali, quartine) e impronta il suo discorso a una linearità di argomentazione e a una chiarezza sintattica e lessicale che si collegano alle contemporanee esperienze arcadiche, e, insieme, all’incipiente stagione dei Lumi
Rituximab, bendamustine, and cytarabine followed by venetoclax in older patients with high-risk mantle cell lymphoma (FIL_V-RBAC): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study
No full textBackground: Bendamustine and rituximab combined with intermediate-dose cytarabine (RBAC) is one of the standard initial treatments for older, fit patients with mantle cell lymphoma. We aimed to investigate whether the addition of venetoclax to RBAC would improve progression-free survival in patients with high-risk mantle cell lymphoma. Methods: FIL_V-RBAC was a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study done in 35 institutions of the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi in Italy. Treatment-naive patients with a histological diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma, aged 65 years or older and fit according to the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi modified comprehensive geriatric assessment (or younger than 65 years and ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or less), were classified after enrolment as having low-risk or high-risk disease, based on the presence of blastoid morphology, Ki67 30% or higher, TP53, or 17p deletion. Patients with a low-risk profile received RBAC intravenously (rituximab 375 mg/m2 and day 1; bendamustine 70 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2; and cytarabine 500 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, and 3) every 4 weeks for 6 cycles. Patients with a high-risk profile received four cycles of RBAC followed by fixed-duration oral venetoclax consolidation (4 months, 800 mg/day) and maintenance (20 months, 400 mg/day). The primary endpoint was 2-year progression-free survival for patients with a high-risk profile who received at least one dose of RBAC. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03567876, and this is the final report. Findings: Between Sept 10, 2018, and July 26, 2021, 155 patients were screened for inclusion, 140 of whom were enrolled and analysed for study endpoints. Median age was 72 (IQR 69-76), 107 (76%) patients were male, 33 (24%) were female, and all were White. 54 (39%) patients had a high-risk profile (28 [20%] with TP53 mutations, 19 [14%] with 17p deletions, 34 [24%] with Ki67 ≥30%, and 13 [9%] with a blastoid morphology) and 86 (61%) had a low-risk profile. After a median follow-up of 45 months (IQR 40-55), the 2-year progression-free survival in the high-risk group was 60% (95% CI 48-74) and the median progression-free survival was 37 months (95% CI 19-not reached). The most frequent grade 3 or worse adverse events during venetoclax consolidation were neutropenia (12 [28%] of 43 patients), followed by thrombocytopenia (three [7%]) and skin reactions (three [7%]). During venetoclax maintenance, the most frequent grade 3 or worse adverse events were neutropenia (seven [19%] of 37 patients), followed by thrombocytopenia (two [5%]) and anaemia (two [5%]). One (1%) of 140 patients had a treatment-related death (tumour lysis syndrome during first induction with RBAC in a patient with a high-risk profile). Interpretation: To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study to stratify patients with mantle cell lymphoma to different treatments according to their risk profile. Our results suggest that the addition of fixed-duration venetoclax improves the performance of RBAC in patients with a high-risk disease profile. Our findings point to the importance of identifying patients with high-risk disease at initial diagnosis. Funding: Fondazione Italiana Linfomi-Ente del Terzo Settore, Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, and Ministry of Health, Italy, and AbbVie. Translation: For the Italian translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section
Unpacking School Leadership Activism: Evidence from INVALSI Data
Get PDFSchool principals are central actors in shaping the quality, equity, and adaptability of education systems. Their behaviours and beliefs influence teachers' practices, organisational processes, and ultimately students' outcomes. This paper examines the activism of school principals in Italy through the lens of INVALSI survey data collected between 2017 and 2022. The analysis focuses on three domains (i) declared leadership practices, (ii) leadership beliefs, and (iii) decision-making strategies, capturing how principals act, think, and decide within their schools. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis are applied to uncover the latent dimensions that define leadership activism, while spatial mapping reveals its territorial distribution across Italian regions. The results point to a hybrid model of leadership that integrates strategic coordination, pedagogical engagement, and participatory governance. This model reflects the capacity of Italian principals to mediate between managerial accountability and the relational dynamics of their school communities, a balance that became even more salient in the postpandemic period. By linking behavioural evidence with spatial analysis, the paper advances a comprehensive framework to classify and interpret leadership activism in a decentralised education system. The findings offer three contributions: they demonstrate the coherence between principals' beliefs and practices, reveal regional patterns in leadership orientations, and provide actionable insights for the design of training and support policies. The study thus enriches the international debate on school leadership by showing how activism evolves through the interplay of context, agency, and institutional change
Dall’aula al reparto pediatrico: la scuola in ospedale (SiO) come spazio di agency e continuità educativa
No full textMonensin Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mice by a Na+-Dependent Cytotoxic Action Unrelated to Cytostatic Effects
No full text: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive breast cancer subtype, defined by its limited therapeutic options and poor outcomes. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of targeting Na+ homeostasis in TNBC cells to induce TNBC inhibition. For this purpose, BALB/c mice were inoculated with 4T1-Luc2 breast cancer cells and treated with the Na+ ionophore monensin (8 mg/kg) or vehicle alone. Tumor development and cellular Na+ content were assessed using vivo live imaging techniques, while intracellular Na+ variations and cytotoxicity were evaluated through live cell analysis. Monensin treatment increased Na+ levels in cancerous tissues and reduced TNBC mass (monensin: 0.146 ± 0.06; vehicle: 0.468 ± 0.2 cm3; p < 0.001). This treatment induced extensive necrosis in TNBC tumors while preserving the structural and functional integrity of healthy organs and maintaining the proliferative activity of both tumor and normal tissues. Monensin did not alter the expression of proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 4T1-Luc2 cells but triggered cytotoxicity preceded by intracellular Na+ accumulation. Na+-free conditions prevented both Na+ accumulation and 4T1-Luc2 cell death. Thus, monensin exerts its antitumor effects in TNBC through a Na+-dependent and tumor-specific cytotoxic mechanism, without inducing cytostatic effects on normal or transformed tissues. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential of Na+ ionophores as promising therapeutic agents for TNBC
Early Outcomes from the Multicentre Standardised PHysician Modified Four Fenestration Endograft REgistry (S.PH.E.RE.)
No full textObjective: The objective of the study was to investigate the safety, efficacy, and early outcomes of a novel standardised approach to a four fenestration physician modified endograft (sPMEG) in the treatment of very large and urgent complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (cAAAs). Methods: This was a prospective multicentre study (S.PH.E.RE., Standardised PHysician modified four fenestration Endograft REgistry). The Valiant Captivia endograft (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) was used for on bench modifications. Planning of fenestration position, technique, and procedure were standardised across the participating centres. Primary endpoints were technical success and early death. Secondary endpoints were sPMEG instability, major adverse events, and re-intervention at 30 days. Graft geometric integrity and target vessel to fenestration misalignment (TV-FM) were evaluated on post-operative computed tomography angiograms. Results: There were 50 cAAAs from 13 centres with a median follow up of 8 months. The mean age was 78 ± 18 years, with a Society for Vascular Surgery comorbidity score of 16 ± 5 and a mean maximum aneurysm diameter of 75 ± 19 mm. There were nine (18%) short neck, 18 (36%) juxtarenal, 15 (30%) pararenal abdominal aortic, and eight (16%) extent IV thoraco-abdominal aneurysms. Thirty-two patients (64%) were treated electively, while 13 (26%) had a symptomatic and five (10%) had a ruptured aneurysm. Mean graft modification time was 128 ± 33 minutes and mean total operating time was 196 ± 96 minutes. No intra-operative graft related complications were reported. Overall technical success was 96%, with failure to cannulate two target renal vessels. The 30 day mortality rate was 0%, and the major adverse event rate was 8%. Related re-intervention occurred in 4%. No graft related type I endoleak, disconnection, or fracture was reported at 30 days. All patients had successful early follow up imaging, and post-implantation geometric analysis showed 100% integrity of the main graft and 194 reinforced fenestrations. Vertical TV-FM was detected in 1%, and horizontal TV-FM in 2%. Conclusion: This real life registry using four fenestration sPMEGs for the treatment of very large and urgent cAAAs showed excellent technical implantation safety, efficacy, and early outcomes, despite the high patient comorbidity rates. Longer term follow up is needed to better define the clinical role of this sPMEG approach
Evaluation of AI Tools Versus the PRISMA Method for Literature Search, Data Extraction, and Study Composition in Glaucoma Systematic Reviews: Content Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly popular in the scientific field, as it allows for the analysis of extensive datasets, summarizes results, and assists in writing academic papers. Objective: This study investigates the role of AI in the process of conducting a systematic literature review (SLR), focusing on its contributions and limitations at three key stages of its development, study selection, data extraction, and study composition, using glaucoma-related SLRs as case studies and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-based SLRs as benchmarks. Methods: Four AI platforms were tested on their ability to reproduce four PRISMA-based, glaucoma-related SLRs. We used Connected Papers and Elicit to perform research of relevant records; then we assessed Elicit and ChatPDF’s ability to extract and organize information contained in the retrieved records. Finally, we tested Jenni AI’s capacity to compose an SLR. Results: Neither Connected Papers nor Elicit provided the totality of the results found using the PRISMA method. On average, data extracted from Elicit were accurate in 51.40% (SD 31.45%) of cases and imprecise in 13.69% (SD 17.98%); 22.37% (SD 27.54%) of responses were missing, while 12.51% (SD 14.70%) were incorrect. Data extracted from ChatPDF were accurate in 60.33% (SD 30.72%) of cases and imprecise in 7.41% (SD 13.88%); 17.56% (SD 20.02%) of responses were missing, and 14.70% (SD 17.72%) were incorrect. Jenni AI’s generated content exhibited satisfactory language fluency and technical proficiency but was insufficient in defining methods, elaborating results, and stating conclusions. Conclusions: The PRISMA method continues to exhibit clear superiority in terms of reproducibility and accuracy during the literature search, data extraction, and study composition phases of the SLR writing process. While AI can save time and assist with repetitive tasks, the active participation of the researcher throughout the entire process is still crucial to maintain control over the quality, accuracy, and objectivity of their work
Ur-fascismo e Resistenza di fronte alla crisi della democrazia.
No full textIn questo testo, a partire dall'analisi della conferenza che Umberto Eco tenne nel 1995 alla Columbia University di New York sul "fascismo eterno", intendo riflettere sinteticamente sul fascismo come categoria "metastorica"; un archetipo culturale e politico definito da alcune caratteristiche persistenti, che si possono ritrovare anche in certe tendenze del populismo contemporaneo. Il forte spirito gerarchico e la devozione a un capo carismatico, accanto al disprezzo per il parlamentarismo, al senso di "tradimento" e al bisogno di "rassicurazione", danno corpo alle frustrazioni sociali e individuali del 'popolo', che è condizionato dal lessico populista dei mezzi di comunicazione di massa. L’attuale recrudescenza dei movimenti neofascisti, che sfruttano la rabbia degli sconfitti della globalizzazione e il disagio urbano, mostra come la mentalità fascista, in diverse forme, sia rimasta attiva anche nel sistema democratico. Proprio in ragione di questo fatto, e in considerazione della profonda crisi che attraversa la democrazia rappresentativa, intendo poi argomentare come ci sia bisogno, oggi più che mai, di riconoscere il valore della Resistenza e la sua straordinaria attualità
The role of the solvent molecule in the crystal packing arrangements of hydrated salts formed by ethacridine and fluorobenzoic acids
No full textThree novel hydrated salts of ethacridine: 2-fluorobenzoate dihydrate, 3-fluorobenzoate monohydrate and 4-fluorobenzoate monohydrate were synthesized and structurally characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Analysis of intermolecular interactions in the crystal packing revealed that the number of water molecules in the asymmetric unit determines the formation of distinct centrosymmetric supramolecular synthons: [⋯water⋯acid⋯]2 and [⋯water⋯water⋯acid⋯]2. Hirshfeld surface analysis and lattice energy calculations were exploited to characterize intermolecular interactions and to elucidate the influence of small stereochemical differences among the three fluorobenzoate isomers on the crystal packing of the obtained molecular complexes